Béatrice Fleury, Jacques Walter, (dirs), Médias, médiations, immigrations

L’immigration est un phénomène dont certaines dimensions peuvent être quantifiées. Mais elle est aussi affaire de représentations, ancrées dans les imaginaires et les mémoires. Elle est également une histoire d’engagements et d’expériences qui façonnent la sphère publique et créent des espaces, des liens, entre ici et ailleurs. Autant de processus moins visibles que Médias, médiations, immigrations, un ouvrage dirigé par Béatrice Fleury et Jacques Walter, se propose d’explorer, d’un lieu à l’..

Black women on glossy paper. The "black women's magazine" ambiguities

Cette thèse s'intéresse à la "presse féminine noire", c'est-à-dire aux magazines qui s'adressent à des femmes partageant l'expérience sociale d'être perçues comme noires. Elle se fonde sur une analyse des contenus, nourrie par une enquête auprès de lectrices et des producteurs des magazines Amina, Miss Ebène et Brune en France. Entreprises commerciales et supports d'identification, ces médias témoignent de l'existence de consommatrices mais aussi de lectrices en quête de reconnaissance sociale. Leurs ressources publicitaires et leurs conditions de production révèlent une "ligne de couleur" dans la presse féminine française. Ces magazines, qui sont également distribués en Afrique francophone et aux Antilles, s’inscrivent dans un espace qui déborde les frontières nationales tout en assignant leur lectorat à un "entre soi". Les ambiguïtés des représentations qu'ils véhiculent sont inhérentes à la nécessité de relier l'ici à l'ailleurs, de valoriser des singularités phénotypiques tout en se conformant aux critères hégémoniques de la beauté et de soutenir l'émancipation féminine tout en conservant des spécificités culturelles. Cette recherche soulève plus largement les enjeux relatifs à la reconnaissance des minorités comme productrices et réceptrices des médias dans un contexte politique marqué par un idéal universaliste qui ne reconnaît pas leur existence.The focus of this thesis is on magazines addressing women sharing the social experience of being perceived as black. It is based on a content analysis, fuelled by enquiries on the producers and readers of magazines Amina, Miss Ebène and Brune in France. These magazines are also distributed in francophone Africa and in the Caribbean. Commercial companies and identification supports, these magazine bear witness of the existence of the consumers but also of readers in search of social recognition. The advertising resources and the production conditions of the media reveal the existence of a “colour line” in the French women’s press. The analysis of the representations conveyed by each magazine reveals ambiguities, as much as in the contents as in the positioning, inherent to the need of linking the here and elsewhere promoting phenotypic singularities while conforming to the hegemonic criteria of beauty, supporting the emancipation of women while preserving cultural characteristics. This work, more broadly, raises issues concerning the recognition of minorities as producers and receptors of the media in a political context marked by a Universalist ideal that does not recognize their existence

Stratégie marketing face aux nouveaux entrants sur le marché des antifongiques systémiques à l'hôpital (recommandations pour Vfend® et Triflucan®)

CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Femmes noires sur papier glacé. Les ambiguïtés de la "presse féminine noire"

Cette thèse s'intéresse à la "presse féminine noire", c'est-à-dire aux magazines qui s'adressent à des femmes partageant l'expérience sociale d'être perçues comme noires. Elle se fonde sur une analyse des contenus, nourrie par une enquête auprès de lectrices et des producteurs des magazines Amina, Miss Ebène et Brune en France. Entreprises commerciales et supports d'identification, ces médias témoignent de l'existence de consommatrices mais aussi de lectrices en quête de reconnaissance sociale. Leurs ressources publicitaires et leurs conditions de production révèlent une "ligne de couleur" dans la presse féminine française. Ces magazines, qui sont également distribués en Afrique francophone et aux Antilles, s inscrivent dans un espace qui déborde les frontières nationales tout en assignant leur lectorat à un "entre soi". Les ambiguïtés des représentations qu'ils véhiculent sont inhérentes à la nécessité de relier l'ici à l'ailleurs, de valoriser des singularités phénotypiques tout en se conformant aux critères hégémoniques de la beauté et de soutenir l'émancipation féminine tout en conservant des spécificités culturelles. Cette recherche soulève plus largement les enjeux relatifs à la reconnaissance des minorités comme productrices et réceptrices des médias dans un contexte politique marqué par un idéal universaliste qui ne reconnaît pas leur existence.The focus of this thesis is on magazines addressing women sharing the social experience of being perceived as black. It is based on a content analysis, fuelled by enquiries on the producers and readers of magazines Amina, Miss Ebène and Brune in France. These magazines are also distributed in francophone Africa and in the Caribbean. Commercial companies and identification supports, these magazine bear witness of the existence of the consumers but also of readers in search of social recognition. The advertising resources and the production conditions of the media reveal the existence of a colour line in the French women s press. The analysis of the representations conveyed by each magazine reveals ambiguities, as much as in the contents as in the positioning, inherent to the need of linking the here and elsewhere promoting phenotypic singularities while conforming to the hegemonic criteria of beauty, supporting the emancipation of women while preserving cultural characteristics. This work, more broadly, raises issues concerning the recognition of minorities as producers and receptors of the media in a political context marked by a Universalist ideal that does not recognize their existence.PARIS-CUJAS-BU Droit (751052119) / SudocSudocFranceF

Genre et imbrication des rapports de domination dans les médias des minorités ethniques

Ce numéro est issu du colloque international organisé en mars 2010 à la MSHS de Poitiers par l'équipe MINORITYMEDIA sur « les médias des minorités ethniques, entre hégémonie et résistances ? ». À travers une réflexion ancrée dans le croisement de la sociologie du journalisme, l'analyse du discours et les études culturelles, ce numéro propose une analyse genrée de ces médias et de leur rapport aux idéologies et pratiques hégémoniques, l’objectif étant d'avancer dans la compréhension de l'articulation du genre et de l'ethnicité dans un espace journalistique particulier, dans des contextes nationaux différents et dans un moment historique où les traces coloniales et patriarcales sont encore bien présentes. This issue is the outcome of the international colloquium on “Ethnic minority media, between hegemony and resistance?” organised in March 2010 by the Minoritymedia team at the Maison des Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société (Research Centre for Human and Social Sciences -MSHS) in Poitiers. Through a reflection rooted in the intersection of the sociology of journalism, discourse analysis and cultural studies, this issue offers a gendered analysis of these media and their relationship to hegemonic ideologies and practices, with the aim of advancing our understanding of the linkages between gender and ethnicity in a particular journalistic space, in different national contexts and at a historical moment where colonial and patriarchal imprints are still very much present

Resident PW1(+) Progenitor Cells Participate in Vascular Remodeling During Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

International audienceRationale: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by vascular remodeling and neomuscularization. PW1+ progenitor cells can differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.Objective: To determine the role of pulmonary PW1+ progenitor cells in vascular remodeling characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension.Methods and Results: We investigated their contribution during chronic hypoxia–induced vascular remodeling in Pw1nLacZ+/− mouse expressing β-galactosidase in PW1+ cells and in differentiated cells derived from PW1+ cells. PW1+ progenitor cells are present in the perivascular zone in rodent and human control lungs. Using progenitor markers, 3 distinct myogenic PW1+ cell populations were isolated from the mouse lung of which 2 were significantly increased after 4 days of chronic hypoxia. The number of proliferating pulmonary PW1+ cells and the proportion of β-gal+ vascular SMC were increased, indicating a recruitment of PW1+ cells and their differentiation into vascular SMC during early chronic hypoxia–induced neomuscularization. CXCR4 inhibition using AMD3100 prevented PW1+ cells differentiation into SMC but did not inhibit their proliferation. Bone marrow transplantation experiments showed that the newly formed β-gal+ SMC were not derived from circulating bone marrow–derived PW1+ progenitor cells, confirming a resident origin of the recruited PW1+ cells. The number of pulmonary PW1+ cells was also increased in rats after monocrotaline injection. In lung from pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, PW1-expressing cells were observed in large numbers in remodeled vascular structures.Conclusions: These results demonstrate the existence of a novel population of resident SMC progenitor cells expressing PW1 and participating in pulmonary hypertension–associated vascular remodeling

Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Receptor Type α Activation Drives Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling Via Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Induces Pulmonary Hypertension

International audienceBackground Platelet‐derived growth factor is a major regulator of the vascular remodeling associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We previously showed that protein widely 1 (PW1 + ) vascular progenitor cells participate in early vessel neomuscularization during experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH) and we addressed the role of the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor type α (PDGFRα) pathway in progenitor cell‐dependent vascular remodeling and in PH development. Methods and Results Remodeled pulmonary arteries from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension showed an increased number of perivascular and vascular PW1 + cells expressing PDGFRα. PW1 nLacZ reporter mice were used to follow the fate of pulmonary PW1 + progenitor cells in a model of chronic hypoxia–induced PH development. Under chronic hypoxia, PDGFRα inhibition prevented the increase in PW1 + progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells and reduced pulmonary vessel neomuscularization, but did not prevent an increased right ventricular systolic pressure or the development of right ventricular hypertrophy. Conversely, constitutive PDGFRα activation led to neomuscularization via PW1 + progenitor cell differentiation into new smooth muscle cells and to PH development in male mice without fibrosis. In vitro, PW1 + progenitor cell proliferation, but not differentiation, was dependent on PDGFRα activity. Conclusions These results demonstrate a major role of PDGFRα signaling in progenitor cell–dependent lung vessel neomuscularization and vascular remodeling contributing to PH development, including in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Our findings suggest that PDGFRα blockers may offer a therapeutic add‐on strategy to combine with current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments to reduce vascular remodeling. Furthermore, our study highlights constitutive PDGFRα activation as a novel experimental PH model