Adoption of sustainable capture based aquaculture practices by traditional fishermen of Karnataka

Capture Based Aquaculture (CBA) has emerged as the optimal solution to meet India's ever growing demand for protein food security, besides providing additional income to rural fishermen during the lean seasons. The following study documents the adoption of sustainable CBA in traditional farming systems with minimum inputs. The fish farmer being the end user in the technology adoption process, an empirical evaluation of the concept of sustainability is important in reducing the production costs, in harnessing environmental benefits and ensuring stable fish production. The reliability of Farmer Sustainability Index (FSI) to measure the adoption of sustainable practices in capture based aquaculture was measured using Cronbachs Coefficient of Alpha which worked out to 0.97, indicating a high index of reliability of the method used. The FSI constructed was administered to 40 traditional fishermen adopting CBA at Uppunda village of Kundapura taluk of coastal Karnataka. The overall mean FSI index for all the six practices from cage fabrication to harvest was 77.95, indicating a relatively high value of Farmer Sustainability Index for adoption of CBA practices

कर्नाटक के तटीय पानी में पिंजरों में मछ्ली पालन की साध्यताएं

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Group dynamics effectiveness index- A Measure of Gender Centric Approach in Mussel Farming in Coastal Karnataka, India

Today’s extension trends represent a paradigm shift from top down approach to bottom up approach wherein the farmer is the central figure in the technology adoption and technology refinement process. Research and ex-tension organizations have moved from working with individual farmers to collaboration with groups. Members of a group collectively take part in accessing and sharing resources, in decision making, partaking of benefits, than while acting individually. The Participatory Action model (PAM) was used for the transfer of technology to Mussel farmers, through a six step process of planning and implementation. Mussel farming connotes the scien-tific culture of edible bivalves which belong to the family “Mytilidae”. The economic by product of mussel farming is the mussel meat which has considerable commercial value and fetches additional source of income for fisher-men during the lean fishing seasons. Mussel faming in India is carried out as individual ownership, family owner-ship and ownership by self-help groups. In the present study, the Participatory Action Model was used as a meth-od to organize the self-help groups involved in mussel farming. This model aims at development of group capaci-ties through involvement of the group members in planning, implementation, review and reflection process in mussel farming undertaken on a group basis. The study aimed at assessing the Group Dynamics Effectiveness of men and women mussel farmers in their respective groups. The findings revealed that the overall Group Effec-tiveness Index (G.E.I) was 63.03, which has been achieved, within a short period of three years of technology transfer. Results of Chi-square analysis revealed that there was significant association between men and women farmers in the groups with respect to group dimensions such as influence, styles of influence, decision making, task function, feelings, norms, interpersonal trust and group achievements at (P<0.05). The findings of the discri-minant analysis revealed that the group dimensions which significantly discriminated the men and women farm-ers, were achievements of group, norms, interpersonal trust and empathy. The study implies that there is tremen-dous potential for harnessing the group efforts for successful adoption of the technology and future participatory efforts should be directed at strengthening these specific dimensions which govern the group behaviour and which in turn accentuate the G.E.I

Agarala: A traditional fishing boat of Karnataka

Agarala boat or coracle is a traditional fishing boat used for estuarine and riverine fishing in Karnataka. These traditional boats ensure sustainable fishing using eco-friendly fishing methods. The main fish species caught in these crafts are Sillago sihama, Sphyraena obtusata, Mugil cephalus, Aries aries, Gerres filamentosus, Lutjanus argentimaculatus, Leiognathus splendens, Cynoglossus macrostomus, Psettodes erumei, Platycephalus indicus, Etroplus suratensis, Anodontostoma chacunda, Portunus pelagicus, P.sanguinolentus, Scylla serrata, Thryssa mystax, and Opisthopterus tardoore. Fishing with agarala in the estuarine waters is largely at subsistence level and is carried out by a minor section of the fishermen community. The following paper documents and reports for the first time, the use of such unique fishing boats, in the Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. The main objective of the study was to explore the nature of crafts, the unique design of the crafts used and types of fishes caught. Fishing in agarala provides a good source of income to the fishermen using these simple, traditional environment friendly and cost effective crafts which make sustainable use of the scarce fishery resources

The ILC as a natural SUSY discovery machine and precision microscope: from light higgsinos to tests of unification

The requirement of electroweak naturalness in simple supersymmetric models implies the existence of a cluster of four light higgsinos with mass $\sim 100-300$\,GeV, the lighter the better. While such light compressed spectra may be challenging to observe at LHC, the International Linear $e^+e^-$ Collider (ILC) with $\sqrt{s}>2m_{\rm higgsino}$ would serve as both a SUSY discovery machine and a precision microscope. We study higgsino pair production signatures at the ILC based on full, \texttt{Geant4-}based simulation of the ILD detector concept. We examine several benchmark scenarios that may be challenging for discovery at HL-LHC due to mass differences between the higgsino states between $20$ and $4$\,GeV. Assuming $\sqrt{s}= 500$\,GeV and 1000\,fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, the individual higgsino masses can be measured to $1-2\%$ precision in case of the larger mass differences, and at the level of $5\%$ for the smallest mass difference case. The higgsino mass splittings are sensitive to the electroweak gaugino masses and allow extraction of gaugino masses to $\sim 3-20\%$ (depending on the model). Extrapolation of gaugino masses via renormalization group running can test the hypothesis of gaugino mass unification. We also examine a case with natural generalized mirage mediation where the unification of gaugino masses at an intermediate scale apparently gives rise to a natural SUSY spectrum somewhat beyond the reach of HL-LHC.Comment: 43 pages, 33 figure

'Dhowr'- A Revisit to the design and operation of indigenous machinery in fishery technology

Traditionally, the fishing crafts are hauled on to the beach with manpower after the fishing cruise. Many of the beach-landing centers use manpower for hauling the boats. But the change in beach profile due to changing weather condition makes it extremely cumbersome for hauling the boat using manpower alone. Moreover, the labour force has also been getting scarce in many fishing villages. A wooden winch was developed by the fishermen of Dakshina Kannada, several decades back. The fishermen in Keni Village of Uttar Kannada District worked on this insight and came out with a modified manually working wooden winch/ capstan and named “Dhowr”. This device was widely accepted and number of units came up in most of the beach landing fishing villages of Uttar Kannada. With this background, it was felt necessary that a detailed study be conducted to document and report the construction and operation of unique and eco-friendly wooden capstan, “Dhowr” along with the benefits to the fishermen

Study on the design and operation of a traditional winch in fishery technology

Majority of the non-mechanized craft in Karnataka are wooden and they are operated mainly in beach landing centers which hardly have any berthing facility. These boats are operating on daily basis and are hauled on to the beach after the operatio to protect it from fouling organisms. The fishermen of Karnataka came up with the idea of wooden winch/ capstan named “Dhowr” for hauling the boat on shore. The following paper documents and report for the first time, the use of such unique, eco-friendly wooden capstan, “Dhowr” which is in operation in traditional beach landing fishing village of Karnataka

Adoption of sustainable capture based aquaculture practices by traditional fishermen of Karnataka

ABSTRACT Capture Based Aquaculture (CBA) has emerged as the optimal solution to meet India&apos;s ever growing demand for protein food security, besides providing additional income to rural fishermen during the lean seasons. The following study documents the adoption of sustainable CBA in traditional farming systems with minimum inputs. The fish farmer being the end user in the technology adoption process, an empirical evaluation of the concept of sustainability is important in reducing the production costs, in harnessing environmental benefits and ensuring stable fish production. The reliability of Farmer Sustainability Index (FSI) to measure the adoption of sustainable practices in capture based aquaculture was measured using Cronbachs Coefficient of Alpha which worked out to 0.97, indicating a high index of reliability of the method used. The FSI constructed was administered to 40 traditional fishermen adopting CBA at Uppunda village of Kundapura taluk of coastal Karnataka. The overall mean FSI index for all the six practices from cage fabrication to harvest was 77.95, indicating a relatively high value of Farmer Sustainability Index for adoption of CBA practices

കാലാവസ്ഥാ വ്യതിയാനവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട് ഭാരതത്തിലെ കടൽ മത്സ്യത്തൊഴിലാളികൾ ആർജ്ജിച്ചെടുത്ത തദ്ദേശീയ സാങ്കേതിക ജ്ഞാനം (Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITKs’) of Indian Marine Fishermen with reference to Climate Change)

The fisher folk of coastal India possess a rich repertoire of ancient knowledge and traditional wisdom with respect to various climate change related phenomena which they have made use of in their day to day fishing activities. This provides them, the rule of the thumb to be followed with respect to observed indicators or relationship with in events of climate change related inflections. These local fisher communities over centuries, have developed and implemented extensive mitigation and adaptation strategies that have enabled them reduce their vulnerability to past climate variability and change. However, the fact that this rich treasure house of indigenous wisdom which serves as a complement to modern scientific methods of adapting and mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change in fisheries has been largely ignored or rather receded into the mists of antiquity

Impact of Aggregating Devices on Cuttlefish fishery

The Class Cephalopoda comprising of squids, cuttlefishes and octopus includes the largest known living invertebrates within the animal Kingdom. Cephalopods have well developed head and a body consisting of a muscular mantle and mantle cavity. Head bears circumoral appendages (arms, tentacles), a feature that reflects the origin of the name ‘Cephalopoda’, which is derived from the union of the two Greek words: ‘kefale’, head, and ‘pous’, feet. These soft-bodied bilaterally symmetrical groups are commercially important fishery resources occurring in all marine habitats in depth ranging from intertidal to over 5,000 m. Salinity is considered as the limiting factor restricting their distribution between 27 and 37 psu, with few exceptions. The cuttlefishes belonging to the family Sepiidae are of significant commercial value to artisanal and industrial fisheries. Cuttlefishes are primarily bottom-dwellers over a range of habitats, including rocky, sandy, and muddy substrates, seagrass, seaweed and coral reefs. They are slower swimmers than the more streamlined squids. Cuttlefishes are able to attain neutral buoyancy by regulating the relative amounts of gas and fluid in the chambers of the cuttlebone, and they are able to hover in midwater, with fins acting as stabilizers. Large species such as Sepia latimanus, S. officinalis and S. pharaonis are restricted to much shallower depths and show very different septal spacing and sutures than the deeper water species. Some species migrate seasonally in response to temperature changes and aggregate, usually in shallow water, at spawning time. Cuttlefishes have broad sac-like bodies with lateral fins that are narrow and extend along the length of the mantle; posterior lobes of the fins free (subterminal) and separated by the posterior end of the mantle; 10 circumoral appendages, the longest 2 (tentacles) are retractile into pockets on the ventrolateral sides of the head; the 8 remaining arms frequently with 4 series of stalked suckers with chitinous rings; eyes are covered with a transparent membrane and eyelids are present. They are characterized by the presence of a dorsally placed internal calcareous shell known as the cuttlebone, which is a finely chambered shell, thick, and chalky