A simple model for molecular hydrogen chemistry coupled to radiation hydrodynamics

We introduce non-equilibrium molecular hydrogen chemistry into the radiation hydrodynamics code Ramses-RT. This is an adaptive mesh refinement grid code with radiation hydrodynamics that couples the thermal chemistry of hydrogen and helium to moment-based radiative transfer with the Eddington tensor closure model. The H2 physics that we include are formation on dust grains, gas phase formation, formation by three-body collisions, collisional destruction, photodissociation, photoionization, cosmic ray ionization, and self-shielding. In particular, we implement the first model for H2 self-shielding that is tied locally to moment-based radiative transfer by enhancing photodestruction. This self-shielding from Lyman-Werner line overlap is critical to H2 formation and gas cooling. We can now track the non-equilibrium evolution of molecular, atomic, and ionized hydrogen species with their corresponding dissociating and ionizing photon groups. Over a series of tests we show that our model works well compared to specialized photodissociation region codes. We successfully reproduce the transition depth between molecular and atomic hydrogen, molecular cooling of the gas, and a realistic Stromgren sphere embedded in a molecular medium. In this paper we focus on test cases to demonstrate the validity of our model on small scales. Our ultimate goal is to implement this in large-scale galactic simulations.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, printed in MNRA

Inclusive Health Programming for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

Indiana University Purdue University IndianapolisPeople with intellectual disabilities face many health disparities including limited access, knowledge, communication, and quality healthcare services. The capstone experience aimed to decrease some of the gaps that the intellectual disabilities community faces. The project applied the focuses of education and advocacy to increase awareness in society of inclusive healthcare. Through the various projects completed in the capstone experience, the target populations received educational resources and materials to increase participation. The capstone was designed to assist in people with intellectual disabilities to achieve their full health potential by providing access to quality health providers, educational opportunities, and resource and feedback sharing. Through qualitative feedback and discussions, the capstone experience engaged members of the intellectual disability (ID) community to increase knowledge and independence of their own health. The capstone student gained competence in working with the ID population as well as the significance of inclusive healthcare in future career decisions and client interactions. The overall capstone experience resulted in an increase in inclusive healthcare through the organization and for a future statewide level in the community.Occupational Therap

Our Lady of the Rockies Tram: Marketing Plan and Ridership Estimates

This marketing plan and ridership estimation address the proposed project of constructing a tram up the front of the Continental Divide to the Our Lady of the Rockies statue near Butte, Montana. This report estimates and projects the potential number of riders for this tram over a ten-year period, while providing a five-year marketing plan

Effectiveness of Therapeutic Positioning on Preterm Infants in the NICU

Indiana University Purdue University IndianapolisIn this systematic review, we examine the potential positive impacts that positioning techniques and devices can have on physiological, neurological, and developmental outcomes in preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). This paper describes the reasoning behind the beneficial effects of positioning strategies and how they can lead to healthy development. Due to the stress-inducing, high intensity environment of the NICU, non-invasive interventions that promote healthy physiological and neurological responses are undeniably necessary. Positioning techniques such as skin-to-skin contact, the use of different devices, and varying positions all have evidence supporting the effectiveness of positioning on developmental responses and outcomes. Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are positioning professionals, making their role in the NICU very valuable.Occupational Therap

Development of an online public health curriculum for medical students: the public health commute

Background As public health becomes increasingly central to the practice of medicine, educational efforts are necessary to prepare medical students to apply public health concepts in their care of patients. There are few accessible and informative tools to prepare students to engage with population health challenges. Methods We distributed an online questionnaire to clinical students, querying gaps in their education on public health topics. Based upon the responses, we developed a web-based curriculum for medical students rotating at a public safety-net hospital on pediatrics, medicine, primary care, psychiatry, and surgery services from April–December 2017 (available at www.publichealthcommute.com ). Students received guiding questions and media-based resources (e.g. podcasts, TedTalks, YouTube videos) in weekly modules addressing topics in public health. Each module incorporated 30 min of mobile-optimized content, including specific data relating the topic to the Central Harlem community. Familiarity with public health was assessed with pre- and post-program quizzes, including 10 multiple-choice and 2 open-ended questions. Results Among the 70 participating students, 59 (84%) completed both the pre- and post-assessments. The five-week curriculum covered health systems, social determinants, race, substance use, violence, and alternative care models. After completing the five-week curriculum, the mean correct score on a multiple-choice quiz rose from 57 to 66% (p = 0.001). In the qualitative section of the test, students were asked what public health topics should be taught in medical school. Frequently suggested topics included social determinants of health (25%), epidemiology (25%), health systems (25%), insurance (21%), policy (17%), economics (17%), racism (15%), and health disparities (8%). When asked how public health will impact their medical career, students frequently responded that it would greatly impact their clinical practice (49%), choice of residency program (17%), and decision to pursue advocacy or additional degrees (15%). Conclusions Learners participating in this five-week online public health curriculum demonstrated a significant increase in public health knowledge. The online format allowed for high participation across five different specialty rotations, and community-specific data allowed students to recognize the importance of public health in medical practice

Inoculum Size Effect in Dimorphic Fungi: Extracellular Control of Yeast-Mycelium Dimorphism in \u3ci\u3eCeratocystis ulmi\u3c/i\u3e

We studied the inoculum size effect in Ceratocystis ulmi, the dimorphic fungus that causes Dutch elm disease. In a defined glucose-proline-salts medium, cells develop as budding yeasts when inoculated at \u3e106 spores per ml and as mycelia when inoculated at type, age of the spores, temperature, pH, oxygen availability, trace metals, sulfur source, phosphorous source, or the concentration of glucose or proline. Similarly, it was not influenced by added adenosine, reducing agents, methyl donors, amino sugars, fatty acids, or carbon dioxide. Instead, growing cells excreted an unknown quorum-sensing factor that caused a morphological shift from mycelia to budding yeasts. This yeast-promoting effect is abolished if it is extracted with an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate. The quorum-sensing activity acquired by the organic solvent could be added back to fresh medium in a dosedependent fashion. The quorum-sensing activity in C. ulmi spent medium was specific for C. ulmi and had no effect on the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans or the photomorphogenic fungus Penicillium isariaeforme. In addition, farnesol, the quorum-sensing molecule produced by C. albicans, did not inhibit mycelial development of C. ulmi when present at concentrations of up to 100 μM. We conclude that the inoculum size effect is a manifestation of a quorum-sensing system that is mediated by an excreted extracellular molecule, and we suggest that quorum sensing is a general phenomenon in dimorphic fungi