1,891 research outputs found
Development and Validation of the Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS)
Main Objectives: The narcissistic personality is characterized by grandiosity, entitlement, and low empathy. This paper describes the development and validation of the Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS). Although the use of longer instruments is superior in most circumstances, we recommend the SINS in some circumstances (e.g. under serious time constraints, online studies).
Methods: In 11 independent studies (total N = 2,250), we demonstrate the SINS\u27 psychometric properties.
Results: The SINS is significantly correlated with longer narcissism scales, but uncorrelated with self-esteem. It also has high test-retest reliability. We validate the SINS in a variety of samples (e.g., undergraduates, nationally representative adults), intrapersonal correlates (e.g., positive affect, depression), and interpersonal correlates (e.g., aggression, relationship quality, prosocial behavior). The SINS taps into the more fragile and less desirable components of narcissism.
Significance: The SINS can be a useful tool for researchers, especially when it is important to measure narcissism with constraints preventing the use of longer measures
Development and Validation of the Single Item Trait Empathy Scale (SITES)
Empathy involves feeling compassion for others and imagining how they feel. In this article, we develop and validate the Single Item Trait Empathy Scale (SITES), which contains only one item that takes seconds to complete. In seven studies (N = 5724), the SITES was found to be both reliable and valid. It correlated in expected ways with a wide variety of intrapersonal outcomes. For example, it is negatively correlated with narcissism, depression, anxiety, and alexithymia. In contrast, it is positively correlated with other measures of empathy, self-esteem, subjective well-being, and agreeableness. The SITES also correlates with a wide variety of interpersonal outcomes, especially compassion for others and helping others. The SITES is recommended in situations when time or question quantity is constrained
ALMA CO(3-2) Observations of Star-Forming Filaments in a Gas-Poor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
We report ALMA observations of CO(3-2) and CO(3-2) in the
gas-poor dwarf galaxy NGC 5253. These 0.3"(5.5 pc) resolution images reveal
small, dense molecular gas clouds that are located in kinematically distinct,
extended filaments. Some of the filaments appear to be falling into the galaxy
and may be fueling its current star formation. The most intense CO(3-2)
emission comes from the central 100 pc region centered on the luminous
radio-infrared HII region known as the supernebula. The CO(3-2) clumps within
the starburst region are anti-correlated with H on 5 pc scales,
but are well-correlated with radio free-free emission. Cloud D1, which
enshrouds the supernebula, has a high CO/CO ratio, as does
another cloud within the central 100 pc starburst region, possibly because the
clouds are hot. CO(3-2) emission alone does not allow determination of cloud
masses as molecular gas temperature and column density are degenerate at the
observed brightness, unless combined with other lines such as CO.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Accepted to Ap
First Views of a Nearby LIRG: Star Formation and Molecular Gas in IRAS 04296+2923
We present a first look at the local LIRG, IRAS04296+2923. This barred
spiral, overlooked because of its location in the Galactic plane, is among the
half dozen closest LIRGs. More IR-luminous than either M82 or the Antennae, it
may be the best local example of a nuclear starburst caused by bar-mediated
secular evolution. We present Palomar J and Pa beta images, VLA maps from
20-1.3cm, a Keck LWS image at 11.7mic and OVRO CO(1-0) and ^13CO(1-0), and 2.7
mm continuum images. The J-band image shows a symmetric barred spiral. Two
bright, compact mid-IR/radio sources in the nucleus comprise a starburst that
is equivalent to 10^5 O7 stars, probably a pair of young super star clusters
separated by 30pc. The nuclear starburst is forming stars at the rate of
~12Msun/yr, half of the total star formation rate for the galaxy of ~25Msun/yr.
IRAS04296 is bright in CO, and among the most gas-rich galaxies in the local
universe. The CO luminosity of the inner half kpc is equivalent to that of the
entire Milky Way. While the most intense CO emission extends over a 15"(2 kpc)
region, the nuclear starburst is confined to ~1-2"(150-250 pc) of the dynamical
center. From ^13CO, we find that the CO conversion factor in the nucleus is
higher than the Galactic value by a factor 3-4, typical of gas-rich spiral
nuclei. The nuclear star formation efficiency is M_gas/SFR^nuc = 2.7x10^-8
yr^-1, corresponding to gas consumption timescale, tau_SF^nuc~4x10^7 yrs. The
star formation efficiency is ten times lower in the disk, tau_SF^disk~3.3x10^8
yrs. The low absolute star formation efficiency in the disk implies that the
molecular gas is not completely consumed before it drifts into the nucleus, and
is capable of fueling a sustained nuclear starburst. IRAS04296 is beginning a
100Myr period as a LIRG, during which it will turn much of its 6x10^9Msun of
molecular gas into a nuclear cluster of stars. (abridged)Comment: Accepted, Astronomical Journa
High-dimensional additive modeling
We propose a new sparsity-smoothness penalty for high-dimensional generalized
additive models. The combination of sparsity and smoothness is crucial for
mathematical theory as well as performance for finite-sample data. We present a
computationally efficient algorithm, with provable numerical convergence
properties, for optimizing the penalized likelihood. Furthermore, we provide
oracle results which yield asymptotic optimality of our estimator for high
dimensional but sparse additive models. Finally, an adaptive version of our
sparsity-smoothness penalized approach yields large additional performance
gains.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS692 the Annals of
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Spatially Resolved Chemistry in Nearby Galaxies III. Dense Molecular Gas in the Inner Disk of the LIRG IRAS 04296+2923
We present a survey of 3 mm molecular lines in IRAS 04296+2923, one of the
brightest known molecular-line emitting galaxies, and one of the closest LIRGs.
Data are from the Owens Valley and CARMA millimeter interferometers. Species
detected at ~<4" resolution include C^18O, HCN, HCO+, HNC, CN, CH_3OH and,
tentatively, HNCO. Along with existing CO, ^13CO and radio continuum data,
these lines constrain the chemical properties of the inner disk. Dense
molecular gas in the nucleus fuels a star formation rate ~>10 M_sun/yr and is
traced by lines of HCN, HCO+, HNC, and CN. A correlation between HCN and star
formation rate is observed on sub-kpc scales, consistent with global relations.
Toward the nucleus, CN abundances are similar to those of HCN, indicating
emission comes from a collection (~40-50) of moderate visual extinction,
photon-dominated region clouds. The CO isotopic line ratios are unusual:
CO(1-0)/^13CO(1-0) and CO(1-0)/C^18O(1-0) line ratios are large toward the
starburst, as is commonly observed in LIRGs, but farther out in the disk these
ratios are remarkably low (~<3). ^13CO/C^18O abundance ratios are lower than in
Galactic clouds, possibly because the C^18O is enriched by massive star ejecta
from the starburst. ^13CO is underabundant relative to CO. Extended emission
from CH_3OH indicates that dynamical shocks pervade both the nucleus and the
inner disk. The unusual CO isotopologue ratios, the CO/HCN intensity ratio
versus L_IR, the HCN/CN abundance ratio and the gas consumption time versus
inflow rate, all indicate that the starburst in IRAS 04296+2923 is in an early
stage of development.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Sustainable Markets: Case Study Of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
“The traditional definition of sustainability calls for policies and strategies that meet society’s present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (1).” Sustainability is a concern in private and public sectors all over the world; it is an issue that resonates with people in all age ranges, income levels, and geographic locations. The main idea of sustainability is “reduce, reuse, and recycle.” People and organizations alike must consider every possible effect from the decisions they make in regards to the environment. With over 600,000,000 passenger cars on the road in the world, and over 50,000,000 passenger cars built each year, it is imperative that automakers make sustainable decisions (2). It is not just the large number of vehicles in the world that is cause for concern, but the immense amount of resources needed to manufacture, transport, and fuel them. Automakers must consider the impact that each car has during every stage of its life cycle, in addition to their responsibility to society (in terms of the environment, education, and safety) and the impact of their suppliers. This case study is designed to discuss the background of Toyota and highlight the company’s current actions in regard to sustainable marketing; a comparison will also be made to the sustainable efforts of Honda and Subaru
NGC 4102: High Resolution Infrared Observations of a Nuclear Starburst Ring
The composite galaxy NGC 4102 hosts a LINER nucleus and a starburst. We
mapped NGC 4102 in the 12.8 micron line of [NeII], using the echelon
spectrometer TEXES on the NASA IRTF, to obtain a data cube with 1.5" spatial
and 25 km/s spectral, resolution. Combining near-infrared, radio, and the
[NeII] data shows that the extinction to the starburst is substantial, more
than 2 magnitudes at K band, and that the neon abundance is less than half
solar. We find that the star formation in the nuclear region is confined to a
rotating ring or disk of 4.3" (~300 pc) diameter, inside the Inner Lindblad
Resonance. This region is an intense concentration of mass, with a dynamical
mass of ~3 x 10^9 solar masses, and of star formation. The young stars in the
ring produce the [NeII] flux reported by Spitzer for the entire galaxy. The
mysterious blue component of line emission detected in the near-infrared is
also seen in [NeII]; it is not a normal AGN outflow.Comment: submitted to Ap
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