Preselection of germplasm of Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb. with shade-tolerance

El estudio de la respuesta al sombreado en especies forrajeras nativas es una estrategia de premejoramiento útil para la selección de los materiales adaptados a los sistemas productivos silvopastoriles, predominantes en la ganadería de cría bovina de Argentina. En el presente estudio se evaluaron caracteres agronómicos y ecofisiológicos en entradas de Macroptilium lathyroides del banco de germoplasma Ing. Agr. José M. Alonso de la UNL, en condiciones naturales y artificiales de luz y sombra. La respuesta general estuvo asociada a una estrategia de escape al sombreado, donde las plantas elongaron más los tallos y produjeron mayor área foliar en perjuicio de la biomasa radical y foliar. Sin embargo, se identificaron entradas cuya biomasa de tallo y raíz no sufrieron modificaciones significativas bajo sombra. No obstante, la conductividad estomática y la tasa fotosintética se vieron afectadas en todas las entradas en condiciones de sombra, independientemente de la biomasa relativa al testigo.Studies of shade effects on native forage species support pre-breeding process and are useful to establish selection criteria in plant breeding programs for the agroforestry systems prevailing in the Argentine livestock production. In the present study, ecophysiological and agronomic traits were evaluated in accessions of Macroptilium lathyroides belonging to the germplasm bank “Ing. Agr. José M. Alonso” of the UNL, under both natural and artifi cial light conditions. The general response has been related to a shade-avoidance strategy, where plants showed longer stems and greater leaf area in detriment of root and leaf biomass. Even so, accessions without a signifi cant stem and root biomass reduction under shading were identifi ed. However, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate were affected on all accessions subject to shade, independently of the produced biomass relative to control.Fil: Marinoni, Lorena del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral. - Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Sartor, Sebastián. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Dellaferrera, Ignacio Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral. - Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Zabala, Juan Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral. - Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentin

Estudio de seroprevalencia en personal de salud: Relación de la vacunación con la presencia de infección previa por SARS-COV-2 en el contexto de la campaña nacional de vacunación para coronavirus luego de la primer dosis Gam-COVID-VAc (Sputnik-V)

In the context of the vaccination campaign for health personnel at high risk of exposure to SARS-COV-2 with the Sputnik-V vaccine, a study of seroprevalence of antibodies is proposed through the lateral flow test (Test of IgM and IgG antibodies of lateral flow type. COVID19 IgG / IgM Rapid Test from Orient Gene Biotech) in individuals who have or have not received the Sputnik-V vaccine. During the months of January to March 2021 in all health personnel who voluntarily give their consent, after at least 21 days after the first dose of the vaccine and in personnel who have not been vaccinated, the detection will be carried out qualitative antibody test with the lateral flow test (COVID19 IgG / IgM Rapid Test from Orient Gene Biotech), also recording previous RT-PCR, previous serology with IgG with a similar method, vaccination and seroconversion attributable to the first vaccination dose. Episodes of new infection will also be recorded in the period from 7 days after vaccination and during the follow-up period. The main objective of this work is to detect the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-COV-2 in health personnel with high exposure after the first dose of the Sputnik-V vaccine, as well as in unvaccinated personnel and its relationship with a previous confirmed infection for SARS -COV-2.En el contexto de la campaña de vacunación del personal de salud con alto riesgo de exposición para SARS-COV-2 con la vacuna Sputnik 5, se plantea la realización de un estudio de seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a través del test de flujo lateral (Test de anticuerpos IgM e IgG de tipo flujo lateral. COVID19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test from Orient Gene Biotech) en individuos que haya o no recibido la vacuna Sputnik 5. Durante los meses de Enero a Marzo del 2021 en todo el personal de salud que preste en forma voluntaria su consentimiento, luego de al menos 21 días luego de la primera dosis de la vacuna y en personal que no haya sido vacunado, se realizará la detección cualitativa de anticuerpos con el test de flujo lateral (COVID19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test from Orient Gene Biotech) consignándose además PCR-RT previa, serología previa con IgG con método similar, vacunación y seroconversión atribuible a la primera dosis de vacunación. También se consignará episodios de infección nueva en el período que va desde 7 días luego de la vacunación y durante el período de seguimiento.  El objetivo principal de este trabajo es detectar la prevalencia de anticuerpos para SARS-COV-2 en personal de salud de alta exposición luego de la primera dosis de la vacuna Sputnik 5 además en personal no vacunado y su relación con infección previa confirmada para SARS-COV-2

St. Louis Encephalitis virus mosquito vectors dynamics in three different environments in relation to remotely sensed environmental conditions

In Argentina the St. Louis Encephalitis virus (SLEV) is an endemic and widely distributed pathogen transmitted by the cosmopolitan mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. During two outbreaks in Córdoba city, in 2005 and 2010, Culex interfor was also found infected, but its role as vector of SLEV is poorly known. This mosquito species is distributed from central Argentina to southern Brazil. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the population dynamic of Cx. interfor and Cx. quinquefasciatus in three different environments (urban, suburban and non-urban) in relation to remotely sensed environmental data for vegetation (NDVI and NDWI) and temperature (brightness temperature). Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. interfor were found at the three sampled sites, being both the most abundant Culex species, with peaks in early and midsummer. Temporal distribution patterns of both mosquito species were highly correlated in a non-urban area of high SLEV risk transmission. Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. interfor were associated with the most urbanized site and the non-urban environment, respectively; high significant correlations were detected between vegetation indices and abundance of both mosquito species confirming these associations. These data provide a foundation for building density maps of these two SLEV mosquito vectors using remotely sensed data to help inform vector control programs.Fil: Batallán, Pedro Gonzalo. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Instituto de Ambientes de Montaña y Regiones Áridas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Estallo, Elizabet Lilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Flores, Fernando Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sartor, Paolo Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Contigiani de Minio, Marta Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Almiron, Walter Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Selective behavior of Creole goats in response to the functional heterogeneity of native forage species of the central Monte desert, Argentina

The changes in forage availability and the physicochemical variability of plants influence the diet selection by herbivores. In this study, the foraging behavior of Creole goats was studied in terms of botanical composition of the diet, food availability and physicochemical properties of vegetation. The study was performed in a desert rangeland in the northeast (NE) Mendoza region in Argentina. Experiments with grazing goats were made in dry (winter) and wet (summer) seasons and cafeteria experiments (feeding trial) were performed during the summer. Food availability was estimated from forage species cover. Botanical composition of the goat?s diet was determined by microhistological analysis of fecal samples. Morphological parts of forage species consumed by goats were sampled and analyzed to determine chemical traits (plant nutrients and secondary metabolites) in both seasons. Also, during summer, the two morphological traits of browse species stem specific density (SSD) and specific leaf area (SLA) were evaluated. In the experiments with grazing goats, diet selection was evaluated based on Ivlev?s electivity index (?I) and, in cafeteria experiments, preference was estimated based on the number of bites. Diet selection varied between the two seasons. Grazing goats showed differences in the patterns of diet selection related to changes in forage availability. The botanical composition of the diet had a greater (p < 0.001) participation of woody species in relation to grass species in both sea-sons, but the herbaceous stratum was more utilized by goats during the summer according to their higher availability. Correlations between diet and availability were positive in both seasons, but not significant in summer. The models including crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total phenols (TP) had substantial support for predicting variation in diet selection in summer and winter. In both seasons the preference increased as the concentrations of CP, NDF and TP increased, but the effect of CP was significant only in winter. Thus, goats selected supplementary food mixtures (mixed diet) and tannins were not considered dissuasive but, rather, were maintained below a certain threshold. In summer, SSD was negatively and significantly related to diet selection by grazing goats. This morphological trait allowed explaining a greater percentage of the variation in ?I (36%) with regard to the variation explained by the chemical variables (16%). In cafeteria experiments, in summer, the optimization of nutrient intake rate through consumption of species with low SSD values represented a best explanation for the preferences observed, whereas the hypotheses of minimization of secondary metabolites and maximization of nutrients were not able to fully explain the preferences observed in cafeteria experiments. To conclude, dietary decisions by goats in desert rangelands could be interpreted in terms of intake rate optimization and complementation of nutrients and secondary compounds, rather than by explanations involving the isolated effects of nutrient intake maximization or tannin intake minimization.Fil: Egea, Angela Vanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Allegretti, Liliana Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Paez Lama, Sebastián Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Grilli, Diego Javier. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sartor, Carmen Elena. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fucili, Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Guevara, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Passera, Carlos Bernardo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentin

Diccionario de acontecimientos de derechas en el siglo XXI en América Latina

Este libro se origina fruto del diálogo y la construcción mancomunada del conocimiento en el Centro de Estudios Comparados de la Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario y en el marco de la integración de preocupaciones e intereses de distintos proyectos de investigación radicados en esta universidad y en el CONICET. Esto explica la heterogeneidad que presentan los/as distintos autores/as de las entradas, desde académicos de trayectoria, investigadores en proceso de formación, hasta estudiantes avanzados. Diccionario de acontecimientos de derechas en el siglo XXI en América Latina es una obra de referencia para la reflexión profunda, articulada y sesuda de los itinerarios, derroteros y fisonomía que adquieren las derechas políticas en la región, en un siglo de vértigo, cambio y vorágine. Por ello, es una obra recomendada para quienes busquen auscultar la complejidad de la política regional en el siglo XXI; reconocer las facetas y lindes que adquieren las derechas en cada uno de los países cuando se tornan visibles en el espacio público político; y, finalmente, advertir las continuidades y rupturas de la historia política contemporánea de América Latina a la luz de sus pliegues y acontecimientos más destacados.Fil: Iglesias, Esteban. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales; Argentina

Consumption of Lactobacillus casei fermented milk prevents Salmonella reactive arthritis by modulating IL-23/IL-17 expression.

Reactive arthritis is the development of sterile joint inflammation as a sequel to a remote infection, often in the gut. We have previously shown that a low dose of S. enteritidis inoculated to streptomycin-pretreated mice generates a self-limiting enterocolitis suitable for studying reactive arthritis. Here we show that consumption of Lactobacillus casei prior to infection abolishes intestinal and joint inflammation triggered by Salmonella. BALB/c mice were sacrificed after infection; intestinal and joint samples were analyzed for histological changes and expression of cytokines. TNF-α was measured by ELISA and the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23 and TGF-β was assessed by qPCR. L. casei consumption prevented Salmonella-induced synovitis, the increment of TNF-α in knees and the increase of IL-17 expression in popliteal and inguinal lymph nodes. At intestinal level consumption of L. casei drastically diminished S. enteritidis invasiveness and shortened splenic persistence of the pathogen. Bacterial loads recovered at days 2 and 5 from Peyer's patches were 10-fold lower in mice fed with L. casei. In accordance, we found that the augment in gut permeability induced during enterocolitis was decreased in those animals. Consumption of L. casei prior to infection failed to increase anti- inflammatory molecules such as IL-10 and TGF-β in the intestine. On the other hand, consumption of L. casei abrogated the expression of TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, IL-1β and IL-6 in cecum and mesenteric lymph nodes. These cytokines are needed for differentiation of immune cells involved in the development of reactive arthritis such as Th17 and γδ T cells. Trafficking of these inflammatory cells from the gut to the joints has been proposed as a mechanism of generation of reactive arthritis. Our results suggest that L. casei consumption prevents Salmonella-induced synovitis by altering the intestinal milieu necessary for differentiation of cells involved in the generation of joint inflammation

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data