Стабилизация движения робота по показаниям электронного компаса

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been applied to polymer samples in order to investigate the possibility of using this method for the identification of different materials. The plasma emission spectra of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthylene (PET), and polypropylene (PP) have been studied. Spectral features have been measured - for example, the 725.7 nm chlorine line, the 486.13 mm H(?) line, and the 247.86 nm carbon line - whose evaluation with neural networks permits identification accuracies between 90 and 1 00 per cent, depending on polymer type

Comprehensive vascular imaging using optical coherence tomography-based angiography and photoacoustic tomography

Studies have proven the relationship between cutaneous vasculature abnormalities and dermatological disorders, but to image vasculature noninvasively in vivo, advanced optical imaging techniques are required. In this study, we imaged a palm of a healthy volunteer and three subjects with cutaneous abnormalities with photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and optical coherence tomography with angiography extension (OCTA). Capillaries in the papillary dermis that are too small to be discerned with PAT are visualized with OCTA. From our results, we speculate that the PA signal from the palm is mostly from hemoglobin in capillaries rather than melanin, knowing that melanin concentration in volar skin is significantly smaller than that in other areas of the skin. We present for the first time OCTA images of capillaries along with the PAT images of the deeper vessels, demonstrating the complementary effective imaging depth range and the visualization capabilities of PAT and OCTA for imaging human skin in vivo. The proposed imaging system in this study could significantly improve treatment monitoring of dermatological diseases associated with cutaneous vasculature abnormalities

An optical coherence photoacoustic microscopy system using a fiber optic sensor

In this work, a novel fiber optic sensor based on Fabry-Pérot interferometry is adopted in an optical coherence photoacoustic microscopy (OC-PAM) system to enable high-resolution in vivo imaging. The complete OC-PAM system is characterized using the fiber optic sensor for photoacoustic measurement. After characterization, the performance of the system is evaluated by imaging zebrafish larvae in vivo. With a lateral resolution of 3.4 μm and an axial resolution of 3.7 μm in air, the optical coherence microscopy subsystem visualizes the anatomy of the zebrafish larvae. The photoacoustic microscopy subsystem reveals the vasculature of the zebrafish larvae with a lateral resolution of 1.9 μm and an axial resolution of 37.3 μm. As the two modalities share the same sample arm, we obtain inherently co-registered morphological and vascular images. This OC-PAM system provides comprehensive information on the anatomy and vasculature of the zebrafish larvae. Featuring compactness, broad detection bandwidth, and wide detection angle, the fiber optic sensor enables a large field of view with a static sensor position. We verified the feasibility of the fiber optic sensor for dual-modality in vivo imaging. The OC-PAM system, as a non-invasive imaging method, demonstrates its superiority in the investigation of zebrafish larvae, an animal model with increasing significance in developmental biology and disease research. This technique can also be applied for functional as well as longitudinal studies in the future

Detection of crenosoma spp., angiostrongylus vasorum and aelurostrongylus abstrusus in gastropods in Eastern Austria

Canine and feline cardiorespiratory parasites are of utmost relevance in veterinary medicine. Key epizootiological information on major pet metastrongyloids, i.e., Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infecting dogs, and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior infecting cats, is missing from Austria. This study investigated their occurrence in 1320 gastropods collected in the Austrian provinces of Styria, Burgenland, Lower Austria, and in metropolitan Vienna. Metastrongyloid larvae were microscopically detected in 25 samples, and sequence analysis confirmed the presence of metastrongyloids in nine samples, i.e., A. vasorum in one slug (Arion vulgaris) (0.07%), C. vulpis in five slugs (one Limax maximus and four A. vulgaris) (0.4%), A. abstrusus in two A. vulgaris (0.17%), and the hedgehog lungworm Crenosoma striatum was detected in one A. vulgaris. The present study confirms the enzooticity of major cardiorespiratory nematodes in Austria and that canine and feline populations are at risk of infection

Citizen Science Reveals Unexpected Continental-Scale Evolutionary Change in a Model Organism

Organisms provide some of the most sensitive indicators of climate change and evolutionary responses are becoming apparent in species with short generation times. Large datasets on genetic polymorphism that can provide an historical benchmark against which to test for recent evolutionary responses are very rare, but an exception is found in the brown-lipped banded snail (Cepaea nemoralis). This species is sensitive to its thermal environment and exhibits several polymorphisms of shell colour and banding pattern affecting shell albedo in the majority of populations within its native range in Europe. We tested for evolutionary changes in shell albedo that might have been driven by the warming of the climate in Europe over the last half century by compiling an historical dataset for 6,515 native populations of C. nemoralis and comparing this with new data on nearly 3,000 populations. The new data were sampled mainly in 2009 through the Evolution MegaLab, a citizen science project that engaged thousands of volunteers in 15 countries throughout Europe in the biggest such exercise ever undertaken. A known geographic cline in the frequency of the colour phenotype with the highest albedo (yellow) was shown to have persisted and a difference in colour frequency between woodland and more open habitats was confirmed, but there was no general increase in the frequency of yellow shells. This may have been because snails adapted to a warming climate through behavioural thermoregulation. By contrast, we detected an unexpected decrease in the frequency of Unbanded shells and an increase in the Mid-banded morph. Neither of these evolutionary changes appears to be a direct response to climate change, indicating that the influence of other selective agents, possibly related to changing predation pressure and habitat change with effects on micro-climate