71 research outputs found
Proton and carbon-ion minibeam therapy: from modeling to treatment
Arrays of minibeams of protons and C in tissue-like media were modeled
with Geant4 toolkit. A set of beam energies was used in simulations to provide
a Spead-out Bragg peak (SOBP) extended by 6 cm in depth for protons as well as
for C. In both cases, beams of 0.3 mm or 0.5 mm FWHM were arranged at
the entrance to a water phantom either on a rectangular or an hexagonal grid to
compare two kinds of projectiles and different minibeam patterns. Differential
and cumulative dose-volume histograms (DVH) were calculated and compared for
protons and C as dose uniformity metrics. A uniform dose distribution
was easily achieved with protons due to an enhanced lateral scattering of these
projectiles in comparison to C. The cumulative DVHs calculated for 0.3
mm or 0.5 mm minibeams almost coincide in the target volume, but diverge for
different grid patterns. In contrast, cumulative entry DVHs were found similar
for both grid patterns, but different for 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm minibeams.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, talk given at the XXV International Baldin
Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems "Relativistic Nuclear Physics and
Quantum Chromodynamics", September 18-23, 2023, Dubna, Russi
Development of High Granulated Straw Chambers of Large Sizes
We have developed the baseline design for the straw drift tube tracking
detectors for high rate environment application. The low-mass inner straw
elements and the technology of the multianode straws assembly was devised and
checked. The prototype chamber was constructed and studied the granularity of
similar chambers can be reduced to one cm2.
Submitted to Physics of Elementary Particles and Atomic Nuclei, LettersComment: 6 pages, 10 figure
Transanal surgery in the treatment of rectal tumors
In last two decades, transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in treatment of both benign and malignant tumor of rectum is actively developing. The aim of this review was to describe the current status of transanal interventions. Due to the low level of recurrens (mean about 6 %) TEM has become the method of choice for removal of rectal adenomas. Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of treatment TEM in cases of early T1 cancer compared to conventional resection. However, for more invasive adenocarcinomas performing TEM remains controversial, but it’s very promising method for the complex treatment. Just as transanal mesorectal exision in treatment of mid- and low rectal cancer as a new strategy – natural orifice transluminal surgery. However, it lack of evidence base and international experience in small series presented, so large randomized trials is needed
On detection of narrow angle e+e- pairs from dark photon decays
A class of models of dark sectors consider new very weak interaction between
the ordinary and dark matter transmitted by U'(1) gauge bosons A' (dark
photons) mixing with our photons. If such A's exist, they could be searched for
in a light-shining-through-a-wall experiment with a high energy electron beam
from the CERN SPS. The proposed search scheme suggests detection of the e+e-
pairs produced in the A' -> e+e- decay with a very small opening angle.
Coordinate chambers based on the thin-wall drift tubes with a minimal material
budget and a two-hit resolution for e+ and e- tracks separated by more than 0.5
mm are considered as an option for detecting such pairs
Efficacy of Angio-Seal Device for Primary And Complicated Haemostasis: a Multicentre Retrospective Assay
Background. Femoral approach in endovascular surgery remains relevant being, however, associated with the risk of fatal and nonfatal complications. Modern techniques for instrumental haemostasis achieved with the AngioSeal device (Terumo Corporation, Japan) provide an opportunity to reduce the number of fatal and nonfatal complications. Aim. A multicentre assay of the efficacy and safety of instrumental puncture closure using AngioSeal devices (Terumo Corporation, Japan) in various settings and clinical situations.Materials and methods. A multicentre retrospective analysis of 1088 use cases of the AngioSeal device (Terumo Corporation, Japan) for “primary” and “complicated” instrumental haemostasis after femoral access has been conducted for the years 2018–2020. The mean patient age was 62.3 ± 11.6 years, including 845 men (78.0%) and 243 women (22.0%). Five centres for routine and emergency endovascular radiology participated in the study.Results. The AngioSeal device (Terumo Corporation, Japan) demonstrated a high method efficiency, with a 97.0% success rate of “primary” instrumental haemostasis (1055 of 1088 total successful haemostatic procedures) in various clinical settings. Arterial thrombosis at the approach side had a 3.0% complication rate (5 of 33 observations), all other complication types associated with haemorrhagic events (8 cases) or device malfunction and damage (20 cases).Discussion. The assay conducted suggests that the incidence of “complicated” instrumental haemostasis relates to technical drawbacks of the device application that required advance planning. The key identified prerequisites for a successful AngioSeal application (Terumo Corporation, Japan) are the alignment of anchor tubedelivery through soft tissue into the vessel lumen and its positioning inside the vessel.Conclusion. The constructive features and instrumental haemostatic technique realised in the AngioSeal device (Terumo Corporation, Japan) enable an effective and safe primary sealing of arterial puncture site in 97% cases
Medical workers of health care institutions as a risk group for chemo-resistant tuberculosis: analysis of incidence, a clinical case.
The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence of morbidity of medical workers of health care institutions and anti-tuberculosis institutions, as well as the analysis of resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains among medical personal of health facilities in the Dnipropetrovsk region. Retrospective analysis for 2015 - 2017 of electronic database of the patients register (TB-manager), outpatient cards and case histories of patients which underwent treatment in pulmonary-tuberculosis and surgical departments of CI «DnepropetrovskRegional Clinical Treatment and Prophylactic Association "Phthisiology"» DRC» was conducted . The incidence of tuberculosis among medical workers in health care institutions of Ukraine remains at a fairly high, stable level (426 cases of tuberculosis in 2016, 389 cases in 2017) on the background of the decrease in the incidence among the general population (59.5 people per 100 thousand population in 2014 and 51.9 per 100 thousand population in 2017 ). In Ukraine among tuberculosis patients – medical workers, the overwhelming majority are workers of establishments of the general medical network (GMN) - 351 people, while in anti-tuberculosis institutions (ATI) in 2017, 38 cases of tuberculosis were registered. The article presents the clinical case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR) in staff member of the pathoanatomical bureau, one of the medical institutions of the city Dnipro
Medical workers of health care institutions as a risk group for chemo-resistant tuberculosis: analysis of incidence, a clinical case.
The purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence of morbidity of medical workers of health care institutions and anti-tuberculosis institutions, as well as the analysis of resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains among medical personal of health facilities in the Dnipropetrovsk region. Retrospective analysis for 2015 - 2017 of electronic database of the patients register (TB-manager), outpatient cards and case histories of patients which underwent treatment in pulmonary-tuberculosis and surgical departments of CI «DnepropetrovskRegional Clinical Treatment and Prophylactic Association "Phthisiology"» DRC» was conducted . The incidence of tuberculosis among medical workers in health care institutions of Ukraine remains at a fairly high, stable level (426 cases of tuberculosis in 2016, 389 cases in 2017) on the background of the decrease in the incidence among the general population (59.5 people per 100 thousand population in 2014 and 51.9 per 100 thousand population in 2017 ). In Ukraine among tuberculosis patients – medical workers, the overwhelming majority are workers of establishments of the general medical network (GMN) - 351 people, while in anti-tuberculosis institutions (ATI) in 2017, 38 cases of tuberculosis were registered. The article presents the clinical case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR) in staff member of the pathoanatomical bureau, one of the medical institutions of the city Dnipro
Псевдомембранозный колит, осложненный токсическим мегаколоном, после закрытия превентивной стомы
Toxic megacolon complicating pseudomembranous colitis is a very rare condition that confirms by a few reports. In our case report probably described a case after extraperitoneal preventive colostomy closure toxic megacolon was developed with fatal final.Псевдомембранозный колит, осложненный токсическим мегаколоном, является очень редким состоянием, что подтверждается немногими сообщениями. В нашей работе, возможно, впервые описан случай, где после внебрюшинного закрытия колостомы фульминантно развилась картина токсического мегаколона с летальным исходом
Трансанальные операции в лечении опухолей прямой кишки
In last two decades, transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in treatment of both benign and malignant tumor of rectum is actively developing. The aim of this review was to describe the current status of transanal interventions. Due to the low level of recurrens (mean about 6 %) TEM has become the method of choice for removal of rectal adenomas. Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of treatment TEM in cases of early T1 cancer compared to conventional resection. However, for more invasive adenocarcinomas performing TEM remains controversial, but it’s very promising method for the complex treatment. Just as transanal mesorectal exision in treatment of mid- and low rectal cancer as a new strategy – natural orifice transluminal surgery. However, it lack of evidence base and international experience in small series presented, so large randomized trials is needed.В последние два 10-летия активно развивается методика трансанальных эндоскопических операций (ТЭО) в лечении как доброкачественных, так и злокачественных опухолей прямой кишки. Цель данного обзора – описать текущий статус трансанальных вмешательств. ТЭО стала методом выбора для удаления «распластанных» аденом прямой кишки за счет низкой частоты рецидивирования (в среднем около 6 %). В ряде исследований показана ее эффективность в лечении раннего рака прямой кишки стадии рТ1 по сравнению с традиционными резекциями. Однако для более распространенных аденокарцином ТЭО остается противоречивой, но очень перспективной методикой в плане комплексного лечения. Новой стратегией – хирургией через естественные отверстия – стала трансанальная мезоректумэктомия при нижне- и среднеампулярном раке. Но до получения результатов рандомизированных исследований этот метод не может быть рекомендован к применению в рутинной практике, несмотря на оптимистичные результаты некоторых вмешательств
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