Sustainable Revolution for a Greener Planet – Possibilities in the Indian Context

The key challenge of the urbanisation process is the rise in population at a rapid pace. Although the reason is the aim of a better life for people, it is costing the environment and healthy living to a great extent in diverse ways. This sudden rise in population attracts uninvited guests like pollution, traffic, congestion, lack of green spaces, urban heat island effect, etc. The paper aims to study the environmental effects of the increased urban population, to bring sustainable awareness and environmental justice to the planet. The study draws comparisons of effects between the countries of the world and India, which in turn helps in formulating diverse ways to raise a sustainable revolution, and their applicability in developing countries like India. The approach helps understand the impact that can cause if not implemented at the earliest. The 2022 ranking of the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and Sustainable Development Report (SDR) shows that India occupied the 180th position out of 180 countries, and the 121st position out of 163 respectively, indicating the necessity for a sustainable revolution in the context of India at a much bigger scale than the present. This not only shows different parameters affecting the planet but also the roles of diverse people in the revolution. The sustainable revolution can be achieved by the use of renewable energy techniques, energy-saving fixtures, control mechanisms, and responsive measures. The key methodology here is to apply these to the cities around the globe which would draw inspiration and awareness to others, thereby transforming the whole planet into sustainable practice. This revolution should start right from the smaller products at the building and the community level. The concern for health and luxury needs to be combined to form a single sustainable by-product. The perspective of products for a single-use needs to be changed and addressed. Sustainable awareness of different products, materials, and standards should be raised among diverse individuals, like students, teachers, employees, government servants, etc. Awareness campaigns at various places would help to revolutionise sustainable practice on a large scale, especially when the results are seen straight away. The paper concludes with the diverse ways of raising sustainable revolution that help in making a greener planet, which reduces expenses drastically and boosts people’s confidence. Once, people get used to this, it would be a game-changer for the planet’s health. The paper also discusses the role of government and people, where the former play a key role in taking the revolution to further heights

Effect of Unequal Lot Sizes, Variable Setup Cost, and Carbon Emission Cost in a Supply Chain Model

Due to heavy transportation for single-setup multidelivery (SSMD) policy in supply chain management, this model assumes carbon emission cost to obtain a realistic behavior for world environment. The transportation for buyer and vendor is considered along with setup cost reduction by using an investment function. It is assumed that the shipment lot size of each delivery is unequal and variable. The buyer inspects all received products and returns defective items to vendor for reworking process. Because of this policy, end customers will only obtain nondefective items. The analytical optimization is considered to obtain the optimum solution of the model. The main goal of this paper is to reduce the total cost by considering carbon emission during the transportation. A numerical example, graphical representation, and sensitivity analysis are given to illustrate the model

Studies on β-enaminonitriles: Part III-Reaction of β-aminocrotononitrile with unsaturated acid chlorides : Benary revisited

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Work related risk factors for low back pain among nurses in a tertiary level hospital, Dhaka -Bangladesh

Background: Low back pain, the most commonly reported musculoskeletal problem, is a major burden on individuals, health systems and social care systems with the indirect cost being predominant. This is highly recommended to reveal the information concerning LBP prevalence and its‟ associated risk factors among the working population to develop an effective and efficient preventive approach and intervention program. Nursing professionals are at great risk of developing LBP through the world reported in different studies. However, there is scarcity of evidence regarding symptoms prevalence and associated risk factors in the context of Bangladesh. Objectives: The objectives were to find out the socio – demographic information of nurses; prevalence of LBP, to find out the most commonly affected body parts, duration of lower back pain among the nurses and nurses-oriented tasks/factors associated with lower back pain in tertiary level hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 participants who were selected by using convenient sampling. The Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence and association between Musculoskeletal Symptoms and socio-demographic factors and to identify physical risk factors of musculoskeletal symptoms among the nurses. Result: In this study, Physical factor for back pain by heavy loads (more than 5kg) were 77% and did not low back pain were 23%.Job related risk factors for back pain by heavy loads (more than 5kg) were 97% and did not low back pain were 3%.Among 100 participants 66% participant’s said that they had pain in the last 12 months   and 34% participant said that they had no pain during the last 12 months. There was significant association between Low back pain and how long the Nurses working in this hospitalConclusion: Now a days work related musculoskeletal disorders is the greatest problem in the world among the working population. At a same time, nurses are also suffering from different musculoskeletal disorders. Subsequently, this study shows that there is a high risk of musculoskeletal symptoms among the nurses. It will be managed by reducing physical risk factors through effective ergonomic management

A Stackelberg Game Approach in an Integrated Inventory Model with Carbon-Emission and Setup Cost Reduction

This paper formulates an integrated inventory model that allows Stackelberg game policy for optimizing joint total cost of a vendor and buyer system. After receiving the lot, the buyer commences an inspection process to determine the defective items. All defective items the buyer sends to vendor during the receiving of the next lot. Due to increasing number of shipments fixed and variable transportation, as well as carbon emissions, are considered, which makes the model sustainable integrated model forever. To reduce the setup cost for the vendor, a discrete setup reduction is considered for maximization more profit. The players of the integrated model are with unequal power (as leader and follower) and the Stackelberg game strategy is utilized to solve this model for obtaining global optimum solution over the finite planning horizon. An illustrative numerical example is given to understand this model clearly

Mucocutaneous changes in tuberous sclerosis complex: A clinical profile of 27 Indian patients

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease resulting in a wide array of clinical manifestations, primarily affecting the skin and central nervous system. Mucocutaneous features play a very important role in the recognition of this syndrome. Aims: To review the prevalence and patterns of cutaneous manifestations in tuberous sclerosis, in a group of patients from eastern India. Methods: Observational clinical study on twenty-seven consecutive patients of tuberous sclerosis collected during a period of four years. Results: Most were between 10-20 years of age; the male to female ratio was 2:1. Family history was found in two-thirds. The classical triad of tuberous sclerosis was present in only nine (33.3%) patients. Adenoma sebaceum was the most common cutaneous feature (100%), followed by hypomelanotic macules (92.6%), connective tissue nevi (66.6%), and Koenen′s tumors (33.3%). Oral mucosal fibromas were seen in six (22.22%) patients. Fibromatous plaque over forehead and scalp was seen in three patients. Limitation of the study was small size of study sample. Conclusion: Prominent mucocutaneous changes are extremely common manifestation of TSC, which may provide crucial diagnostic clues for primary care physicians