Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en estudiantes universitarios de primer año

Objetive: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of first-year university students at the University of Chile in 2015 Material and Method: Observational, transversal, and analytical study of first year students, 17 to 18 years of age, attending 14 Faculties, 2 Institutes, and 1 Bachelor Program of the University of Chile. Delivery of Kidscreen-52 test by email to 3,738 students, of which 1,277 replied (34.16%). The Winsteps program model and Rasch punctuation were used. Results: The dimensions Physical Well-being, State of Mood and Emotions, and Autonomy scored less than 42 Rasch points, and the other two dimensions – Psychological Well-being and Friends and Social Support - had significantly lower scores than those found in Chilean adolescents of a comparable age, in women, in students of lower socio-economical levels in municipal public schools with a Scholar Vulnerability Index, or those with a disability, health problem, or chronic illness. The differences are greater in Faculties with heavier academic demands. Discussion: This first study gives new information in an area seldom studied, which is important for students, academics, and authorities. It is suspected that similar results would be found in other university settings. Conclusions: HRQoL studies are feasible to apply in institutions of higher education, to benefit both students and educators. This study contributes to the diagnosis and evaluation of public policies on student support, and for teaching strategies. In the near future, HRQoL instruments could be applied with other students and other members of the university community, in combination with studies on risk factors.Objetivo: Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS) en estudiantes universitarios de primer año. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en estudiantes de 17 a 18 años de primer año de 14 Facultades, 2 Institutos y 1 Programa de Bachillerato. Se aplicó el test Kidscreen-52, enviado por correo electrónico a 3.738 estudiantes. Contestaron 1.277 (34,16%). Análisis con programa WINSTEPS y expresión con puntajes Rasch. Resultados: Las dimensiones Bienestar Físico, Estado de Ánimo y Emociones y Autonomía con menos de 42 puntos Rasch, y otras dos, Bienestar Psicológico, Amigos y Apoyo Social tuvieron puntajes significativamente menores a lo encontrado en adolescentes chilenos de edad comparable, en mujeres, escolares de establecimientos municipales de bajo nivel socioeconómico, con Índice de Vulnerabilidad Escolar (IVE) o con discapacidad o problema de salud o enfermedad crónica. Las diferencias son mayores en Facultades con más demanda académica. Este primer estudio revela información no conocida, trascendente para estudiantes, académicos y sus autoridades. Se sospecha que posiblemente ocurre en otras universidades. Conclusiones: Los estudios de Calidad de Vida estudiantil son factibles de aplicar en instituciones de educación superior en beneficio de educandos y educadores. Este estudio es un insumo para diagnóstico y evaluación de las políticas salud y apoyo estudiantil y aporta a la orientación de la docencia. En el futuro podrían aplicarse instrumentos de medición de la Calidad de Vida en estudiantes de otras edades y en otros estamentos universitarios con test validados en Chile, combinado con estudios de Factores de Riesgo

Implementation strategies and outcomes of school-based programs for adolescent suicide prevention: A scoping review protocol.

ObjectiveThis scoping review aims to identify and map the empirical literature on the implementation strategies and outcomes of school-based programs for adolescent suicide prevention (SBASP).IntroductionSchool-based programs are preferred interventions for preventing suicide in adolescents, and their effectiveness has been well-systematized in several reviews. Implementation research is a growing field for prevention programs, making it possible to understand the nature of success or failure outcomes and maximize intervention benefits. However, there is a knowledge gap in the implementation research applied to adolescent suicide prevention in the educational context. We conduct a scoping review to provide the first overview of the scope of implementation research applied to adolescent suicide prevention programs in the school setting to know what implementation strategies and outcomes are reported by these programs and how they are evaluated.MethodsThe proposed scoping review will be conducted following six stages, including the definition of objectives. Studies must be empirical and address implementation strategies or implementation outcomes of school-based programs for adolescent suicide prevention. Studies that focused exclusively on clinical efficacy or effectiveness evaluation will be excluded. A preliminary search of PubMed was conducted to refine the initial search strings, followed by a final search of several other electronic databases. Finally, a gray literature search will identify unpublished literature and reduce location bias. There will be no limits to a specific date. Two independent reviewers will screen, select, and extract the retrieved records. The results will be presented using tabular forms and a narrative summary with attention to the review objectives and research questions and their implications for research and practice of school-based programs for adolescent suicide prevention

Health-related quality of life of first-year university students

Objetivo: Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS) en estudiantes universitarios de primer año. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en estudiantes de 17 a 18 años de primer año de 14 Facultades, 2 Institutos y 1 Programa de Bachillerato. Se aplicó el test Kidscreen-52, enviado por correo electrónico a 3.738 estudiantes. Contestaron 1.277 (34,16%). Análisis con programa WINSTEPS y expresión con puntajes Rasch. Resultados: Las dimensiones Bienestar Físico, Estado de Ánimo y Emociones y Autonomía con menos de 42 puntos Rasch, y otras dos, Bienestar Psicológico, Amigos y Apoyo Social tuvieron puntajes significativamente menores a lo encontrado en adolescentes chilenos de edad comparable, en mujeres, escolares de establecimientos municipales de bajo nivel socioeconómico, con Índice de Vulnerabilidad Escolar (IVE) o con discapacidad o problema de salud o enfermedad crónica. Las diferencias son mayores en Facultades con más demanda académica. Este primer estudio revela información no conocida, trascendente para estudiantes, académicos y sus autoridades. Se sospecha que posiblemente ocurre en otras universidades. Conclusiones: Los estudios de Calidad de Vida estudiantil son factibles de aplicar en instituciones de educación superior en beneficio de educandos y educadores. Este estudio es un insumo para diagnóstico y evaluación de las políticas salud y apoyo estudiantil y aporta a la orientación de la docencia. En el futuro podrían aplicarse instrumentos de medición de la Calidad de Vida en estudiantes de otras edades y en otros estamentos universitarios con test validados en Chile, combinado con estudios de Factores de Riesgo.Objetive: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of first-year university students at the University of Chile in 2015 Material and Method: Observational, transversal, and analytical study of first year students, 17 to 18 years of age, attending 14 Faculties, 2 Institutes, and 1 Bachelor Program of the University of Chile. Delivery of Kidscreen-52 test by email to 3,738 students, of which 1,277 replied (34.16%). The Winsteps program model and Rasch punctuation were used. Results: The dimensions Physical Well-being, State of Mood and Emotions, and Autonomy scored less than 42 Rasch points, and the other two dimensions – Psychological Well-being and Friends and Social Support - had significantly lower scores than those found in Chilean adolescents of a comparable age, in women, in students of lower socio-economical levels in municipal public schools with a Scholar Vulnerability Index, or those with a disability, health problem, or chronic illness. The differences are greater in Faculties with heavier academic demands. Discussion: This first study gives new information in an area seldom studied, which is important for students, academics, and authorities. It is suspected that similar results would be found in other university settings. Conclusions: HRQoL studies are feasible to apply in institutions of higher education, to benefit both students and educators. This study contributes to the diagnosis and evaluation of public policies on student support, and for teaching strategies. In the near future, HRQoL instruments could be applied with other students and other members of the university community, in combination with studies on risk factors

Psychometric evidence of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II): an item response theory analysis in university students from Chile

Abstract Background Experiential avoidance (EA) is a psychological mechanism associated with several mental health disorders and is regarded as a relevant target by third-generation cognitive behavioral therapies. It has been mainly assessed through self-report questionnaires, and the AAQ-II is the most used tool. Its psychometric evidence has been mostly tested through the classical test theory (CTT) and very scarcely assessed through Item Response Theory (IRT). Methods We used the Graded Response Model to examine its psychometric properties in Spanish-speaking university students (n = 1503; women = 995 (66.2%), mean age = 19.29, SD = 2.45). We tested whether the empirical data fit the model’s predictions and estimated the dispersion of persons and items along the experiential avoidance continuum. Moreover, we examined category probability curves to identify the response probability of each answer. Likewise, an item-person map was made where the measurement of persons and items, both on the same scale and along the experiential avoidance continuum, could be observed jointly. Finally, we tested the gender invariance of the scale. Results We found that the values of the individuals and the items were in the established range to be considered an adequate measure of EA. Additionally, we observed high discrimination indices for all items. The current version with seven answer options could not be optimal and should be tested in future studies. Finally, we found evidence of differential functioning by gender in one of the seven items of the instrument. Conclusions Our results indicate that the AAQ-II is a suitable tool for measuring EA and accurately classifying and differentiating EA levels in university students