Exercise induced asthma

This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of exercise induced asthma

To Protect Fatty Livers from Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Role of Ischemic Postconditioning

BACKGROUND The benefit of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) might be the throttled inflow following cold ischemia. The current study investigated advantage and mechanisms of IPostC in healthy and fatty rat livers. METHODS Male SD rats received a high-fat diet to induce fatty livers. Isolated liver perfusion was performed after 24 h ischemia at 4°C as well as in vivo experiments after 90 min warm ischemia. The so-called follow-up perfusions served to investigate the hypothesis that medium from IPostC experiments is less harmful. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), transaminases, different cytokines, and gene expressions, respectively, were measured. RESULTS Fatty livers showed histologically mild inflammation and moderate to severe fat storage. IPostC reduced LDH and TXB2 in healthy and fatty livers and increased bile flow. LDH, TNF-\textgreeka, and IL-6 levels in serum decreased after warm ischemia + IPostC. The gene expressions of Tnf, IL-6, Ccl2, and Ripk3 were downregulated in vivo after IPostC. CONCLUSIONS IPostC showed protective effects after ischemia in situ and in vivo in healthy and fatty livers. Restricted cyclic inflow was an important mechanism and further suggested involvement of necroptosis. IPostC represents a promising and easy intervention to improve outcomes after transplantation

Ischemic Postconditioning (IPostC) Protects Fibrotic and Cirrhotic Rat Livers after Warm Ischemia

Background. Decreased organ function following liver resection is a major clinical issue. The practical method of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) has been studied in heart diseases, but no data exist regarding fibrotic livers. Aims. We aimed to determine whether IPostC could protect healthy, fibrotic, and cirrhotic livers from ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods. Fibrosis was induced in male SD rats using bile duct ligation (BDL, 4 weeks), and cirrhosis was induced using thioacetamide (TAA, 18 weeks). Fibrosis and cirrhosis were histologically confirmed using HE and EvG staining. For healthy, fibrotic, and cirrhotic livers, isolated liver perfusion with 90 min of warm ischemia was performed in three groups (each with n=8): control, IPostC 8x20 sec, and IPostC 4x60 sec. additionally, healthy livers were investigated during a follow-up study. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and thromboxane B-2 (TXB2) in the perfusate, as well as bile flow (healthy/TAA) and portal perfusion pressure, were measured. Results. LDH and TXB2 were reduced, and bile flow was increased by IPostC, mainly in total and in the late phase of reperfusion. The follow-up study showed that the perfusate derived from a postconditioned group had much less damaging potential than perfusate derived from the nonpostconditioned group. Conclusion. IPostC following warm ischemia protects healthy, fibrotic, and cirrhotic livers against IRI. Reduced efflux of TXB2 is one possible mechanism for this effect of IPostC and increases sinusoidal microcirculation. These findings may help to improve organ function and recovery of patients after liver resection

2017 Research & Innovation Day Program

A one day showcase of applied research, social innovation, scholarship projects and activities.https://first.fanshawec.ca/cri_cripublications/1004/thumbnail.jp

2018 Research & Innovation Day Program

A one day showcase of applied research, social innovation, scholarship projects and activities.https://first.fanshawec.ca/cri_cripublications/1005/thumbnail.jp

Doppelte Bildlektüren (mindestens). Zur komplexen Vermittlung der Moderne im Kunstunterricht am Beispiel der Ausstellung »Museum global. Mikrogeschichten einer exzentrischen Moderne«

Hoffmann K. Doppelte Bildlektüren (mindestens). Zur komplexen Vermittlung der Moderne im Kunstunterricht am Beispiel der Ausstellung »Museum global. Mikrogeschichten einer exzentrischen Moderne« . In: Schnurr A, Dengel S, Hagenberg J, Kelch L, eds. Mehrdeutigkeit gestalten. Ambiguität und die Bildung demokratischer Haltungen in Kunst und Pädagogik. Bielefeld: transcript; 2021: 175-192