1,035 research outputs found
Shear viscosity of a highly excited string and the black hole membrane paradigm
Black hole membrane paradigm states that a certain viscous membrane seems to
be sitting on a stretched horizon of a black hole from the viewpoint of a
distant observer. We show that the shear viscosity of the fictitious membrane
can be reproduced by a highly excited string covering the stretched horizon
except for a numerical coefficient.Comment: 22 pages, no figure, minor correction
On the link between conscious function and general intelligence in humans and machines
In popular media, there is often a connection drawn between the advent of awareness in artificial agents and those same agents simultaneously achieving human or superhuman level intelligence. In this work, we explore the validity and potential application of this seemingly intuitive link between consciousness and intelligence. We do so by examining the cognitive abilities associated with three contemporary theories of conscious function: Global Workspace Theory (GWT), Information Generation Theory (IGT), and Attention Schema Theory (AST). We find that all three theories specifically relate conscious function to some aspect of domain-general intelligence in humans. With this insight, we turn to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and find that, while still far from demonstrating general intelligence, many state-of-the-art deep learning methods have begun to incorporate key aspects of each of the three functional theories. Given this apparent trend, we use the motivating example of mental time travel in humans to propose ways in which insights from each of the three theories may be combined into a unified model. We believe that doing so can enable the development of artificial agents which are not only more generally intelligent but are also consistent with multiple current theories of conscious function
Phonon Dynamics and Multipolar Isomorphic Transition in beta-pyrochlore KOs2O6
We investigate with a microscopic model anharmonic K-cation oscillation
observed by neutron experiments in beta-pyrochlore superconductor KOs2O6, which
also shows a mysterious first-order structural transition at Tp=7.5 K. We have
identified a set of microscopic model parameters that successfully reproduce
the observed temperature dependence and the superconducting transition
temperature. Considering changes in the parameters at Tp, we can explain
puzzling experimental results about electron-phonon coupling and neutron data.
Our analysis demonstrates that the first-order transition is multipolar
transition driven by the octupolar component of K-cation oscillations. The
octupole moment does not change the symmetry and is characteristic to
noncentrosymmetric K-cation potential.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Transport coefficients of D1-D5-P system and the membrane paradigm
I discuss a correspondence between string theory and the black hole membrane
paradigm in the context of the D1-D5-P system. By using the Kubo formula, I
calculate transport coefficients of the effective string model induced by two
kinds of minimal scalars. Then, I show that these transport coefficients
exactly agree with the corresponding membrane transport coefficients of a
five-dimensional near-extremal black hole with three charges.Comment: 11 pages, no figure; v2: minor corrections, accepted for publication
in Physical Review
Studies on the Saline Injury on Crops. : I-2 The Effect on the Growth and on the Maturity of Wheat as produced by the Saline Water Irrigation at the Ear Formation Period.
小麦農林52号を供試し,生育時期を異にして各10日間づつ2.5%の塩水を与えた場合,特に幼穗形成期に於ける塩害経過後の生育並に稔実には次の如き2,3の特異現象があらわれた. 1.害微出現率では新葉にも未だ被害を認めるが,除塩後,葉位の進むに従つて葉位別の害徴増加率は他の時期の塩害区に比して著しく減少する. 2.塩水添加による害徴の増加量は全育相を通じて最大であるにも拘わらず,除塩後の増加が殆んどなく,塩害経過日数が極めて短い. 3.幼穗形成期及此の直前の時期に塩害を蒙つた場合には葉数が増す.4.1小穂平均粒数,1粒重,稔実指数は他の時期の塩害区に比して極めて良い
A Possible Phase Transition in beta-pyrochlore Compounds
We investigate a lattice of interacting anharmonic oscillators by using a
mean field theory and exact diagonalization. We construct an effective
five-state hopping model with intersite repulsions as a model for
beta-pyrochlore AOs_2O_6(A=K, Rb or Cs). We obtain the first order phase
transition line from large to small oscillation amplitude phases as temperature
decreases. We also discuss the possibility of a phase with local electric
polarizations. Our theory can explain the origin of the mysterious first order
transition in KOs_2O_6.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Existence and uniqueness for Legendre curves
We give a moving frame of a Legendre curve (or, a frontal) in the unite tangent bundle and define a pair of smooth functions of a Legendre curve like as the curvature of a regular plane curve. The existence and uniqueness for Legendre curves are holded like as regular plane curves. It is quite useful to analyse the Legendre curves. As applications, we consider contact between Legendre curves and the arc-length parameter of Legendre immersions in the unite tangent bundle.
MarvelD3 regulates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway during eye development in Xenopus.
Ocular morphogenesis requires several signalling pathways controlling the expression of transcription factors and cell-cycle regulators. However, despite a well-known mechanism, the dialogue between those signals and factors remains to be unveiled. Here, we identify a requirement for MarvelD3, a tight junction transmembrane protein, in eye morphogenesis in Xenopus MarvelD3 depletion led to an abnormally pigmented eye or even an eye-less phenotype, which was rescued by ectopic MarvelD3 expression. Altering MarvelD3 expression led to deregulated expression of cell-cycle regulators and transcription factors required for eye development. The eye phenotype was rescued by increased c-Jun terminal Kinase activation. Thus, MarvelD3 links tight junctions and modulation of the JNK pathway to eye morphogenesis
Excitons in soliton and bipolaron lattice states of doped Peierls systems
Exciton effects on soliton and bipolaron lattice states are investigated
using an electron-lattice Peierls model with long-range Coulomb interactions.
The Hartree-Fock (HF) approximation and the single-excitation
configuration-interaction (single-CI) method are used to obtain optical
absorption spectra. We discuss the following properties: (1) The attraction
between the excited electron and the remaining hole makes the excitation energy
smaller when the correlations are taken into account by the single-CI. The
oscillator strengths of the lower excited states become relatively larger than
in the HF calculations. (2) We look at variations of relative oscillator
strengths of two or three kinds of excitons described by the single-CI. While
the excess-electron concentration is small, the ratio of the oscillator
strengths of the exciton with the lowest energy, which is calculated against
the total electronic excitation oscillator strengths, increases almost
linearly. The oscillator strengths accumulate at this exciton as the
concentration increases.Comment: See http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/ 1) The pointers which link
to physics related WWW sites - especially in Japan - are summarized in the
"WWW for Physics" section: http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/PHYS_WWW.html
2) The obtained PHYS-FAQ documents (related to the fj.sci.physics - fj means
'from Japan' -) and several useful pointers are listed in the "Physics Forum"
section: http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/PHYS_FAQ.htm
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