Nalaz specifičnih antitela protiv Leptospira interrogans u krvnom serumu goveda

U petogodišnjem periodu na području devet opština Južnobačkog regiona serološki je ispitano 24208 uzoraka krvnih seruma goveda, što čini 31,18 posto od ukupnog reproduktivnog fonda goveda. Uzorci su ispitani metodom mikroskopske aglutinacije, živim antigenima 9 serotipova leptospira: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. sejroe, L. tarassovi, L. australis, L. bataviae, L. canicola i L. hardjo. Specifična antitela protiv leptospira utvrđena su kod 286 ili 1,18 posto uzoraka seruma goveda. Nivo seroprevalencije infekcije izazvane leptospirama na godišnjem nivou bio je od 2,56 posto do 0,05 posto. Najveći broj seropozitivnih grla iznosio je 151 grlo, ili 3,54 posto i ustanovljen je u opštini Novi Sad. Tokom posmatranog perioda kod goveda je dijagnostikovano prisustvo četiri serotipa leptospira: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa i L. hardjo. Najzastupljeniji serotip je L. hardjo 41,02 posto, dok su serotipovi L. grippotyphosa 34,61 posto, L. icterohaemorrhagiae 14,74 posto i L. pomona 9,61 posto dijagnostikovani u nižem procentu. Zapažen je trend porasta broja inficiranih grla leptospirama za 0,195 posto na godišnjem nivou. Na osnovu prikazane analize može da se predvidi sa verovatnoćom od 95 posto da će leptospiroza kod goveda za naredni period u Južnobačkom epizootiološkom području biti u intervalu od 0,09 posto do 3,50 posto.Serological investigations were performed on 24,208 samples of cattle blood serum, representing 31.18% of the reproductive cattle fund in the teritory of nine municipalities in the Southern Backa region over a period of five years. The samples were examined using the method of microscopic agglutination, with live antigens of nine leptospira serotypes: L.pomona, L.icterohaemorrhagiae, L.grippotyphosa, L.sejroe, L.tarassovi, L.australis, L.bataviae, L.canicola, and L.hardjo. Specific antibodies against leptospira were established in 286 or 1.18% samples of cattle serum. The level of seroprevalence of leptospira infection at an annual level ranged from 2.56% to 0.05%. The biggest number of seropositive cattle were registered in the municipality of Novi Sad – 151 cattle, or 3.54%. In the course of the observation period, the presence of four serotypes of leptospira were diagnozed in catle: L.pomona, L.icterohaemorrhagiae, L.grippotyphosa, L.hardjo. The most represented serotype was L.hardjo, 41.02%, while the serotypes L.grippotyphosa (34.61%), L.icterohaemorrhagiae (14.74%) and L.pomona (9.61%) were diagnozed in smaller percentages. An increasing tendency was observed in the number of cattle infected with leptospira at an annual level of 0.195%. On the basis of the presented analysis, it can be predicted with a probability of 95%, that leptospirosis in cattle will appear within the range of 0.09% to 3.50% in the epizootiological region of Southern Backa in the coming period

Metode za dijagnostiku parvoviroze pasa

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of different laboratory methods for diagnosing parvovirus infection in dogs. Experimental infection was induced in 12 puppies. After the onset of manifest disease symptoms, the dogs were subjected to daily clinical observation, and virus detection was performed using immunochromatography and haemmaglutination test, while immunofluorescence was applied for the detection of the virus within the intestinal epithelium. The clinical form of the parvovirus infection was provoked in all dogs that were in contact with sick animals, and all affected animals died. Symptoms observed in affected dogs included apathy appetite loss, vomiting, dehydration and profuse, haemorrhagic diarrhoea. Immunochromatography and haemagglutination confirmed the presence of the virus in the faeces one day after manifestation of clinical symptoms in 100% of the affected dogs. On day 2 the virus was detected in 85% and 53% of the sick animals by the methods of haemagglutination and immunochromatography respectively. Before death, the virus was detected by haemagglutination and immunochromatography in 61% and 15% dogs, respectively. Immunofluorescence assay revealed the presence of the virus in tissue samples of small intestines in all infected animals.Parvoviroza pasa je teško, kontagiozno oboljenje i javlja se u manjim ili većim enzootijama u čitavom svetu. Oboljevaju sve starosne kategorije pasa ali prvenstveno štenad. Iako su simptomi oboljenja veoma izraženi, tačna dijagnoza se ne može postaviti samo na osnovu kliničkog pregleda. Etiološka dijagnoza se bazira na dokazivanju virusa. U cilju ispitivanja vrednosti različitih laboratorijskih metoda za dijagnostiku parvovirusne infekcije pasa, eksperimentalno je izazvano oboljenje kod 12 štenadi. Posle pojave simptoma bolesti, psi su bili podvrgnuti svakodnevnoj kliničkoj opservaciji i vršeno je dokazivanje virusa u fecesu imunohromatografskom metodom metodom hamaglutinacije i u crevnom epitelu metodom imunofluorescencije. Klinički oblik parvovirusne infekcije izazvan je i kod svih pasa koji su bili u kontaktu sa obolelom životinjom i sve obolele životinje su uginule (mortalitet 100%). Kod obolelih pasa je uočena apatija, odsustvo apetita povraćanje, dehidracija i registrovan je profuzan, hemoragičan proliv. Imunohromatografskom metodom i metodom hemaglutinacije, virus je dokazan u fecesu prvog dana nakon pojave kliničkih simptoma bolesti kod 100% obolelih pasa. Drugog dana metodom hemaglutinacije virus je dokazan kod 85% obolelih pasa, a imunohromatografskom metodom kod 53% životinja. Pred uginuće metodom hemaglutinacije virus je dokazan kod 61% pasa, a imunohromatografskom metodom samo kod 15% pasa. Metodom imunofluorescencije virus je dokazan u uzorcima tankog creva kod svih zaraženih pasa

Viral vaccines and their mode of action

Advantages and deficiency of different types of viral vaccines currently in use or in development in veterinary medicine are described. We emphasize the role of adjuvants in inactivated and genetically engineered vaccines as well as the role of marker vaccines in detection of infected animals in the herd and eradication of certain viral diseases

Swine leptospirosis in southern bačka district from 1997 to 2001

In a 5 year period 48748 swine blood samples were examined, or 24.52% of the breeding stock. The samples were examined by the method of microscope agglutination, with "live" antigen of 8 leptospira serotypes: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhragiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. sejroe, L. tarassovi, L. australis, L. bataviae and L. canicola. During the investigation specific antibodies for leptospira were diagnosed in 280 (0.57%) samples of swine sera. The highest level of seroprevalence for leptospirosis in swine was in the year 1998 with 130 (1.27%) seropositive swines. The lowest seroprevalence level was detected in the years 1999 and 2000 with only 13 seropositive animals (0.13-0.14%). During this period the highest number of seropositive swines was found in the Bečej area, 241 (0.92%). In this period 3 serotypes of leptospira were present: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. grippotyphosa. Serotype L. icterohaemorrhagiae was most present on the investigated area (in 94.32% cases), followed by L. pomona (5.31%) while serotype L. grippotyphosa appeared only sporadically in only 0.35% cases. In this period a trend of slight decrease was noticed in swine prevalence for leptospirosis amounting to 0.048% annually. Based on these analyses, it may be expected with 95% certainty that the level of prevalence for leptospirosis in the coming period in this epizootiological area will range from 0.00% to 0.82% of the infected animals

LYME DISEASE – THE GREAT IMITATOR**

Abstract: Lyme disease, or Lyme borreliosis can occur in domestic animals and in people, with no characteristic symptoms. That is why Lyme disease is often diagnosed and treated as some other disease. Clinical symptoms of this disease are not specific and they can look like a number of different diseases, which is why the disease is called – the great imitator. The reservoirs of the disease are ticks Ixodes ricinus. During the research from 2005 to 2007 it was established that the prevalence with Lyme borreliosis exists within the tick population. The objective of this paper is a survey of the presence of Lyme disease in different populations of different animal species (horses, cattle, sheep and dogs) in the region where the infection of ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi was established in the percentage of 25-28%. The methods used were the ones for the determination of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks, with a dark field microscopy, and also the presence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi was determinated with

Immunoenzyme: Elisa diagnostics in veterinary medicine

The ELISA technique is one of the most commonly used laboratory-diagnostical methods for diagnosing many infective diseases in humans and animals today. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity this technique is considered a method of choice in diagnosing many viral diseases. The phases and components of the ELISA technique are constantly improved because of its mass use, as well as the high demands of laboratory diagnostics. Therefore it is necessary to continually inform the expert public of all the innovations, forms and possibilities of the ELISA technique. This paper describes the factors that caused the genesis of the ELISA technique and shows its forms. The methodological and practical aspects of the ELISA technique, when applied in laboratory diagnostics of veterinary medicine are also presented

Findings of specific antibodies against Leptospira interrogans in cattle blood sera

U petogodišnjem periodu na području devet opština Južnobačkog regiona serološki je ispitano 24208 uzoraka krvnih seruma goveda, što čini 31,18 posto od ukupnog reproduktivnog fonda goveda. Uzorci su ispitani metodom mikroskopske aglutinacije, živim antigenima 9 serotipova leptospira: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. sejroe, L. tarassovi, L. australis, L. bataviae, L. canicola i L. hardjo. Specifična antitela protiv leptospira utvrđena su kod 286 ili 1,18 posto uzoraka seruma goveda. Nivo seroprevalencije infekcije izazvane leptospirama na godišnjem nivou bio je od 2,56 posto do 0,05 posto. Najveći broj seropozitivnih grla iznosio je 151 grlo, ili 3,54 posto i ustanovljen je u opštini Novi Sad. Tokom posmatranog perioda kod goveda je dijagnostikovano prisustvo četiri serotipa leptospira: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa i L. hardjo. Najzastupljeniji serotip je L. hardjo 41,02 posto, dok su serotipovi L. grippotyphosa 34,61 posto, L. icterohaemorrhagiae 14,74 posto i L. pomona 9,61 posto dijagnostikovani u nižem procentu. Zapažen je trend porasta broja inficiranih grla leptospirama za 0,195 posto na godišnjem nivou. Na osnovu prikazane analize može da se predvidi sa verovatnoćom od 95 posto da će leptospiroza kod goveda za naredni period u Južnobačkom epizootiološkom području biti u intervalu od 0,09 posto do 3,50 posto.Serological investigations were performed on 24,208 samples of cattle blood serum, representing 31.18% of the reproductive cattle fund in the teritory of nine municipalities in the Southern Backa region over a period of five years. The samples were examined using the method of microscopic agglutination, with live antigens of nine leptospira serotypes: L.pomona, L.icterohaemorrhagiae, L.grippotyphosa, L.sejroe, L.tarassovi, L.australis, L.bataviae, L.canicola, and L.hardjo. Specific antibodies against leptospira were established in 286 or 1.18% samples of cattle serum. The level of seroprevalence of leptospira infection at an annual level ranged from 2.56% to 0.05%. The biggest number of seropositive cattle were registered in the municipality of Novi Sad – 151 cattle, or 3.54%. In the course of the observation period, the presence of four serotypes of leptospira were diagnozed in catle: L.pomona, L.icterohaemorrhagiae, L.grippotyphosa, L.hardjo. The most represented serotype was L.hardjo, 41.02%, while the serotypes L.grippotyphosa (34.61%), L.icterohaemorrhagiae (14.74%) and L.pomona (9.61%) were diagnozed in smaller percentages. An increasing tendency was observed in the number of cattle infected with leptospira at an annual level of 0.195%. On the basis of the presented analysis, it can be predicted with a probability of 95%, that leptospirosis in cattle will appear within the range of 0.09% to 3.50% in the epizootiological region of Southern Backa in the coming period

Findings of specific antibodies against Leptospira interrogans in cattle blood sera

Serological investigations were performed on 24,208 samples of cattle blood serum, representing 31.18% of the reproductive cattle fund in the territory of nine municipalities in the Southern Bačka region over a period of five years. The samples were examined using the method of microscopic agglutination, with live antigens of nine Leptospira serotypes: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. sejroe, L. tarassovi, L. australis, L. bataviae, L. canicola, and L. hardjo. Specific antibodies against leptospira were established in 286 or 1.18% samples of cattle serum. The level of seroprevalence of leptospira infection at an annual level ranged from 2.56% to 0.05%. The biggest number of seropositive cattle were registered in the municipality of Novi Sad-151 cattle, or 3.54%. In the course of the observation period, the presence of four serotypes of ieptospira were diagnozed in catlt: L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. hardjo. The most represented serotype was L. hardjo, 41.02%, while the serotypes L. grippotyphosa (34.61%), L. icterohaemorrhagiae (14.74%) and L. pomona (9.61%) were diagnosed in smaller percentages. An increasing tendency was observed in the number of cattle infected with leptospira at an annual level of 0.195%. On the basis of the presented analysis, it can be predicted with a probability of 95%, that leptospirosis in cattle will appear within the range of 0.09% to 3.50% in the epizootiological region of Southern Bačka in the coming period

Indirektno dokazivanje prisustva virusnog arteritisa konja (EAV) kod pastuva u jednom zapatu

The cause of this infective disease, which is spread all over the world, is a RNK virus from the family of Arterivirdae. Most often the illness has a sub clinical form, or sometimes with the increase of body temperature, limbs edema, conjunctivitis, disorders of respiratory and digestive system and also abortion in mares are possible. In stallions, after acute infection, the virus can often settle in accessories genital glands and it can stay there for life time of the stallion and practically during each and every mateing the virus can be transmitted to the mare. It has been proved that the stallions are latent transmitters and they have a central role in spreading of this disease in the countries with developed horse breeding. In this paper the clinical signs are described, epizootiology and the results of virology analysis to the presence of antibodies against EVA in 14 stallion blood samples from one herd. The results were analyzed in relation to the race, age and origin of each stallion, with relation to the importation. Detection of EVA antibodies with "Bucyris" referent strain was done by micro serum neutralization test on RK 13 cell culture. From 14 examined serum samples, in 3 (21,42%) the antibody titer was greater then 1:4 which is internationally acknowledged as positive titer. The suggestions for measures in control and suppression of Equine Viral Arteritis in our country, which are in proportion with the EU regulations, are also mentioned.Uzročnik ove zarazne bolesti, raširene po celom svetu, je RNK virus iz familije:Arterivirdae. Bolest najčešće prolazi subklinički, ili sa povišenom telesnom temperaturom, edemima na ekstremitetima, konjunktivitisom poremežajima respiratornog i digestivnog trakta, a mogući su i abortusi kobila. Kod pastuva virus maze nakon akutne infekcije, često i doživotno da se nastani u akcesornim polnim žlezdama, i praktično pri svakom pripustu da se prenosi na kobile. Odnosno, dokazano je da su pastuvi latentni prenosioci i da imaju centralnu ulogu u širenju ove bolesti u zemljama sa razvijenim konjarstvom. U radu je opisana klinička slika, epizootiologija i rezultati virusološkog ispitivanja krvnih senima 13 pastuva jednog zapata na prisustvo antitela protiv EAV. Analizirani su podaci u odnosu na rasu, starost i poreklo grla, odnosno eventualni uvoz. Detekcija antitela na EAV prema referentnom soju "Bucyris" vršena je testom mikroserum neutralizacije na RK13 kul turi ćelija. Od 13 ispitivanih uzoraka seruma, kod 3 (23,07%) utvrđen je titar antitela veći od 1:4 koji je i međunarodno priznat kao pozitivan. Takođe, predložene su i mere za kontrolu i suzbijanje EAV u našoj zemlji, u skladu sa propisima u EU

Sand Fly and Leishmania Spp. Survey in Vojvodina (Serbia): First Detection of Leishmania Infantum Dna in Sand Flies and The First Record of Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) Mascittii Grassi, 1908

Background Leishmaniasis in Serbia was an endemic disease, and is considered to be eradicated for more than 40 years. In the past decade sporadic cases of canine leishmaniasis started to emerge for the first time in Vojvodina Province (previously non-endemic region of Serbia). Reports of introduced, and later on autochthonous cases of leishmaniasis alerted the possibility of disease emergence. The aim of this study was to bridge more than a half a century wide gap in entomological surveillance of sand fly vectors in Vojvodina, as well as to verify the presence of the vector species that could support Leishmania spp. circulation. Results During the period 2013–2015, a total of 136 sand flies were collected from 48 of 80 surveyed locations. Four sand fly species of the genus Phlebotomus were detected: P. papatasi, P. perfiliewi, P. mascittii and P. neglectus. Detection of P. mascittii represents the first record of this species for the sand fly fauna in Vojvodina and in Serbia. All female specimens (n = 80) were tested for Leishmania spp. DNA, and three blood-fed P. papatasi specimens were positive (4%). One positive DNA sample was successfully amplified by ITS1 nPCR. The RFLP analysis of the resulting 350 bp fragment showed a typical pattern of L. infantum, and the ITS1 partial sequence blasted in GenBank confirmed 100% identity with L. infantum and L. donovani complex sequences. This result represents the first record of both Leishmania spp. and L. infantum DNA from sand flies in Vojvodina, and in Serbia. Conclusions Presence of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis cases, records of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) species proven vectors of L. infantum (P. perfiliewi and P. neglectus) and detection of L. infantum DNA from wild caught (non-competent) vectors, prove that L. infantum is present in Vojvodina and indicates a probable circulation in the region.PubMedWoSScopu