The Digital Business Architect – Towards Method Support for Digital Innovation and Transformation

Part 2: Short PapersInternational audienceDigitalization is currently the most important driver of economic growth. Inspired by increasing digital networking and smart automation possibilities, omnipresent access technologies and dynamic customer requirements, modern enterprises work more and more on additional and new digital business models. The aim is to exploit potentials for new and especially digital business models much faster and to cope with the resulting challenges. This requires a technical integration of different disciplines, new qualification profiles and new methodical approaches. The paper proposes the aggregation of selected approaches from the areas of digital business model development, capability management and enterprise architecture management as a methodical basis for the training profile of a “Digital Business Architect” and “Digital Innovation and Transformation Process (DITP)”

Symmetric Nuclear Matter from the Strong Interaction

We study the equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter at zero temperature over a wide range of densities using two complementary theoretical approaches. At low densities up to twice nuclear saturation density, we compute the energy per particle based on modern nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interactions derived within chiral effective field theory. For higher densities we derive for the first time constraints in a Fierz-complete setting directly based on quantum chromodynamics using functional renormalization group techniques. We find remarkable consistency of the results obtained from both approaches as they come together in density and the natural emergence of a maximum in the speed of sound $c_S$ at supranuclear densities with a value beyond the asymptotic $c_S^2 = 1/3$. The presence of a maximum appears tightly connected to the formation of a diquark gap.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

Symmetric Nuclear Matter from the Strong Interaction.

We study the equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter at zero temperature over a wide range of densities using two complementary theoretical approaches. At low densities, up to twice nuclear saturation density, we compute the energy per particle based on modern nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interactions derived within chiral effective field theory. For higher densities, we derive for the first time constraints in a Fierz-complete setting directly based on quantum chromodynamics using functional renormalization group techniques. We find remarkable consistency of the results obtained from both approaches as they come together in density and the natural emergence of a maximum in the speed of sound c_{S} at supranuclear densities. The presence of this maximum appears tightly connected to the formation of a diquark gap. Notably, this maximum is observed to exceed the asymptotic value c_{S}^{2}=1/3 while its exact position in terms of the density cannot yet be determined conclusively

Visual Snow is Alleviated by Adapting to Visual Noise

Visual snow syndrome—characterised by flickering specks throughout the visual field and accompanied by other symptoms—can disrupt daily life and affects roughly 2% of the population. However, its neural bases remain mysterious, and treatments are lacking. Here we present a method to quickly and reliably eliminate the visual snow symptom for a period of time. Prolonged viewing of a visual stimulus can strongly reduce sensitivity to subsequent stimuli, and we tested whether such adaptation could affect visual snow. Participants with visual snow (total n = 27) viewed high-contrast dynamic noise patterns, resembling television static, and then judged the strength of the symptom. Visual snow was temporarily reduced in strength to the point that it was invisible in many conditions for most observers. The effect followed typical trends of adaptation for physical stimuli in normally sighted observers. Effect duration increased monotonically with duration of exposure to the adapter and it was specific to dynamic noise; adapting to a high contrast striped pattern had little effect on visual snow. Adaptation provides reliable experimental control over visual snow, and so is a promising tool for understanding its neural origins, developing diagnostic tests, and may also provide a basis for treatment

The psychosis human connectome project: Design and rationale for studies of visual neurophysiology

Visual perception is abnormal in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. In addition to hallucinations, laboratory tests show differences in fundamental visual processes including contrast sensitivity, center-surround interactions, and perceptual organization. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain visual dysfunction in psychotic disorders, including an imbalance between excitation and inhibition. However, the precise neural basis of abnormal visual perception in people with psychotic psychopathology (PwPP) remains unknown. Here, we describe the behavioral and 7 tesla MRI methods we used to interrogate visual neurophysiology in PwPP as part of the Psychosis Human Connectome Project (HCP). In addition to PwPP (n = 66) and healthy controls (n = 43), we also recruited first-degree biological relatives (n = 44) in order to examine the role of genetic liability for psychosis in visual perception. Our visual tasks were designed to assess fundamental visual processes in PwPP, whereas MR spectroscopy enabled us to examine neurochemistry, including excitatory and inhibitory markers. We show that it is feasible to collect high-quality data across multiple psychophysical, functional MRI, and MR spectroscopy experiments with a sizable number of participants at a single research site. These data, in addition to those from our previously described 3 tesla experiments, will be made publicly available in order to facilitate further investigations by other research groups. By combining visual neuroscience techniques and HCP brain imaging methods, our experiments offer new opportunities to investigate the neural basis of abnormal visual perception in PwPP