Atomizing Performance of Non-Heating Fog Machine

The paper deals with the closed-spaced atomizing performance of a non-haeting fog machine which was extensively used for protection in a vinyl greenhouse. The electrode near the nozzle of this machine could spray with electrostatic charge, which makes it possible to check through the atomizing performance with or without electrostatic charge. The test results showed that:(1) particles within a size of 10 ～ 30μm could be dispersed extensively;(2) electrostatic charge could make spray particle size smaller and make atomization and adherability to back side of our copper test plate better than that of spray particles without electrostatic charge.本文はビニールハウス内の防除用として広く使われている常温煙霧機について，ビニールハウス内で噴霧し，噴霧された微細粒子をミラーコート紙およびアースした銅板上に捕捉して拡大し粒径と粒数を求めて，常温煙霧機の微粒化性能を明らかにした．供試機はノズル出口の近傍に帯電用の電極を持ち，静電散布が可能という常温煙霧機であり，噴霧粒子を帯電させた場合とさせなかった場合について微粒化性能を調べた．試験結果によって，常温煙霧機の微粒化性能が明らかになり，10～30μmの揃った粒子が広く拡散していることがわかった．また，噴霧粒子を帯電させた場合は，粒径が若干小さくなり，微粒化が良くなることがわかった．裏面への付着性も良くなることが確かめられ

Effects of Prolonged High Phosphorus Diet on Phosphorus and Calcium Balance in Rats

The amount of phosphorus contained in food as food additives is currently increasing and a high intake of phosphorus can cause various diseases. To determine the effects of a prolonged high phosphorus diet, here we investigated the phosphorus and calcium balance and expression of type IIa sodium-dependent phosphate transporter (Npt IIa) in mature rats. Wistar male rats (8-weeks old) were divided into five groups and fed diets containing 0.6% calcium plus 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 or 1.5% phosphorus for 4 weeks. Urinary and fecal phosphorus excretions were significantly increased by the high phosphorus diets (from 0.6 to 1.5%), dependent on the amount of dietary phosphorus. The net absorption of intestinal phosphorus was also significantly increased by high phosphorus diets. As a result, a negative phosphorus balance was observed in rats given the 1.2% or 1.5% phosphorus diets. Serum parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations were increased by high phosphorus diets. In addition, high phosphorus diets decreased the expression of Npt IIa mRNA and protein in the renal brush border membrane. Taken together, these results suggest that diets containing 1.2 or 1.5% phosphorus plus 0.6% calcium have potentially adverse effects on phosphorus homeostasis in mature rat

Epidemiology of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates from food-producing animals in Japan

A total of 225 isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from food-producing animals collected between 2003 and 2007 were examined for the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants, namely qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA and aac(6')Ib-cr, in Japan. Two isolates (0.8%) of S. Typhimurium DT104 from different dairy cows on a single farm in 2006 and 2007 were found to have qnrS1 on a plasmid of approximately 9.6-kbp. None of the S. Typhimurium isolates had qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qepA and acc(6')-Ib-cr. Currently in Japan, the prevalence of the PMQR genes among S. Typhimurium isolates from food animals may remain low or restricted. The PFGE profile of two S. Typhimurium DT104 isolates without qnrS1 on the farm in 2005 had an identical PFGE profile to those of two S. Typhimurium DT104 isolates with qnrS1. The PFGE analysis suggested that the already existing S. Typhimurium DT104 on the farm fortuitously acquired the qnrS1 plasmid

PEMANFAATAN MODEL KELAS SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KARAKTER DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 74 KOTA BENGKULU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengembangkan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, (2) Mengembangkan karakter siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, (3) Mengembangkan kecerdasan emosional siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, dan (4) Meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif antara 2 orang dosen PGSD, 2 orang guru SD, da 5 orang mahasiswa PGSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Pengembangan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dilakukan melalui empat tahap yaitu : orientasi, elaborasi dan interpretasi, aplikasi ide dan evaluasi, (2) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat mengembangkan karakter siswa, (3) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat mengembangkan kecerdasan emosional siswa, dan (4) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Saran yang disampaikan yakni : (1) Guru dan calon guru diharapkan memanfaatkan model kelas dalam pembelajaran IPS, dan (2) Kepala sekolah diharapkan mendorong guru untuk selalu menerapkan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan model kelas

Metagenomic analysis of bacterial species in tongue microbiome of current and never smokers

Cigarette smoking affects the oral microbiome, which is related to various systemic diseases. While studies that investigated the relationship between smoking and the oral microbiome by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing have been performed, investigations involving metagenomic sequences are rare. We investigated the bacterial species composition in the tongue microbiome, as well as single-nucleotide variant (SNV) profiles and gene content of these species, in never and current smokers by utilizing metagenomic sequences. Among 234 never smokers and 52 current smokers, beta diversity, as assessed by weighted UniFrac measure, differed between never and current smokers (pseudo-F = 8.44, R² = 0.028, p = 0.001). Among the 26 species that had sufficient coverage, the SNV profiles of Actinomyces graevenitzii, Megasphaera micronuciformis, Rothia mucilaginosa, Veillonella dispar, and one Veillonella sp. were significantly different between never and current smokers. Analysis of gene and pathway content revealed that genes related to the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway in Veillonella dispar were present more frequently in current smokers. We found that species-level tongue microbiome differed between never and current smokers, and 5 species from never and current smokers likely harbor different strains, as suggested by the difference in SNV frequency

カテイ ソウゴウ キョウカショ ニ ミラレル イクジ シエン ノ コウサツ

The purpose of this study is to analyze the support for the child care in textbook "Integrated Home Economics" for upper secondary schools. The results were as follows. 1 The guarantee for the rights of the child: The descriptions of the low and the clhild abuse were many, but the background of those were little. 2 The support for the child care: The needs and measures were described mainly. It is difficult for students of upper secondary schools to realize the support for the child care.国立情報学研究所『研究紀要公開支援事業』により電子化

Phylogenetic groups and cephalosporin resistance genes of Escherichia coli from diseased food-producing animals in Japan

A total of 318 Escherichia coli isolates obtained from different food-producing animals affected with colibacillosis between 2001 and 2006 were subjected to phylogenetic analysis: 72 bovine isolates, 89 poultry isolates and 157 porcine isolates. Overall, the phylogenetic group A was predominant in isolates from cattle (36/72, 50%) and pigs (101/157, 64.3%) whereas groups A (44/89, 49.4%) and D (40/89, 44.9%) were predominant in isolates from poultry. In addition, group B2 was not found among diseased food-producing animals except for a poultry isolate. Thus, the phylogenetic group distribution of E. coli from diseased animals was different by animal species. Among the 318 isolates, cefazolin resistance (minimum inhibitory concentrations: ≥32 μg/ml) was found in six bovine isolates, 29 poultry isolates and three porcine isolates. Of them, 11 isolates (nine from poultry and two from cattle) produced extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). The two bovine isolates produced blaCTX-M-2, while the nine poultry isolates produced blaCTX-M-25 (4), blaSHV-2 (3), blaCTX-M-15 (1) and blaCTX-M-2 (1). Thus, our results showed that several types of ESBL were identified and three types of β-lactamase (SHV-2, CTX-M-25 and CTX-M-15) were observed for the first time in E. coli from diseased animals in Japan

A pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu’s returned sample

Volatile and organic-rich C-type asteroids may have been one of the main sources of Earth’s water. Our best insight into their chemistry is currently provided by carbonaceous chondritic meteorites, but the meteorite record is biased: only the strongest types survive atmospheric entry and are then modified by interaction with the terrestrial environment. Here we present the results of a detailed bulk and microanalytical study of pristine Ryugu particles, brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Ryugu particles display a close compositional match with the chemically unfractionated, but aqueously altered, CI (Ivuna-type) chondrites, which are widely used as a proxy for the bulk Solar System composition. The sample shows an intricate spatial relationship between aliphatic-rich organics and phyllosilicates and indicates maximum temperatures of ~30 °C during aqueous alteration. We find that heavy hydrogen and nitrogen abundances are consistent with an outer Solar System origin. Ryugu particles are the most uncontaminated and unfractionated extraterrestrial materials studied so far, and provide the best available match to the bulk Solar System composition