Utilização de nitrogênio e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar (cana-planta) em solo arenoso com incorporação de resíduos da cultura

Com o objetivo de avaliar a produção da cana-de-açúcar (cana-planta) e a utilização do N da uréia aplicada no plantio, com incorporação de restos culturais ao solo (raízes, rizomas, colmos, ponteiro e folhas secas), desenvolveu-se um experimento em vasos (220 L) que continham terra de textura arenosa. Os fatores de estudo foram: doses de N no plantio 0, 30, 60 e 90 kg ha-1 de N-uréia marcada com 15N e restos culturais de cana-de-açúcar incorporados ao solo, com ou sem folhas secas. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, sendo o experimento levado a efeito em Piracicaba (SP), de janeiro a dezembro de 1996. A cana-planta respondeu à adubação nitrogenada em produção de colmos e rendimento em açúcar, independentemente do tipo de resto cultural incorporado ao solo. A adubação nitrogenada, associada à incorporação de resíduos culturais ao solo, fez com que a cana-planta acumulasse maior quantidade total de N. Independentemente da dose de N-uréia aplicada, a planta utilizou 54 % desse N, contribuindo as raízes e rizomas com 10 % dessa recuperação. A fertilização nitrogenada no plantio favoreceu o crescimento das raízes e o estoque de N no sistema radicular

Residual effects of successive exposure of soybean Bradyrhizobium strains to aluminium on solid defined medium

The aim of these studies was to investigate whether residual toxic effects of exposing soybean root nodule bacteria to Al in a solid defined media (SDM) alter tolerance to Al, survival, sensitivity to antibiotics, N2 fixation effectiveness and genetic diversity of Bradyrhizobium strains. After being exposed four times to Al, strains showed variation in Al tolerance but there was no evidence of change in their original Al tolerance, sensitivity to the antibiotics or genetic diversity. Exposure of Bradyrhizobium strains to SDM plus Al did not alter biological N2 fixation effectiveness of five strains. Strain SEMIA 587 showed a reduction in its N2 fixation effectiveness but it seems that it was just a superficial toxic effect because one single passage through the plant eliminated this effect. Residual Al did not cause increases in Al tolerance and reductions in the survival and N2 fixation effectiveness of Bradyrhizobium strains USDA 143, SEMIA 586, SEMIA 5019, SEMIA 5039 and SEMIA 5073. It also did not alter the resistance to antibiotics of strains USDA 143, SEMIA 5039 and SEMIA 5073, and the genetic diversity of the strains SEMIA 587 and SEMIA 5019

Horsemeat: Increasing Quality and Nutritional Value

The characteristics of meat obtained from horses and donkeys are discussed in this chapter. Higher nutritional value, particularly the low-fat content, and higher proportion of health-related fatty acids are the main characteristics that support the role of equine meat as potential substitute of bovine meat. The current productive system is considered as main factor to influence equine meat quality

Horsemeat: Increasing Quality and Nutritional Value

The characteristics of meat obtained from horses and donkeys are discussed in this chapter. Higher nutritional value, particularly the low-fat content, and higher proportion of health-related fatty acids are the main characteristics that support the role of equine meat as potential substitute of bovine meat. The current productive system is considered as main factor to influence equine meat quality