Predicting children's externalizing symptoms from dyadic and triadic measures of family systems

textAccording to Family Systems Theory, the whole family system is greater than the sum of its parts. The purpose of this study is to investigate this claim by examining marital, parent-child, and triadic (mother-father-child) interactions as simultaneous predictors of children's externalizing symptoms. Longitudinal data from 108 families were used to investigate three hypotheses: 1) parents' negative responses to their toddlers' negative emotions will predict their children's later externalizing symptoms, 2) marital negativity will relate to both mothers and fathers displaying more negative patterns of emotional socialization, and 3) competitive coparenting -- assessed in triadic family interactions during toddlerhood (age 24 months) -- will predict children's later externalizing symptoms at age 7, after accounting for the effects of significant dyadic family interactions (specifically, mothers' and fathers' emotional socialization assessed at 24 months). Results demonstrated spillover from marital negativity to mothers’ negative emotion socialization. Competitive coparenting predicted children's later emotion socialization after controlling for infant temperament, family income, child gender, and dyadic predictors of children's externalizing symptoms; mothers' negative emotional socialization also remained a significant predictor. This study emphasizes the importance of examining the family holistically and has important implications for designing more effective whole-family interventions to reduce the development of children’s externalizing symptoms.Human Development and Family Science

The EPSRC's policy of responsible innovation from a trading zones perspective

Responsible innovation (RI) is gathering momentum as an academic and policy debate linking science and society. Advocates of RI in research policy argue that scientific research should be opened up at an early stage so that many actors and issues can steer innovation trajectories. If this is done, they suggest, new technologies will be more responsible in different ways, better aligned with what society wants, and mistakes of the past will be avoided. This paper analyses the dynamics of RI in policy and practice and makes recommendations for future development. More specifically, we draw on the theory of ‘trading zones’ developed by Peter Galison and use it to analyse two related processes: (i) the development and inclusion of RI in research policy at the UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); (ii) the implementation of RI in relation to the Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering (SPICE) project. Our analysis reveals an RI trading zone comprised of three quasi-autonomous traditions of the research domain – applied science, social science and research policy. It also shows how language and expertise are linking and coordinating these traditions in ways shaped by local conditions and the wider context of research. Building on such insights, we argue that a sensible goal for RI policy and practice at this stage is better local coordination of those involved and we suggest ways how this might be achieved

Framing Outcomes and Program Assessment for Digital Scholarship Services: A Logic Model Approach

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by the Association of College and Research Libraries in College and Research Libraries in March 2021, available online: https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.2.142Assessing digital scholarship services offered either through academic libraries or elsewhere on campuses is important for both program development and service refinement. Digital scholarship support is influenced by fluid campus priorities and limited resources, including staffing, service models, infrastructure, and partnership opportunities available at a university. Digital scholarship support is built upon deep, ongoing relationships and there is an intrinsic need to balance these time-intensive collaborations with scalable service offerings. Therefore, typical library assessment methods do not adequately capture the sustained engagement and impacts to research support and collaboration that come from digital scholarship services. This article discusses the creation of a logic model as one approach to frame assessment of digital scholarship services in the university environment.Publisher allows immediate open acces

Analysis of a biologically-inspired system for real-time object recognition

We present a biologically-inspired system for real-time, feed-forward object recognition in cluttered scenes. Our system utilizes a vocabulary of very sparse features that are shared between and within different object models. To detect objects in a novel scene, these features are located in the image, and each detected feature votes for all objects that are consistent with its presence. Due to the sharing of features between object models our approach is more scalable to large object databases than traditional methods. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we train our system to recognize any of 50 objects in everyday cluttered scenes with substantial occlusion. Without further optimization we also demonstrate near-perfect recognition on a standard 3-D recognition problem. Our system has an interpretation as a sparsely connected feed-forward neural network, making it a viable model for fast, feed-forward object recognition in the primate visual system

Adolescents and Art Therapy: Exploring Safe Spaces Through Telehealth

This thesis discusses an art therapy intervention in a virtual partial hospitalization program (PHP) with an adolescent population. Research involving the use of safe spaces in therapy, telehealth, adolescent group development, group dynamics, and digital technology in art therapy was explored. The intervention involved adolescent clients depicting a visual safe space using digital tools and exploring the concept of safety through telehealth. After the intervention, clients reported an increase in self-reported mood on average. Common themes found in the artwork include physical safety by holding boundaries and being around items or people they felt comfortable around. Personal artistic responses were included, which explored personal feelings and responses to the client’s comments. A discussion exploring the future use of technology in art therapy and the use of this intervention is included

Investigating a novel antifungal drug that inhibits fatty acid desaturation

Invasive fungal infections represent a group of diseases that are of increasing worldwide concern. This group of diseases is associated with high mortality rates that can be attributed to widespread clinical drug resistance. Of significant concern, resistance has been recorded against every licenced clinical treatment. F900742 is a member of a novel and hopeful antifungal drug class that exerts activity through the inhibition of fatty acid desaturation. It is likely that F900742 directly targets the fatty acid desaturase 9 desaturase. F900742 demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo G. mellonella studies at low doses of drug. Ultrastructural analysis established that the inhibition of the OLE1 pathway induced the rapid formation of previously unidentified, lipid-dependent structures that are derived from the ER. It is predicted that these compartments are high in saturated acyl chain content. The sole 9 desaturase in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ole1p, relocalised to areas consistent with the aberrant structures. This investigation characterised a novel cellular response to acute inhibition of fatty acid desaturation through the formation of lipo-protective compartments that sequester toxic levels of saturated lipids. F900742 also induced mitochondrial fission and significant ROS production. Together this data suggested that the mechanism of action of F900742 is via lipid-dependent responses that quickly alters the lipidome in favour of saturated lipid content which induces ER and mitochondrial morphological phenotypes and subsequent activation of processes such as ROS production and the UPR

Heads I Win, Tails You Lose: The Expense of a \u3cem\u3eDe Novo\u3c/em\u3e Review of USPTO Decisions

Courts have traditionally deferred to the American Rule presumption against awarding attorney’s fees. On February 4, 2019, however, in Booking.com v. USPTO, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit held that the term “expenses” in 35 U.S.C. § 1071 allows the USPTO to recover attorney’s fees when an applicant challenges the denial of its trademark. In contrast, on July 17, 2018, the en banc United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in NantKwest, Inc. v. Iancu, held that the USPTO was not entitled to recover attorney’s fees pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 145—the patent analog to 15 U.S.C. § 1071. Both statutes require an applicant to pay “all of the expenses of the proceeding,” even if the applicant proves that the USPTO wrongly rejected their trademark or patent. On March 4, 2019, the Supreme Court granted certiorari in NantKwest to resolve the issue. This Comment argues that the statutory interpretation employed by the Federal Circuit in NantKwest is more faithful to Supreme Court precedent and canons of statutory construction than the interpretation employed by the Fourth Circuit in Booking.com. Accordingly, the Supreme Court should reaffirm the decision in NantKwest and disallow an award of attorney’s fees under 35 U.S.C. § 145 and 15 U.S.C. § 1071

Process Evaluation of ABC Grangegorman 2015-2017.

ABC Grangegorman: Vision Against Poverty was aimed at improving outcomes for 0-6 children and their families in the Grangegorman area that are experiencing poverty. The programme was delivered by a consortium of 27 organisations from the area and led by the DIT Access and Civic Engagement Office. Consortium organisations included local schools, pre-schools, crèches, community organisations, as well as statutory agencies including HSE, Tusla and the City of Dublin Education and Training Board (CDETB). ABC Grangegorman consisted of nine programmes, which included: Six interventions: Four Incredible Years (IY) programmes: IY Baby, IY Basic Parenting, IY Teacher Classroom Management, and IY Classroom Dina, Parent Child Home Programme (PCHP) and Doodle Den Two upskilling initiatives: Level 6 Childcare Programme and Level 7 Aistear and Siolta Childcare Programme for pre-school and crèche staff in the area The Referral Pathways programme which aimed to improve interagency working in terms of referrals and transitions to different settings and provide non-formal upskilling This evaluation includes primary research findings from consultations in the form of 27 one to one interviews and 9 focus groups with 55 participants. This included representatives from 21 of the 27 members of the consortium and 10 members of the Steering Group. Children were not included in the primary research. Secondary research was also carried out, including a review of available data and existing reviews of the programme as well as evaluations of other similar initiatives. This executive summary covers satisfaction levels, impact, critical success factors, challenges and barriers to implementation before summarising key recommendations for the continuation of interagency work in the area

In the Space Between: Listening to Young People Who Have Encountered a Managed Move

In this research project, I listen to how young people who have encountered a managed move make sense of their experiences. Managed moves are typically presented as an alternative to permanent exclusion, whereby young people undertake a trial period in a new educational setting while remaining on roll at their original school. These young people could be seen to occupy a liminal space, between belonging and exclusion, and I explore the implications this may have for subjectivity, before considering how findings might inform practice. Research in this area is limited and few studies critically examine notions of subjectivity and power. This project adopts a narrative methodology that privileges the voices of young people and facilitates an exploration of individual sense-making, while highlighting wider social and political factors. I approach the research from a critical realist perspective, drawing on poststructuralist and psychoanalytic theory in an attempt to bridge the divide between the political and the psychic. I argue a case for practice that is rooted in an understanding of complex subjectivity, recognising the subject as both agentic and vulnerable. This is considered as an ethical imperative, demanding further reflection on how we engage with marginalised young people