ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GERANIOL EMPLOYING VARIOUS IN-VITRO MODELS: RELEVANCE TO NEURODEGENERATION IN DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze antioxidant effect of geraniol (GE) in different in vitro models.Methods: Initially, the antioxidant activity of GE was assessed by diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay. The modulatory effect of GE against 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain regions (cortex and cerebellum) and sciatic nerve (SN) homogenates was determined. Further, the effect of GE was assessed against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress (OS) in SHSY5Y, a human neuroblastoma cell line.Results: GE proved to be a good scavenger of DPPH free radical (inhibitory concentration 50% [IC50] value = 663 nmol) and could lower the lipid peroxidation levels in rat brain tissue and SN homogenates (25-40%). Further, it rescue the SHSY5Y cells from hyperglycemia-induced death. Co-exposure of GE with the IC50 level of glucose (100 mM) lowered the levels of reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxides and 3-nitrotyrosine levels with concomitant elevation in the glutathione levels (about two folds).Conclusion: Collectively from these findings and other studies previously conducted (from our lab and others) emphasize the potential benefit of GE against OS, a progressive pathological feature of neurodegenerative disorders.Â

Maintaining Acyclicity of Concurrent Graphs*

In this paper, we consider the problem of preserving acyclicity in a directed graph (for shared memory architecture) that is concurrently being updated by threads adding/deleting vertices and edges. To the best of our knowledge, no previous paper has presented a con- current graph data structure. We implement the concurrent directed graph data-structure as a concurrent adjacency list representation. We extend the lazy list implementation of concurrent linked lists for maintaining concurrent adjacency lists. There exists a number of graph applications which require the acyclic invariant in a directed graph. One such example is Serialization Graph Testing Algorithm used in databases and transactional memory. We present two concurrent algorithms for maintaining acyclicity in a concurrent graph: (i) Based on obstruction-free snapshots (ii) Using wait-free reachability. We compare the performance of these algorithms against the coarse-grained locking strategy, commonly used technique for allowing concurrent updates. We present the speedup obtained by these algorithms over sequential execution. As a future direction, we plan to extend this data structure for other progress conditions

Total and Edge Domination on Anti Fuzzy Line Graph

In this paper, the total dominating set, edge dominating set and domination number (TDN & EDN) for anti fuzzy line graph is computed by maxima method algorithm (MMA). This calculation is executed using strong adjacency matrix of anti fuzzy graphs and its line graph

GERIAYUTRICS – AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE OF SENESCENCE AND REJUVENESCENCE

Ayurveda itself is seen to have been evolved to ease human beings from Jara. Inclusion of Jara chikitsa (Geriayutrics) as one among the Ashtanga Ayurveda during those good olden days implies the foresight of Acharyas on its importance. World Health Organisation declared the calendar year 1999 as the International Year of Older People (IYOP), since then the problems of aging people got the worldwide focus and health wise momentum. Now at this time, the whole world is showing renewed interest in the aging process and aged people. In first 50 yrs of 21st century old age dependency ratio is expected to double in more developed region and triple in less developed region, thus the aged people are going to be a big problem for the society.It is the best time to explore the possibilities from Ayurveda, which can raise the hope of the silver population and improve their lifespan. The cognate of the Greek “Geras” is the Sanskrit “Jara” both of which means old age. According to Ayurveda, the Jara (aging) is a natural phenomenon like hunger, thirst and sleep. Sushruta mentioned a group of naturally occurring diseases named Svabhavabala roga, which includes Kshut (hunger), Pipasa (thirst), Nidra (sleep), Jara (old age) and Mrityu (death). The term ‘Geriayutrics’ is introduced by the authors to emphasize that Ayurveda is the science recognised importance of Jara Chikitsa as separate clinical speciality. This review focuses on the understanding of Ayurvedic biology of aging with respect to physiological components such as Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, Srotas, Indriyas, Ojas, Manas and so on and their correction through the application of Rasayana (rejuvenescence)

A study on performance evaluation of mutual funds with reference to Cochin stock exchange Ltd

This study is an attempt to identify overpriced and underpriced shares chosen. It can be used as a guide for the investors to make a purchase or sell decision for a particular security. The sample of securities of 8 private sector banks were selected and using either anticipation approach to estimate the value of a shares are calculated. As per anticipation approach future price of a share is estimated through trend analysis which will be compared with actual share price on a particular date to find whether the share is underpriced or overpriced

MULTIDIMENSIONAL EFFECTS OF SHIRODHARA ON PSYCHO-SOMATIC AXIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS

Now-a-days many clinical conditions of different physiological systems becoming psychosomatic in nature, may be because of modern day living. Psychosomatic disorders represent a therapeutic enigma. Despite compelling evidence to suggest the integrity of mind and body, humans are famously prone to experiencing them as separate. Ayurveda essentially sees every disease as a psychosomatic manifestation and views the mind and body as two aspects of one unity. Considering the involvement of Hypothalamico-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPA Axis) in most of the psychosomatic disorders; an attempt is made to use the word Psychosomatic axis in synonymous with HPA axis/Shatchakras. Shirodhara, an icon of Ayurveda in global scenario, is the pouring of warm herbal oil over the forehead in a pendulous manner. This treatment rejuvenates the nervous system, releases emotions, opens the subtle channels and unfolds bliss throughout the mind and body. This paper explores the advanced understanding of Shirodhara and its role in prevention and treatment of psychosomatic disorders and promotion of mental health & in turn to emphasize its importance in current day practice