Reference model for ranking the level of safety and health at work in micro and small construction companies

Problem bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u građevinarstvu zbog specifičnosti same industrije je uvek bio signifikantan. Analizom strukture građevinskih preduzeća u cilju otkrivanja potencijalnog rizika došlo se do zaključka da u osnovi svega stoje mikro i mala preduzeća koja nemaju finansijsku moć niti se bave ozbiljno pitanjima bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu a predstavljaju veliki udeo u ukupnom broju građevinskih preduzeća.     Definisanje značajnosti kao i potpuna identifikacija faktora omogućuje rangiranje nivoa bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u navedenim preduzećima čiji krajnji cilj je unapređenje bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u okviru navedenih preduezeća. U disertaciji je prikazano istraživanje u cilju izrade referentnog modela za rangiranje bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u mikro i malim građevinskim preduzećima.The problem of occupational safety and health has always been significant in the construction industry due to the specific nature of the industry itself. Analyzing the structure of construction companies in order to discover the potential risk, it was concluded that micro and small enterprises are at the root of everything. Micro and small enterprises represent a large share of the total number of construction companies without financial power and do not seriously address occupational safety and health issues. Defining the significance as well as the complete identification of factors enables the ranking of the level of safety and health at work in the mentioned companies whose ultimate goal is to improve safety and health at work.  The dissertation presents research aimed at developing reference models for ranking occupational safety and health in micro and small construction companie

Reference model for ranking the level of safety and health at work in micro and small construction companies

Problem bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u građevinarstvu zbog specifičnosti same industrije je uvek bio signifikantan. Analizom strukture građevinskih preduzeća u cilju otkrivanja potencijalnog rizika došlo se do zaključka da u osnovi svega stoje mikro i mala preduzeća koja nemaju finansijsku moć niti se bave ozbiljno pitanjima bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu a predstavljaju veliki udeo u ukupnom broju građevinskih preduzeća.     Definisanje značajnosti kao i potpuna identifikacija faktora omogućuje rangiranje nivoa bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u navedenim preduzećima čiji krajnji cilj je unapređenje bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u okviru navedenih preduezeća. U disertaciji je prikazano istraživanje u cilju izrade referentnog modela za rangiranje bezbednosti i zdravlja na radu u mikro i malim građevinskim preduzećima.The problem of occupational safety and health has always been significant in the construction industry due to the specific nature of the industry itself. Analyzing the structure of construction companies in order to discover the potential risk, it was concluded that micro and small enterprises are at the root of everything. Micro and small enterprises represent a large share of the total number of construction companies without financial power and do not seriously address occupational safety and health issues. Defining the significance as well as the complete identification of factors enables the ranking of the level of safety and health at work in the mentioned companies whose ultimate goal is to improve safety and health at work.  The dissertation presents research aimed at developing reference models for ranking occupational safety and health in micro and small construction companie

Third-degree AV block the case of syncope in the ambulance practice: Case report

INTRODUCTION: syncope is defined like a transitory loss of consciousness and postural muscles tone, limited in its duration and with spontaneous recovery. Pathophysiological mechanism of syncope involve discontinuance of cerebral circulation for the 3-5 seconds. Possible etiology factors are numerous, among them are heart diseases, specially rhythm disorders. Initial treatment of these patients include evaluation of the state of consciousness, physical examination, measurement of blood pressure and blood glucose level, ECG and treatment based on the etiology of syncope. The aim of this presentation is to point the of cardiac conduction system disorder, 3rd degree heart block like a cause of syncope and to show, based on the guidebook, the treatment of the patients, up to the hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: comparation of the 2 patients with syncope accompanied with ECG markers of cardiac conduction disorder, more specific 3rd degree AV block. RESULTS: pointed toward importance of elimination of etiology factors of syncope, recognition of the heart disease like a cause of syncope and initial treatment of these patients. In the first case, ambulance staff intervene in the patient with a chest (retrosternal) pain, fatigue which ended with he loss of consciousness while he was sitting. Physical examination showed that patient had stable vital signs and ECG was showing the 3rd degree AV block with RBBB (right bundle branch block) and ischemia of the front myocard wall. After being treated with i.v. Atropine, patient restore a sinus rhythm. The second patient had a 3 episodes of loss of consciousness before he reached the hospital. Initial ECG showed synus rhythm, qR in III outlet and aVF, negative (reverse) T in III outlet and reduced R from V4-V6. Third episode of syncope was at the very entrance of the IR. Patient had compromised peripheral perfusion with cyanosis, but respiratory satisfied. CPR started. He gain consciousness after 20 sec. After few hours of monitoring, Dg of intermittent 3rd AV bloch was established. CONCLUSION: fast recognition and adequate treatment of both patients in the prehospital service which gave the conditions for the final treatment with a permanent pacemaker in The KCS pacemaker center

Uticaj prve rodne etaže na kvalitativno-kvantitativna svojstva semena soje

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of height of the first fertile floor on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of soybean seeds. For qualitative traits the focus was on the energy of germination and seed germination of the studied genotypes investigated per soybean plant and the first fertile floor of the plant. Results of research indicated that there were significant differences between genotypes observed by morphological characteristics (plant height, height of first fertile floor, number of fertile floors, number of pods and seeds, seed weight, etc.) as well as qualitative properties (energy of germination and seed germination). Cultivar Gorštak, with genetically incorporated height of the first fertile floor (12.38 cm), was superior to other two genotypes. A similar trend was found in other morphological analyses. Based on energy of germination and seed germination of all fertile floors per plant, there were no significant differences between soybean genotypes. However, of paramount importance are the established values of these parameters relevant to the first fertile floor. Cultivar Gorštak had significantly higher energy of germination (90.46%) and total germination (91.00%) compared to the other two genotypes.Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrđivanje uticaja visine PRVE rodne etaže na kvalitativno-kvantitativna svojstva semena soje. Kod kvalitativnih svojstava akcenat je stavljen na energiju klijanja i ukupnu klijavost semena istraživanih genotipova posebno po biljci i prvoj rodnoj etaži. Sumiranjem rezultata istraživanja, utvrđene su značajne razlike između genotipova, posmatrano po morfološkim karakteristikama (visina biljaka, visina prve rodne etaže, broj rodnih etaža, broj mahuna i semena, masa semena i dr) kao i kod kvalitativnih svojstava - energije klijanja i ukupna klijavost semena. Sorta Gorštak sa genetički inkorporiranom visokom prvom rodnom etažom (12,38 cm) bila je dominantna u odnosu na druga dva genotipa. Sličan trend je utvrđen i kod drugih morfoloških analiza. Energija klijanja i ukupna klijavost semena svih rodnih etaža, posmatrano po genotipovima, nije pokazala značajne razlike. Međutim, od izuzetnog značaja su utvrđene vrednosti ovih parametara kada je reč o prvoj rodnoj etaži. Sorta Gorštak imala je vrlo značajnu veću vrednost energije klijanja (90,46%) kao i ukupnu klijavost semena (91,00 %) u odnosu na druga dva genotipa

Starenje semena uljane repice

The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of oilseed rape seeds, produced at various locations, immediately after harvest and after a one-year storage period under controlled and uncontrolled conditions. The experimental testing was performed on seeds of five winter oilseed rape varieties produced at two localities (Rimski Šančevi and Pančevo). Following harvest and a one-year storage period, the seed quality was determined under laboratory conditions using standard germination tests. Seed germination, seedling length and vigour index were determined after seven days. The seed germination, length of seedling and vigour index values of the seeds produced at both localities were lower after one year of storage. Differences obtained between the seeds stored under controlled and uncontrolled conditions were not statistically significant. The seeds with higher initial values of all the tested parameters proved better under storage conditions.Cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi kvalitet semena neposredno posle žetve i nakon godinu dana skladištenja, u kontrolisanim i nekontrolisanim uslovima, kod semena proizvedenog na različitim lokalitetima. Ispitivanja su izvedena na semenu, pet sorti ozime uljane repice, proizvedenog na dva lokaliteta (Rimski Šančevi i Pančevo). Nakon žetve i godinu dana skladištenja, u laboratorijskim uslovima, utvrđen je kvalitet semena primenom standardnog laboratorijskog metoda. Nakon 7 dana utvrđeni su klijavost semena, dužina ponika i vigor indeks. Klijavost semena kod sorata proizvedenih na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi kretala se 91,00 - 95,50%. Nakon godinu dana starenja kod semena čuvanog u kontrolisanim uslovima klijavost je bila niža i iznosila je 85,00 - 91,75%, dok je kod semena čuvanog u nekontrolisanim uslovima klijavost iznosila 84,50 - 90,75%. Klijavost semena kod sorata proizvedenih na lokalitetu Pančevo je bila značajno manja i neposreno posle žetve je iznosila 73,75 - 82,50%. Nakon godinu dana starenja klijavost je statistički značajno opala i kod semena čuvanog u kontrolisanim (51,25 - 71,0%) i nekontrolisanim uslovima (53,50 - 71,25%). Dužina ponika i vigor indeks su bili niži nakon godinu dana sklaištenja kod semena proizvedenog na oba lokaliteta. Razlike dobijene između semena čuvanog u kontrolisanim i nekontrolisanim uslovima nisu bile statistički značajne. Seme koje je imalo više početne vrednosti ispitivanih parametara bolje je podnelo uslove sklaištenja

Risk Assessment Model for Planning and Design Processes of Wastewater Treatment Plants

Before joining the European Union, Serbia faces a big task related to the treatment and purification of wastewater. The capital of Serbia, Belgrade, and some larger cities do not have wastewater treatment plants. Although there are no plants in larger cities in Serbia, they still exist on the territory of the state itself. However, either they are not in good condition, or they do not work with the projected capacity or they do not work at all. This paper presents the model for risks quantification for the planning and design processes of wastewater treatment plants in which the risks are divided into 6 categories: legal, financial and economic, logistics, environmental protection, management and design risks. 37 risks have been defined, analyzed and evaluated by the experts participating in the Delphi method. Experts in various fields dealing with the planning, design or construction of wastewater treatment plants were selected to assess the risks through 2 rounds of Delphi methods and reach the consensus on major risks. By using statistical methods, it is determined that the experts reached the consensus after which each risk received its own relative weighting coefficient. Risk model has been initially verified by experts from Delphi team on two projects during construction phase. This model is important in the initial phases of the project, when the investor starts the project, as well as in the design phases

Infekcija ovaca sa Strongyloides papillosus - uticaj intenziteta parazitske infekcije i terapije albendazolom na vrednosti osnovnih hematoloških parametara

The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the basic haematological parameters in conditions of natural infection of sheep with Strongyloides papillosus, as well as after the administration of antihelminthic albendazole (ABZ). Based on the intensity of infection with S. papillosus the sheep were divided into three groups: mild, moderate and high, and after that the sheep received a single dose of ABZ of 5mg/kg per body weight, per orally. Sampling of faeces and blood for parasitological and haematological assaying respectively, was performed on the 0 and the 21st day after the treatment with ABZ. The presence of parasitic infection with S. papillosus leads to a decrease of erythrocyte count, while the lowest values were established in the group with the highest intensity of parasitic infection (p ˂ 0.001). After treatment with ABZ the decrease of erythrocyte count was more prominent, which was, based on comparison with control groups C1 and C2, unequivocally established to be the consequence of treatment with ABZ. Detected values of haematocrit and erythrocyte indices indicated the presence of parasitic infection: the lowest values were established in the group with the highest intensity of parasitic infection. After treatment with ABZ haematocrit levels in control group C2 were statistically significantly lower compared to the control group C1 (p ˂ 0.001). In the presence of parasitic infection, the neutrophil and eosinophil counts increased almost linearly up to the value of 44.24±2.50% and 13.29±0.61% respectively, in the group of sheep with the highest intensity of parasitic infection (p ˂ 0.001; compared to control group C1). After treatment with ABZ the decrease of the number of these white blood cells is statistically significant (p ˂ 0.001). Bearing in mind our previous research and the connection of disbalanced redox equilibrium after the treatment with ABZ with changes, it is necessary to include antioxidative substances in the anti-parasitic treatment protocols.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrde i procene osnovni hematološki parametri u uslovima prirodne infekcije ovaca sa Strongyloides papillosus, kao i nakon primene antihelmintika albendazola (ABZ). Na osnovu intenziteta infekcije sa S. papillosus ovce su podeljene u tri grupe: niski, srednji i visoki intenzitet infekcije, a zatim su ovce jednokratno dobile peroralno ABZ, u terapijskoj dozi od 5 mg/kg telesne mase. Uzorkovanje fecesa za parazitološka i za hematološka ispitivanja obavljeno je nultog i 21. dana od primene ABZ. Utvrđeno je da prisustvo parazitske infekcije sa S. papillosus dovodi do pada broja eritrocita, pri čemu su najniže vrednosti utvrđene u grupi sa najvećim intenzitetom parazitske infekcije (p ˂ 0,001). Nakon terapije sa ABZ pad broja eritrocita je izraženiji, što je nesumnjivo nastalo kao posledica terapije ABZ (na osnovu poređenja C1 i C2). Utvrđene vrednosti hematokrita i eritrocitnih indeksa su ukazivali na postojanje parazitske infekcije; najniže vrednosti su utvrđene kod grupe sa najvećim intenzitetom parazitske infekcije. Nakon terapije sa ABZ vrednosti hematokrita kod C2 bile su statistički značajno niže u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu C1 (p ˂ 0,001). U prisustvu parazitske infekcije broj neutrofila i eozinofila povećava se gotovo linearno, do vrednosti od 44,24±2,50% kod neutrofila, odnosno od 13,29±0,61% kod eozinofila u grupi ovaca sa najvećim intenzitetom parazitske infekcije (p ˂ 0,001). Nakon terapije sa ABZ broj ovih ćelija bele krvne loze smanjuje se statistički značajno (p ˂ 0,001). Imajući u vidu naša prethodna istraživanja i povezanost narušene redoks ravnoteže posle terapije sa ABZ sa promenama utvrđenim u ovom istraživanju, neophodno je u antiparazitske terapijske protokole uključiti antioksidativne supstance

Assessment of quality and viability of primed maize seed [Ocena kvaliteta i životne sposobnosti semena kukuruza nakon prajminga]

Good crop establishment is essential for achieving high yield and constraints to good establishment include untimely sowing and low seed quality combined with various adverse growing conditions after sowing. Seed priming is a pre-sowing technique used for the improvement of germination, reduction of the time from sowing to emergence and improvement of emergence uniformity. Various seed priming techniques, such as hydropriming and priming with zinc, are used nowadays to improve crop establishment. The importance of seed priming with zinc for better germination, improved stand establishment, and higher maize yield are well documented. However, there is still a lack of results on the effects of seed priming with water and zinc on seed quality and viability, given that maize seed can be kept in storage for many years without a significant reduction in germination. The study was aimed to evaluate the effects of seed priming with water and Zn on the quality and viability of the maize seed. In order to evaluate the response of four maize hybrids to priming with water (hydropriming) and 4 mM zinc sulphate, primed seeds were subjected to laboratory tests, namely to the germination test, the cold test, and the accelerated aging test. Both priming treatments increased the seed quality, but the beneficial effect of Zn-priming maintained to a larger extent than hydropriming in cold-treated and aged seeds. The negative effects of hydropriming on the viability of the aged seed of hybrid NS 4023 imply a possible limitation to deferred sowing of primed maize seed

Somatic embryogenesis from stamen filaments of Aesculus flava Sol. and peroxidase activity during the transition from friable to embryogenic callus

Species of the genus Aesculus are among the most attractive ornamental woody plants. Conventional propagation methods of these species are either inefficient (stem cuttings) or unsuitable for clonal propagation (seeds). The aim of the present study was to develop an efficient protocol for clonal propagation of elite specimens of yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava) by somatic embryogenesis. For this purpose, stamen filaments of yellow buckeye were cultivated on media supplemented with 1, 5 or 10 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 0, 1, 5 or 10 μM 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin), either under light or dark conditions, for 8 weeks, and then subcultivated on plant growth regulator (PGR)-free medium with 400 mg/l of glutamine. The highest somatic embryo (SE) initiation rates were achieved for the explants cultivated in darkness on medium containing 1 μM 2,4-D + 10 μM Kin during callus induction (CI) phase. Embryogenic calli (EC) were initiated from friable calli, starting from the 7th week of culture initiation, while SEs appeared two weeks later, following a week of subcultivation of the explants on PGR-free medium. EC and SEs were observed only in the explants grown in darkness during CI phase. Minimal duration of CI phase and darkness necessary for SE induction was four weeks, while the highest embryogenic response was achieved when each lasted for 8–10 weeks. Obtained SEs were efficiently multiplied on medium supplemented with 0.05 μM 2,4-D + 5 μM Kin by recurrent somatic embryogenesis. SEs at globular stage of development exhibited the highest capacity for secondary SE regeneration. High germination and conversion rates were attained in cotyledonary-stage SEs cultivated on medium with 0.05 μM 2,4-D + 5 μM Kin, but this phase needs to be further optimised, since the obtained plants failed to acclimatize to greenhouse conditions. During the transition of calli from friable to embryogenic state, total peroxidase (POX) activity significantly decreased, indicating their involvement in the acquisition of embryogenic capacity. The presented protocol is suitable for clonal propagation and genetic transformation of this ornamental species, and POX activity may be used as a marker for SE initiation

Seed priming with zinc improves field performance of maize hybrids grown on calcareous chernozem

Delivery of micronutrients to plants through seed priming improves seedling vigour and increases crops yields. Two-year filed trial was conducted in Pančevo, Serbia, with aim to study the effect of seed priming with zinc (Zn) on field performance of three maize hybrids on calcareous chernozem deficient in plant available Zn. Seed priming treatments were: control (without priming), water priming and priming with 4 mM zinc sulphate water solu-tion. Seed priming had significant effect on early plant growth, plant height, yield components, grain yield and grain Zn concentra-tion. Zn-priming promoted plant growth and increased final plant height. Across two growing seasons with contrasting precipitation and three tested maize hybrids, Zn-priming resulted in an average increase of grain yield by about 18% compared to control, and by about 8.4% compared to water priming. A significant relationship between plant growth parameters, grain yield components and grain yield was detected. Grain Zn concentration was increased by Zn-priming in two hybrids in the season with less precipitation and in one hybrid in the second season. The results imply that using the seeds with elevated Zn content can improve overall field performance of maize grown on calcareous chernozem