Lithium Diffusion & Magnetism in Battery Cathode Material LixNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2

We have studied low-temperature magnetic properties as well as high-temperature lithium ion diffusion in the battery cathode materials LixNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 by the use of muon spin rotation/relaxation. Our data reveal that the samples enter into a 2D spin-glass state below TSG=12 K. We further show that lithium diffusion channels become active for T>Tdiff=125 K where the Li-ion hopping-rate [nu(T)] starts to increase exponentially. Further, nu(T) is found to fit very well to an Arrhenius type equation and the activation energy for the diffusion process is extracted as Ea=100 meV.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series (2014

Vortex Tubes in Turbulence Velocity Fields at Reynolds Numbers 300-1300

The most elementary structures of turbulence, i.e., vortex tubes, are studied using velocity data obtained in a laboratory experiment for boundary layers with microscale Reynolds numbers 295-1258. We conduct conditional averaging for enhancements of a small-scale velocity increment and obtain the typical velocity profile for vortex tubes. Their radii are of the order of the Kolmogorov length. Their circulation velocities are of the order of the root-mean-square velocity fluctuation. We also obtain the distribution of the interval between successive enhancements of the velocity increment as the measure of the spatial distribution of vortex tubes. They tend to cluster together below about the integral length and more significantly below about the Taylor microscale. These properties are independent of the Reynolds number and are hence expected to be universal.Comment: 8 pages, to appear in Physical Review

Understanding and reducing the disaster risk of landslide-induced tsunamis: a short summary of the panel discussion in the World Tsunami Awareness Day Special Event of the Fifth World Landslide Forum

A World Tsunami Awareness Day Special Event was held in hybrid mode on 5 November 2021, during the Fifth World Landslide Forum, in Kyoto, Japan. In this context, a panel discussion was organized across America, Europe, and Asia, with the goal to better understand and reduce the disaster risk of landslide-induced tsunamis, consistent with the Kyoto Landslide Commitment 2020. This article presents a short summary of this panel discussion

Magnetic Order in the 2D Heavy-Fermion System CePt2In7 studied by muSR

The low-temperature microscopic magnetic properties of the quasi-2D heavyfermion compound, CePt2In7 are investigated by using a positive muon-spin rotation and relaxation (?muSR) technique. Clear evidence for the formation of a commensurate antiferromagnetic order below TN=5.40 K is presented. The magnetic order parameter is shown to fit well to a modified BSC gap-energy function in a strong-coupling scenario.Comment: Accepted in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (2014

Identification and functional analysis of pistil self-incompatibility factor HT-B of Petunia

Gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) in Solanaceae, Rosaceae, and Plantaginaceae is controlled by a multiallelic S-locus. The specificities of pistil and pollen are controlled by separate S-locus genes, S-RNase and SLF/SFB, respectively. Although the S-specificity is determined by the S-locus genes, factors located outside the S-locus are also required for expression of GSI. HT-B is one of the pistil non-S-factors identified in Nicotiana and Solanum, and encodes a small asparagine/aspartate-rich extracellular protein with unknown biochemical function. Here, HT-B was cloned from Petunia and characterized. The structural features and expression pattern of Petunia HT-B were very similar to those of Nicotiana and Solanum. Unlike other solanaceous species, expression of HT-B was also observed in self-compatible Petunia species. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated suppression of Petunia HT-B resulted in partial breakdown of GSI. Quantitative analysis of the HT-B mRNA accumulation in the transgenics showed that a 100-fold reduction is not sufficient and a >1000-fold reduction is required to achieve partial breakdown of GSI

Effects of principal stress rotation on the wave–seabed interactions

This paper simulates the wave–seabed interactions considering the principal stress rotation (PSR) by using the finite element method. The soil model is developed within the framework of kinematic hardening and the bounding surface concept, and it can properly consider the impact of PSR by treating the PSR generating stress rate independently. The simulation results are compared with centrifuge test results. The comparison indicates that the simulation with the soil model considering the PSR can better reproduce the test results on the development of pore water pressure and liquefaction than the soil model without considering the PSR. It indicates that it is important to consider the PSR impact in simulation of wave–seabed soil interactions

レーザー ニ ヨル カクユウゴウエネルギー ノ カイハツ

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