Relationship between the national universities commission resource allocation parameters used in allocating funds to teaching and learning and research and development and the outcomes of federal universities in Nigeria

The National Universities Commission Resource Allocation Parameters were developed by the National Universities Commission (NUC), for the allocation of funds to all the federal universities in Nigeria. However, the outcomes of the universities in their core tasks of teaching and research have left much to be desired, considering the volume of funds allocated to them annually. The funding parameters were described as input driven and does not therefore consider the outcomes of the federal universities, especially in their core tasks of teaching and research. The basic aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the relationship between the NUC funding parameters with the outcomes of the federal universities in Nigeria. A mixed mode design was adopted by the study where qualitative data was first collected, analyzed and then, together with relevant literatures, used to develop a survey instrument for the quantitative phase of the study. The study surveyed 209 senior management staff of the federal universities in Nigeria, and the results were analyzed using the IBM SPSS for Windows and SEM-PLS3. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the number of factors for the study, from where the measurement and structural models were built to identify the relationship between the funding parameters and the outcomes of the federal universities. The findings revealed that there is a positive and a statistically significant relationship between academic support, academic facilities and academic research with the teaching outcomes of the federal universities, while only academic support and academic facilities showed a similar relationship with research outcomes. The study has thus been able to fill the knowledge gaps that exists in the relationship between the funding parameters used in allocating funds to teaching and research with the outcomes of the federal universities in Nigeria

The production of psychological knowledge as communicative interaction

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.While the traditional natural-scientific model of psychology has in recent decades been extensively criticized, the implications of this criticism for the criteria of epistemologically legitimate psychological knowledge have remained unclear. It is suggested that the production of psychological knowledge should be considered in terms of communicative interaction. Two basic modes of communicative interaction - one-directional and two directional - are proposed. Epistemologically legitimate psychological knowledge requires the adoption of the latter mode. Agreement between the investigator and the person(s) whose conduct is investigated is introduced as the pivotal criterion of the validity of psychological propositions. If psychological knowledge is based on the understanding of the meaning of actions, and if meaning may only be ascertained by means of two directional communicative interaction, agreement seems to be both (a) necessary and (b) sufficient criterion of epistemological validity. Three types of counter-arguments to this view are examined: Habermas's notion of universal rationality, Grunbaum's defence of the pistemological status of the unconscious and Smedslund's common sense psychology. None of these pose any serious challenge to the proposition of agreement as criterion of validity. It is concluded that agreement between the investigator and the other participants in an investigation is the basic criterion of validity in psychology. This conclusion requires a reassessment of the notions of objectivity, relativism and intersubjectivity

Analysis of Judge's Decision in Imposing Child Abuse Crime

The purpose of this research is to know and analyze abouthow to Analyze the Decision of the Gorontalo High Court Number: 2/Pid-Sus-Anak/2020/PT Gto against children as perpetrators of criminal acts of obscenity in the city of Gorontalo and to find out what factors influence the Judge's Decision in Cases of Crime of Child Abuse in Court High Gorontalo Number: 2/Pid-Sus-Children/2020/PT Gto. The type of approach used is Normative Research where the approach used is a statute approach and a case approach. The data obtained are from literature, laws, journals, and thesis. Data analysis or data management in this study was carried out in a deductive way. The results obtained in this study indicate that the judge in imposing a sentence on the perpetrator is still contrary to the principle of proportionality. Then there are several factors that influence the judge's decision, which include: 1.) Factors originating from the judge. 2) Factors originating from the defendant