An Educator’s Guide to Tier 2 and Tier 3 Evidence-based Interventions for Students with Emotional and/or Behavioral Needs

Students with an emotional and behavioral disorder or emotional/behavioral needs can be impacted in many different areas that are critical to school success. These impacts not only affect student success within schools, but also drastically affect post-school success and can result in negative long-term outcomes. Fortunately, many school-based models have been identified to be effective in addressing these impacts for students with and at-risk for emotional and behavioral disorders. A distinctive feature within all these models includes the implementation of tiered evidence-based interventions. However, from personal experience and from literature reviewed, there seems to be a lack of implementation of such interventions – interventions that are clearly needed to improve the current and future success of the students described above. This project entails a review and synthesis of common tiered evidence-based interventions for those with emotional and behavioral disorders, common behaviors addressed by these interventions, and a review of barriers to implementation that may contribute to a lack of implementation of evidence-based behavioral interventions. It also includes the creation of a handbook which details implementation of common evidence-based interventions cited by research and literature and which behaviors these interventions are effective for. It is my hope that the handbook will be helpful in increasing implementation of these practices in schools

Designing a Discussion-Based Social Studies Curriculum

Implementing classroom discussions in social studies can be a valuable tool for teachers to increase student engagement, critical thinking skills, and writing skills. Classroom discussions in social studies also help students with historical thinking skills, selecting and evaluating evidence, and crafting arguments. Discussion can be in the form of partner, small group, or whole class discussions. This capstone is a discussion-based curriculum that utilizes many modes of discussion in a five-unit human geography curriculum with the goal to answer the question, How can various forms of student discussion before a writing assignment impact the quality of students’ written work in social studies

RANCHER PERSPECTIVES ON LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION OPTIONS IN MONTANA\u27S BLACKFOOT RIVER WATERSHED

The Blackfoot River watershed in Western Montana, like many rural landscapes across the Intermountain West, has faced a suite of economic, demographic, and social change over the last 40 years. Cattle ranching specifically, a principal land use in the Blackfoot watershed, has faced increasing socioeconomic challenges due to global competition, falling cattle prices, amenity migration, and climate change. Ranch livelihood diversification presents an opportunity to bolster the profitability of ranches in the watershed, while also supporting the well-being of rural communities and conserving the intact, ecologically-significant rangelands upon which ranching depends. The Blackfoot Challenge (BC) is a nonprofit community-based conservation organization that operates within the Blackfoot watershed. To explore potential roles for the BC in facilitating economic development in the watershed, this research utilizes participatory and qualitative methods to identify opportunities for and challenges to ranch income diversification based on the perspectives and experiences of Blackfoot ranchers. The results speak specifically to diversification strategies involving: (1) market diversification through direct-to-consumer and cooperative marketing; (2) product diversification through livestock diversification and third-party certifications; (3) tourism and recreation through offering vacation rentals, “glamping,” hunting, and non-motorized recreation; and (4) payments for ecosystem services through government cost-share programs, conservation easements, and carbon sequestration. Based on these results, the most salient opportunities for income diversification on Blackfoot ranches are presented, as well as specific recommendations for the BC to pursue in support of ranch profitability and sustainability in the watershed

Movement and Support as Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease: A Literature Review

The purpose of this literature review is to discuss the benefit of support groups and dance classes for individuals living with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Questions for consideration in this literature review include looking at the possible added benefit of combining support and movement into one group. This writer will present the literature on the benefits of dance classes for individuals living with Parkinson’s Disease and the literature on the benefits of support groups. This writer will then investigate if the potential benefits in a combined group are similar or the same as in separate support groups or dance classes. This writer will discuss data collected from a group I created at a skilled nursing facility for residents with Parkinson’s Disease that was a combined movement and support group. The bias of this writer is that combing movement and support will provide an added measure of group cohesion and an increased feeling of support from the group with a decreased feeling of isolation

Video Modeling as an Effective Intervention for Young Children Diagnosed with Autism

The purpose of this paper was to review a variety of research articles to gain more information on using video modeling as an intervention for young children with autism. I am interested in common types of video modeling being used and what skills were targeted by the research. Chapter 2 of this Starred Paper presents a review of current literature on the use of video modeling. Chapter 3 discusses findings of this study and discusses a working model

Studying the Impact of Virtuality-Dependent Nucleon Structure Modification on Spectator-Tagged Deep Inelastic Scattering

Measurements of deep inelastic scattering from nuclei have revealed that the partonic structure of bound nucleons differs from that of free nucleons. One hypothesis is that this structure modification primarily occurs in highly virtual nucleons participating in short-range correlations, although distinguishing this from other hypotheses is difficult with inclusive measurements alone. Spectator-tagged deep inelastic scattering, on the other hand, may offer a way to specifically probe the partonic structure of highly-virtual nucleons by detecting the correlated emission of a spectator nucleon. Here, we present a method for calculating a ``spectator-tagged'' structure function for a nucleus by combining Generalized Contact Formalism's description of short-range correlations with light-cone convolution formalism to determine the impact of nucleon motion on the structure function. We apply this method to calculate predictions for helium-4, and find that differences in the virtuality-dependence of nucleon structure modification can lead to large measurable changes in the tagged structure function. The recent CLAS12 Short-Range Correlations Experiment, which collected electron scattering data on helium-4 and other nuclear targets, may be able to constrain this virtuality-dependence and help test whether correlations are the origin of the modification of bound nucleon structure.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Microbiomes Reduce Their Host's Sensitivity to Interspecific Interactions.

Bacteria associated with eukaryotic hosts can affect host fitness and trophic interactions between eukaryotes, but the extent to which bacteria influence the eukaryotic species interactions within trophic levels that modulate biodiversity and species coexistence is mostly unknown. Here, we used phytoplankton, which are a classic model for evaluating interactions between species, grown with and without associated bacteria to test whether the bacteria alter the strength and type of species interactions within a trophic level. We demonstrate that host-associated bacteria alter host growth rates and carrying capacity. This did not change the type but frequently changed the strength of host interspecific interactions by facilitating host growth in the presence of an established species. These findings indicate that microbiomes can regulate their host species' interspecific interactions. As between-species interaction strength impacts their ability to coexist, our findings show that microbiomes have the potential to modulate eukaryotic species diversity and community composition.IMPORTANCE Description of the Earth's microbiota has recently undergone a phenomenal expansion that has challenged basic assumptions in many areas of biology, including hominid evolution, human gastrointestinal and neurodevelopmental disorders, and plant adaptation to climate change. By using the classic model system of freshwater phytoplankton that has been drawn upon for numerous foundational theories in ecology, we show that microbiomes, by facilitating their host population, can also influence between-species interactions among their eukaryotic hosts. Between-species interactions, including competition for resources, has been a central tenet in the field of ecology because of its implications for the diversity and composition of communities and how this in turn shapes ecosystem functioning

Why Do You Come to LU?

The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons that people attend and continue to attend Lindenwood University. We examined 129 surveys completed by current Lindenwood University students. The survey asked a variety of questions, including demographic data, resident/commuter status, and what the student likes/dislikes about Lindenwood. There were two hypotheses for this study. Our first hypothesis was that commuter students would attend class more often than resident students. Our second hypothesis was that scholarships/funding was the top reason that students chose to come to Lindenwood. While our second hypothesis did yield statistical significance, our first one did not. Implications of these findings are discussed

Is there a European solidarity?: Attitudes towards fiscal assistance for debt-ridden European Union member states

This paper analyses if European citizens are willing to show solidarity with debt-ridden EU member states during the recent crisis. Based on a theoretical concept comprehending four di-mensions of solidarity - generalised willingness to support, existence of social cleavages, rea-sons of supporting others, acceptance of conditions a crisis country has to meet to receive as-sistance - we derived hypotheses stating that the existence of a European wide solidarity is rather unlikely. We analysed data from two Eurobarometer surveys 2010 and 2011 and a unique survey conducted in Germany and Portugal in 2012. Descriptive and multilevel analyses indi-cated that in 2010 and 2011, a narrow majority of all EU citizens supported fiscal assistance for crisis countries, and socio-economic and cultural cleavages in attitudes regarding financial as-sistance for crisis countries were rather low. Findings from the two country comparison showed that the willingness to show solidarity was predominantly guided by moral reasoning instead of the respondent’s self-interest. However, German and Portuguese respondents disagree on austerity measures, with the exception of social spending cuts. Taken all together, we come to the conclusion that recent years have brought a new legitimacy to the use of EU bailout measures which are now a given European practice

Online Matchmaking: It's Not Just for Dating Sites Anymore! Connecting the Climate Voices Science Speakers Network to Educators

Scientists play an integral role in the development of climate literacy skills - for both teachers and students alike. By partnering with local scientists, teachers can gain valuable insights into the science practices highlighted by the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), as well as a deeper understanding of cutting-edge scientific discoveries and local impacts of climate change. For students, connecting to local scientists can provide a relevant connection to climate science and STEM skills. Over the past two years, the Climate Voices Science Speakers Network (climatevoices.org) has grown to a robust network of nearly 400 climate science speakers across the United States. Formal and informal educators, K-12 students, and community groups connect with our speakers through our interactive map-based website and invite them to meet through face-to-face and virtual presentations, such as webinars and podcasts. But creating a common language between scientists and educators requires coaching on both sides. In this presentation, we will present the "nitty-gritty" of setting up scientist-educator collaborations, as well as the challenges and opportunities that arise from these partnerships. We will share the impact of these collaborations through case studies, including anecdotal feedback and metrics