37 research outputs found
The mechanism of activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 by interleukin-1 and TollLike receptor agonists
Toxin-neutralizing antibodies protect against Clostridium perfringens-induced necrosis in an intestinal loop model for bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis
The C-terminal domain of Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin as a vaccine candidate against bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis
Capsule endoscopy : diagnosis of intestinal localisation of systemic follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Effects of a constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine on the minimum alveolar concentration in sevoflurane anaesthetized ponies
Effects of a constant-rate infusion of dexmedetomidine on the minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in ponies
Reasons for performing study: Dexmedetomidine has been administered in the equine as a constant-rate infusion (CRI) during inhalation anaesthesia, preserving optimal cardiopulmonary function with calm and coordinated recoveries. Inhalant anaesthetic sparing effects have been demonstrated in other species, but not in horses.
Objectives: To determine the effects of a CRI of dexmedetomidine on the minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in ponies.
Methods: Six healthy adult ponies were involved in this prospective, randomised, crossover, blinded, experimental study. Each pony was anaesthetised twice (3 weeks washout period). After induction with sevoflurane in oxygen (via nasotracheal tube), the ponies were positioned on a surgical table (T0), and anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (expired sevoflurane fraction 2.5%) in 55% oxygen. The ponies were randomly allocated to treatment D (dexmedetomidine 3.5 mu g/kg bwt i.v. [T10T15] followed by a CRI of dexmedetomidine at 1.75 mu g/kg bwt/h) or treatment S (bolus and CRI of saline at the same volume and rate as treatment D). After T60, MAC determination, using a classic bracketing technique, was initiated. Stimuli consisted of constant-current electrical stimuli at the skin of the lateral pastern region. Triplicate MAC estimations were obtained and averaged in each pony. Monitoring included pulse oximetry, electrocardiography, anaesthetic gas monitoring, arterial blood pressure measurement and arterial blood gases. Normocapnia was maintained by mechanical ventilation. Analysis of variance (treatment and period as fixed factors) was used to detect differences between treatments (= 0.05).
Results: An intravenous (i.v.) dexmedetomidine CRI decreased mean +/- s.d. sevoflurane MAC from 2.42 +/- 0.55 to 1.07 +/- 0.21% (mean MAC reduction 53 +/- 15%).
Conclusions and potential relevance: A dexmedetomidine CRI at the reported dose significantly reduces the MAC of sevoflurane