65 research outputs found
Clustering Memes in Social Media
The increasing pervasiveness of social media creates new opportunities to
study human social behavior, while challenging our capability to analyze their
massive data streams. One of the emerging tasks is to distinguish between
different kinds of activities, for example engineered misinformation campaigns
versus spontaneous communication. Such detection problems require a formal
definition of meme, or unit of information that can spread from person to
person through the social network. Once a meme is identified, supervised
learning methods can be applied to classify different types of communication.
The appropriate granularity of a meme, however, is hardly captured from
existing entities such as tags and keywords. Here we present a framework for
the novel task of detecting memes by clustering messages from large streams of
social data. We evaluate various similarity measures that leverage content,
metadata, network features, and their combinations. We also explore the idea of
pre-clustering on the basis of existing entities. A systematic evaluation is
carried out using a manually curated dataset as ground truth. Our analysis
shows that pre-clustering and a combination of heterogeneous features yield the
best trade-off between number of clusters and their quality, demonstrating that
a simple combination based on pairwise maximization of similarity is as
effective as a non-trivial optimization of parameters. Our approach is fully
automatic, unsupervised, and scalable for real-time detection of memes in
streaming data.Comment: Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances
in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM'13), 201
Causality between Cash Flow and Earnings: Evidence from Tehran (Iran) Stock Exchange.
This article employs data from 155 companies from 27 different industries listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) for the period from 2000 to 2009 to examine the direction of causality between cash flow and earnings after taking consideration of stationarity and co-integration. The results indicate that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between cash flow and earnings at the level of all individual companies, so that cash flow variables caused earning variables and vice versa. However, at the level of industrial sectors, causality exists only between earning before interest and taxation (EBIT) and cash flow from operating activities (CFOA)
Online Popularity and Topical Interests through the Lens of Instagram
Online socio-technical systems can be studied as proxy of the real world to
investigate human behavior and social interactions at scale. Here we focus on
Instagram, a media-sharing online platform whose popularity has been rising up
to gathering hundred millions users. Instagram exhibits a mixture of features
including social structure, social tagging and media sharing. The network of
social interactions among users models various dynamics including
follower/followee relations and users' communication by means of
posts/comments. Users can upload and tag media such as photos and pictures, and
they can "like" and comment each piece of information on the platform. In this
work we investigate three major aspects on our Instagram dataset: (i) the
structural characteristics of its network of heterogeneous interactions, to
unveil the emergence of self organization and topically-induced community
structure; (ii) the dynamics of content production and consumption, to
understand how global trends and popular users emerge; (iii) the behavior of
users labeling media with tags, to determine how they devote their attention
and to explore the variety of their topical interests. Our analysis provides
clues to understand human behavior dynamics on socio-technical systems,
specifically users and content popularity, the mechanisms of users'
interactions in online environments and how collective trends emerge from
individuals' topical interests.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, Proceedings of ACM Hypertext 201
Point of Care Diagnostics in the Age of COVID-19.
The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated serious respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a major threat to global public health. Owing to the lack of vaccine and effective treatments, many countries have been overwhelmed with an exponential spread of the virus and surge in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Current standard diagnostic methods are inadequate for widespread testing as they suffer from prolonged turn-around times (>12 h) and mostly rely on high-biosafety-level laboratories and well-trained technicians. Point-of-care (POC) tests have the potential to vastly improve healthcare in several ways, ranging from enabling earlier detection and easier monitoring of disease to reaching remote populations. In recent years, the field of POC diagnostics has improved markedly with the advent of micro- and nanotechnologies. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, POC technologies have been rapidly innovated to address key limitations faced in existing standard diagnostic methods. This review summarizes and compares the latest available POC immunoassay, nucleic acid-based and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats- (CRISPR)-mediated tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection that we anticipate aiding healthcare facilities to control virus infection and prevent subsequent spread
EAIMS: Emergency Analysis Identification and Management System
Social media has great potential as a means to enable civil
protection and law enforcement agencies to more effectively
tackle disasters and emergencies. However, there is currently
a lack of tools that enable civil protection agencies
to easily make use of social media. The Emergency Analysis
Identification and Management System (EAIMS) is a prototype
service that provides real-time detection of emergency
events, related information finding and credibility analysis
tools for use over social media during emergencies. This
system exploits machine learning over data gathered from
past emergencies and disasters to build effective models for
identifying new events as they occur, tracking developments
within those events and analyzing those developments for
the purposes of enhancing the decision making processes of
emergency response agencies
NF-ΓΒΊB-dependent mechanism of action of c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4: Highlighting a promising effect of c-Myc inhibition in Leukemia cells, irrespective of p53 status
Due to the frequent contribution in the pathogenesis of different human malignancies, c-Myc is among those transcription factors that are believed to be pharmacologically targeted for cancer therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we examined the anti-leukemic effect of a well-known c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 on a panel of hematologic malignant cells harboring either mutant or wild-type p53. Notably, we found that the suppression of c-Myc was coupled with the reduction in the survival of all the tested leukemic cells; however, as far as we are aware, this study suggests for the first time that the cytotoxic effect of 10058-F4 was not significantly affected by the molecular status of p53. Delving into the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitor in the most sensitive cell line revealed that 10058-F4 could induce apoptotic cell death in mutant p53-expressing NB4 cells through the suppression of NF-ΓΒΊB pathway coupled with a significant induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, we found that the anti-leukemic effect of 10058-F4 was overshadowed, at least partially, through the compensatory activation of the PI3K signaling pathway; highlighting a plausible attenuating role of this axis on 10058-F4 cytotoxicity. In conclusion, the results of the present study shed light on the favorable anti-leukemic effect of 10058-F4, especially in combination with PI3K inhibitors in acute promyelocytic leukemia; however, further investigations should be accomplished to determine the efficacy of the inhibitor, either as a single agent or in a combined-modal strategy, in leukemia treatment. ΓΒ© 2020, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. All rights reserved
Contribution value of akt, c-myc, cip2a, and pp2a genes expression in leukemogenesis: A bright perspective on the molecular pattern of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (aml)
Background: The heterogeneous nature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the hurdle to find a suitable treatment strategy for this malignancy put this type of leukemia at the top of the list of the priorities for finding a valuable biomarker to improve its treatment and predict the outcome of the patients. Objectives: Given the involvement of the variety of signaling pathways, foremost the PI3K axis in the pathogenesis of human can-cers, we aimed to investigate the expression of the most important downstream targets of this pathway to propose a plausible mechanism underlying AML pathogenesis. Methods: In this case-control study, the blood samples from 30 patients diagnosed with AML were collected and after extracting their RNAs, the expression levels of Akt, c-Myc, CIP2A, and PP2A were evaluated using qRT-PCR analysis. For the control group, we also collected blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers. Afterward, by applying statistical analysis, we determined the probable correlation between the expressions of the aforementioned genes. Results: There was a significant elevation in the expression levels of Akt, c-Myc, and CIP2A coupled with the meaningful reduction in the expression level of PP2A in AML samples. However, we failed to find any significant association between the expression level of the indicated genes and age, sex, and the percentage of the blasts. Conclusions: As the most straightforward interpretation of our results, we propose that probably the association between PI3K and c-Myc which is built through the interaction between CIP2A and PP2A may play a pivotal role in the pathogenies of AML and any component of this axis could serve as a potential new target for more profound treatment strategy. However, further detailed inves-tigations in this field are required to clarify the exact role of this interesting testis-specific pathway in the context of hematological malignancies, in particular AML. ΓΒ© 2020, Author(s)
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΅ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ COVID-19: ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
Β Β Background.Β Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of clinical criteria for tracheal intubation in critically ill patients with respiratory failure became more noteworthy, especially in resource limitations. The objective was to evaluate the importance of hemoglobin oxygen saturation as a criterion for tracheal intubation in patients with COVID-19.Β Β Materials and methods.Β This is a multi-center, prospective, observational cohort study. We included 117 patients with COVID-19 who needed respiratory support between March to June 2021. Patients were intubated by the protocol of each institution participating in the study and the anesthesiologistβs clinical judgement. Signs of respiratory failure, methods of respiratory support and patient outcome were recorded.Β Β Results.Β Among 117 studied cases, 100 patients had hemoglobin oxygen saturation of 60β90 % in whom 58 were intubated. During hospitalization, 56 intubated patients and 14 non-intubated patients died (96.6 % Vs. 33.3 %).Β Β Conclusion.Β Arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation of 60β90 could not be the correct key to unlock the problem of intubation decision in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, hemoglobin oxygen saturation should not be solely regarded as an indication for intubation in COVID-19.Β Β Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ COVID-19 Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π΅ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ².Β Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π΅ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ COVID-19.Β Β ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π΅ 117 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ COVID-19, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ 2021 Π³. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°. Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².Β Β Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ· 117 ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Ρ 100 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 60β90 %, 58 ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ 56 ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ 14 Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ (96,6 % ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 33,3 %).Β Β ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
60β90 % Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ COVID-19 ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
The Prevalence Rate of Human Brucellosis in Sanandaj County, West of Iran
Abstract: Brucellosis is one of the most important diseases in some parts of Iran including Kurdistan province. The disease can be transmitted by indirect or direct contact to infected animals or their products. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence rate of human brucellosis in Sanandaj County. The data were collected fro
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