Design Automation of Polyomino Set That Self-Assembles into a Desired Shape

The problem of finding the smallest DNA tile set that self-assembles into a desired pattern or shape is a research focus that has been investigated by many researchers. In this paper, we take a polyomino, which is a non-square element composed of several connected square units, as an element of assembly and consider the design problem of the minimal set of polyominoes that self-assembles into a desired shape. We developed a self-assembly simulator of polyominoes based on the agent-based Monte Carlo method, in which the potential energy among the polyominoes is evaluated and the simulation state is updated toward the direction to decrease the total potential. Aggregated polyominoes are represented as an agent, which can move, merge, and split during the simulation. In order to search the minimal set of polyominoes, two-step evaluation strategy is adopted, because of enormous search space including many parameters such as the shape, the size, and the glue types attached to the polyominoes. The feasibility of the proposed method is shown through three examples with different size and complexity

Spin-Orbit Torques in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo Alloys

The spin-orbit torque switching of ferrimagnetic Gd$_x$(Fe$_{90}$Co$_{10}$)$_{100-x}$ films was studied for both transition metal (TM)-rich and rare earth (RE)-rich configurations. The spin-orbit torque driven magnetization switching follows the same handedness in TM-rich and RE-rich samples with respect to the total magnetization, but the handedness of the switching is reversed with respect to the TM magnetization. This indicates that the sign of the spin-orbit-torque-driven magnetic switching follows the total magnetization, although transport based techniques such as anomalous Hall effect are only sensitive to the transition metal magnetization. These results provide important insight into the physics of spin angular momentum transfer in materials with antiferromagnetically coupled sublattices

The samurai in modern Japan: a case study on Kaga han in 1890s

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Kita Mill and the Silk Textile Industry in Prewar Ishikawa Prefecture

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A small money changer in the Matsukata deflation in Tokyo

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The textile mills and their transaction in Marusan Kumiai in Prewar Ishikawa Prefecture

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Non-bank business and investment in mines of the Yokoyamas, a former minister of the Kaga clan, in the early Meiji Era

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