Effect of mechanical activation on the composition if mineral components in humic acids isolated from carbons

It is shown that the mechanical activation of oxidized and brown coals is accompanied by an increase in the yield of humic acids and in their content of functional groups. It was demonstrated by atomic-emission spectroscopy that, under a high-intensity mechanical treatment, mineral elements are redistributed in the coal substance and incorporated into the structure of humic acids

Determination of effect of Ballóta nígra extract on the state of lipid peroxidation and rats' antioxidant system under chronic immobilization stress

Ability to correct free-radical peroxidation of membrane lipids in rats' organism by oral administration of Ballóta nígra extract containing complex of natural antioxidants has been investigated in experimental conditions. In experiment animals were divided on 6 groups of six animals each. Rats of group 1, which is intact (conventional condition), and rats of group 2 (exposed to the stress by immobilization for 5 hours) were intraperitoneally injected through the probe with 1.5 ml of distilled water. Animals of groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were intraperitoneally injected through the probe with 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of Ballóta nígra extract, correspondingly, once daily prior to the stress exposition. Immobilization stress was modeled by the keeping rats for 5 hours in restraining cage. Animals of all groups were decapitated under ether anesthesia for 5 hours after modelling of immobilization stress, in other words – against the background of maximal stress exposition. Blood serum was used for investigation. Lipid peroxidation was determined, namely: level of primary oxidation products – diene conjugates (DC) and secondary products – malondialdehyde (MDA) and state of antioxidant system such as determination of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity with a spectrophotometric method. To detect changes of parameters to be examined these levels were estimated in control and test animals after 5, 15 and 30 days, correspondingly. Taking into account the results of investigation of catalase and SOD under chronic immobilization stress we can come to conclusion that these parameters correlate better than parameters of LPO (DC and TBA-AP), this indicates on significant antioxidant and stress-modelling action of Ballóta nígra liquid extract. It has been found that Ballóta nígra extract in the dose of 1.5 and 2 ml influences on the state of LPO and antioxidant system better

СРАВНЕНИЕ ТОЧНОСТИ МЕТОДА АБСОЛЮТНОЙ ГРАДУИРОВКИ И МОДИФИЦИРОВАННОГО МЕТОДА ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ СТАНДАРТНЫХ ДОБАВОК НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ 3-(2,2,2-ТРИ¬МЕТИЛ¬ГИДРАЗИНИЙ)¬ПРОПИОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В МОЧЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕЛИНЕЙНОСТИ ДЕТЕКТИРОВАНИЯ (ЭЛ

Contemporary determining of pharmaceuticals in biological liquids for the pur­poses of phar­maco­kine­tic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring implies the use of high-per­formance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with electrospray as a method of ionization. However, this techni­que is cha­rac­terized by a rather narrow linear detection range. It causes the restric­tions in quan­titation of analytes by method of absolute calibration.On the example of the determination of 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propio­nate (THP) in urine it is shown that the method of successive standard additi­ons provides more precise results comparing with those obtained with non-linear absolu­te calib­ration at the same levels of analyte concentrations. Its principal fea­ture is the need to extrapolate the results to an infinite value of ad­dition.Keywords: 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, LC-MS, detection non­­­linearity, successive standard addition, non-linear absolute calibration(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.2.008Тatiana Е. Morozova1, Georgy V. Karakashev1, Pavel N. Sorokoumov1,Elena I. Savelieva1, Igor G. Zenkevich2 1Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, Russian Federation, Leningrad Region., Vsevolozhsk district, town Kuzmolovsky, Art. Kapitolovo2St. Petersburg State University, Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg На примере ВЭЖХ-МС определения 3-(2,2,2-триметилгидразиний)про­пионовой кис­лоты (THP) в моче (способ ионизации электроспрей) показано, что применение модифицированного метода последовательных стан­дарт­ных до­бавок, включающего экстраполяцию результатов на бесконечно большую ве­личину добавки, позволяет получать результаты, характеризующиеся большей точнос­тью, чем при использовании нелинейной абсолютной градуиров­ки.Ключевые слова: 3-(2,2,2-триметилгидразиний)пропионовая кислота, ВЭЖХ-МС ана­лиз, нелинейность детектирования, метод последовательных стандартных доба­вок, нелинейная абсолютная градуировкаDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.2.00

Pollen and spore deposition in different areas of the Lena Delta

Studies of the annual pollen and spore deposition in different areas of the Lena Delta were undertaken for the first time in the Asian sector of the Arctic during the Russian-German ''LENA 98'' and ''LENA 99'' expeditions in the framework of the International ''Laptev Sea System-2000'' Project. To achieve this objective, three spore-pollen traps were set up along the meridional delta profile in accordance with the European Pollen Monitoring Programme for the period July 1998 to August 1999. A comparison between the results of spore-pollen analysis of the contents of traps and the surrounding vegetation was performed. The results confirmed the current spore-pollen spectra are comprised both of pollen and spores of the local plants and of long-distance pollen and spores. The dependence of the long-distance pollen deposition on the character of the wind regime of the region was established. The prevailing southerly and southeasterly wind direction determines the main pollen influx of tree species from the areas of their growth south of the delta. The features of the morphological structure and fossilization of pollen and the features of the productive capability and plant growing conditions are of large significance in the pollen transfer and deposition

Multimodal text as a means of political identification: an analysis of the Russian blogosphere

This article explores the phenomenon of online political activism, specifically political blogging, from the perspective of the author's concept of prosumer activity. It focuses on the multimodal texts of websites that convey political messages using a range of semiotic codes. The study aims to demonstrate how the political identity of the addresser is encoded and expressed in the information product. The analysis results in a typology of multimodal texts, classified into three types based on their political identity and intended purpose. The first type comprises blogs that have a clear ideological basis that marks the political identity of the producer, with a ‘concentrated’ multimodal text. The second type includes blogs that do not reflect the author's political identity, with an ‘amorphous’ multimodal text intended for political consumption and entertainment. The third type encompasses blogs that transmit ‘disperse’ multimodal text, which presents an ideological basis but is focused on political consumption rather than identity manifestation in communication and action. The proposed typology is confirmed through a comparative study of politically oriented blogs and those that address political topics occasionally. The study also identifies mechanisms that increase the communicative potential and persuasive power of the ideological and semantic content, using semiotic and discourse analysis

Heterogeneity of circulating tumor cells in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer

The biological properties of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and their dynamics during neoadjuvant chemotherapy are important, both for disease progression prediction and therapeutic target determination, with the aim of preventing disease progression. The aim of our study was to estimate of different CTC subsets in breast cancer during the NACT (neoadjuvant chemotherapy). The prospective study includes 27 patients with invasive breast cancer, T2-4N0-3M0, aged 32 to 60 years. Venous heparinized blood samples, taken before and after biopsy, after each courses of chemotherapy (on days 3-7), and before surgical intervention, served as the material for this study. Different subsets of circulating tumor cells were determined on the basis of the expression of EpCAM, CD45, CD44, CD24, and N-Cadherin using flow cytometry. As the result of this study, it has been observed that significant changes in the quantity of the different subsets of circulating tumor cells in patients' blood were observed after carrying out the 3rd course of NACT. NACT causes significant changes in the quantity of six CTC subsets, with various combinations of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties