Shear viscosity of a highly excited string and the black hole membrane paradigm

Black hole membrane paradigm states that a certain viscous membrane seems to be sitting on a stretched horizon of a black hole from the viewpoint of a distant observer. We show that the shear viscosity of the fictitious membrane can be reproduced by a highly excited string covering the stretched horizon except for a numerical coefficient.Comment: 22 pages, no figure, minor correction

On the link between conscious function and general intelligence in humans and machines

In popular media, there is often a connection drawn between the advent of awareness in artificial agents and those same agents simultaneously achieving human or superhuman level intelligence. In this work, we explore the validity and potential application of this seemingly intuitive link between consciousness and intelligence. We do so by examining the cognitive abilities associated with three contemporary theories of conscious function: Global Workspace Theory (GWT), Information Generation Theory (IGT), and Attention Schema Theory (AST). We find that all three theories specifically relate conscious function to some aspect of domain-general intelligence in humans. With this insight, we turn to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and find that, while still far from demonstrating general intelligence, many state-of-the-art deep learning methods have begun to incorporate key aspects of each of the three functional theories. Given this apparent trend, we use the motivating example of mental time travel in humans to propose ways in which insights from each of the three theories may be combined into a unified model. We believe that doing so can enable the development of artificial agents which are not only more generally intelligent but are also consistent with multiple current theories of conscious function

Phonon Dynamics and Multipolar Isomorphic Transition in beta-pyrochlore KOs2O6

We investigate with a microscopic model anharmonic K-cation oscillation observed by neutron experiments in beta-pyrochlore superconductor KOs2O6, which also shows a mysterious first-order structural transition at Tp=7.5 K. We have identified a set of microscopic model parameters that successfully reproduce the observed temperature dependence and the superconducting transition temperature. Considering changes in the parameters at Tp, we can explain puzzling experimental results about electron-phonon coupling and neutron data. Our analysis demonstrates that the first-order transition is multipolar transition driven by the octupolar component of K-cation oscillations. The octupole moment does not change the symmetry and is characteristic to noncentrosymmetric K-cation potential.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Transport coefficients of D1-D5-P system and the membrane paradigm

I discuss a correspondence between string theory and the black hole membrane paradigm in the context of the D1-D5-P system. By using the Kubo formula, I calculate transport coefficients of the effective string model induced by two kinds of minimal scalars. Then, I show that these transport coefficients exactly agree with the corresponding membrane transport coefficients of a five-dimensional near-extremal black hole with three charges.Comment: 11 pages, no figure; v2: minor corrections, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Studies on the Saline Injury on Crops. : I-2 The Effect on the Growth and on the Maturity of Wheat as produced by the Saline Water Irrigation at the Ear Formation Period.

小麦農林52号を供試し,生育時期を異にして各10日間づつ2.5%の塩水を与えた場合,特に幼穗形成期に於ける塩害経過後の生育並に稔実には次の如き2,3の特異現象があらわれた. 1.害微出現率では新葉にも未だ被害を認めるが,除塩後,葉位の進むに従つて葉位別の害徴増加率は他の時期の塩害区に比して著しく減少する. 2.塩水添加による害徴の増加量は全育相を通じて最大であるにも拘わらず,除塩後の増加が殆んどなく,塩害経過日数が極めて短い. 3.幼穗形成期及此の直前の時期に塩害を蒙つた場合には葉数が増す.4.1小穂平均粒数,1粒重,稔実指数は他の時期の塩害区に比して極めて良い

A Possible Phase Transition in beta-pyrochlore Compounds

We investigate a lattice of interacting anharmonic oscillators by using a mean field theory and exact diagonalization. We construct an effective five-state hopping model with intersite repulsions as a model for beta-pyrochlore AOs_2O_6(A=K, Rb or Cs). We obtain the first order phase transition line from large to small oscillation amplitude phases as temperature decreases. We also discuss the possibility of a phase with local electric polarizations. Our theory can explain the origin of the mysterious first order transition in KOs_2O_6.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Existence and uniqueness for Legendre curves

We give a moving frame of a Legendre curve (or, a frontal) in the unite tangent bundle and define a pair of smooth functions of a Legendre curve like as the curvature of a regular plane curve. The existence and uniqueness for Legendre curves are holded like as regular plane curves. It is quite useful to analyse the Legendre curves. As applications, we consider contact between Legendre curves and the arc-length parameter of Legendre immersions in the unite tangent bundle.

MarvelD3 regulates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway during eye development in Xenopus.

Ocular morphogenesis requires several signalling pathways controlling the expression of transcription factors and cell-cycle regulators. However, despite a well-known mechanism, the dialogue between those signals and factors remains to be unveiled. Here, we identify a requirement for MarvelD3, a tight junction transmembrane protein, in eye morphogenesis in Xenopus MarvelD3 depletion led to an abnormally pigmented eye or even an eye-less phenotype, which was rescued by ectopic MarvelD3 expression. Altering MarvelD3 expression led to deregulated expression of cell-cycle regulators and transcription factors required for eye development. The eye phenotype was rescued by increased c-Jun terminal Kinase activation. Thus, MarvelD3 links tight junctions and modulation of the JNK pathway to eye morphogenesis

Excitons in soliton and bipolaron lattice states of doped Peierls systems

Exciton effects on soliton and bipolaron lattice states are investigated using an electron-lattice Peierls model with long-range Coulomb interactions. The Hartree-Fock (HF) approximation and the single-excitation configuration-interaction (single-CI) method are used to obtain optical absorption spectra. We discuss the following properties: (1) The attraction between the excited electron and the remaining hole makes the excitation energy smaller when the correlations are taken into account by the single-CI. The oscillator strengths of the lower excited states become relatively larger than in the HF calculations. (2) We look at variations of relative oscillator strengths of two or three kinds of excitons described by the single-CI. While the excess-electron concentration is small, the ratio of the oscillator strengths of the exciton with the lowest energy, which is calculated against the total electronic excitation oscillator strengths, increases almost linearly. The oscillator strengths accumulate at this exciton as the concentration increases.Comment: See http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/ 1) The pointers which link to physics related WWW sites - especially in Japan - are summarized in the "WWW for Physics" section: http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/PHYS_WWW.html 2) The obtained PHYS-FAQ documents (related to the fj.sci.physics - fj means 'from Japan' -) and several useful pointers are listed in the "Physics Forum" section: http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/PHYS_FAQ.htm