Impact of Hard Palate Angulation Caused by Septal Deviation on Maxillary Sinus Volume

Objective: To investigate the effect of hard palate angulation caused by septal deviation on the volume of the maxillary sinus.Methods: Coronal computed tomographic (CT) scans of 1568 patients aged from 18 to 60 were examined. CT scans of 402 patients were included in the study. On these scans, the maxillary sinus volume, the angle of the nasal septal deviation, and the angulation of the hard palate were calculated using the ImageJ software. Each maxillary sinus volume was statistically compared with each other and with those in the control group. Correlations between palatal angulation and septal deviation were determined.Results: Deviated nasal septum whether with or without deflection of the hard palate was noted to have caused changes in the volume of the maxillary sinus in both female and male patients. The volume of the maxillary sinus on the deviated side was less than that of the opposite side, and the differences between the volumes of both sinuses were statistically significant (p<0.05). No significant differences were noted when compared with the control group. A positive correlation was observed between the nasal septal deviation angle and the angulation of the hard palate.Conclusion: Regardless of whether or not it affects the hard palate, nasal septal deviation reduces the volume of the maxillary sinus on the deviated side but does not affect the total volume of the maxillary sinuses. Significant differences between the volumes on the two sides can lead to facial asymmetry

Beneficial Effects of Montelukast Against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Toxicity: A Biochemical and Histological Study

The effects of montelukast against methotrexate-induced liver damage were investigated. 35 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: group I: control; group II: montelukast (ML); group III: methotrexate (Mtx); group IV: montelukast treatment after methotrexate application (Mtx + ML); group V: montelukast treatment before methotrexate application (ML + Mtx). At the end of the experiment, the liver tissues of rats were removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced glutathione levels were determined from liver tissues. In addition, the liver tissues were examined histologically. MDA and MPO levels of Mtx group were significantly increased when compared to control group. In Mtx + ML group, these parameters were decreased as compared to Mtx group. Mtx injection exhibited major histological alterations such as eosinophilic staining and swelling of hepatocytes. The glycogen storage in hepatocytes was observed as decreased by periodic acid schiff staining in Mtx group as compared to controls. ML treatment did not completely ameliorate the lesions and milder degenerative alterations as loss of the glycogen content was still present. It was showed that montelukast treatment after methotrexate application could reduce methotrexate-induced experimental liver damage

The role of chrysin against harmful effects of formaldehyde exposure on the morphology of rat fetus liver and kidney development

This study was aimed to investigate possible harmful effects of formaldehyde (FA) exposure on the morphology of fetus liver and kidney development during pregnancy and also to determinate possible protective role of chrysin (CH) against these harmful effects. For this aim, after pregnancy was induced, 58 female rats were divided into 6 groups. Serum physiologic (SF) was injected to the Group I rats intraperitoneally (i.p.). 20 mg/kg CH was given to the Group II via gavage. 0.1 mg/kg FA was applied to the Group III (i.p.), 1 mg/kg FA was injected to Group IV (i.p.) 0.1 mg/kg FA was given to Group V i.p., and 20 mg/kg CH was given to the same group via gavage. 1 mg/kg FA was applied to Group VI i.p., and 20 mg/kg CH was given to the same group via gavage. Fetuses were taken from each pregnant rat with cesarean section on the 20th day of the pregnancy. The morphological analyses of the fetuses, liver and kidney; biochemical and histological analyses of the liver and kidney were performed. The fetal body, liver and kidney weight of the FA groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease the compared to control group. Also the FA-1 group were observed histopathological changes on the fetus liver and kidneys. FA exposure causes harmful effects on fetus the liver and kidneys. CH reduces the negative effect on morphological variables statistically. Although CH is insufficient to fix the histopathological changes that occur in the liver, damaging effects that occur in the kidney decreased statisticall

Caecum location in laboratory rats and mice: an anatomical and radiological study

Tumer, Mehmet Kemal/0000-0002-6250-0954; Uysal, Murat/0000-0003-0717-4428WOS: 000401251400001PubMed: 27381195Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection is the most frequently used method for implementing parenteral therapies in rats and mice. Whether the caecum is located in the right caudal quadrant or left caudal quadrant in the abdominal cavity is not clear. For that reason, we have developed a method for identifying the location of the caecum in rats and mice and thus revealed the most reliable location for i.p. injection in these animals. Two hundred Wistar albino rats and 100 BALB/c mice were used. The location of the caecum was determined by revealing the intra-abdominal organs immediately following euthanasia, photographing the organs, and archiving the images. Both digital photographic images and computed tomographic (CT) sections were analysed in terms of caecum morphology and location. In both rats and mice, the caecum was most commonly located on the animal's left side. It was less frequently located on the right side or in the centre. The caecum was typically comma-shaped, but it was round or S-shaped in some animals. The direction of rotation of the caecum from the basis to the apex was mostly counterclockwise. Additionally, the apex showed a tendency to be evenly centred. This study demonstrated that the caecum was mostly located on the animal's left side; and for that reason, the most suitable location for i.p. injection in these animals was understood to be the right caudal quadrant. Furthermore, when we compared the CT images and autopsy findings, the caecum did not change location in the abdominal cavity postmortem

Yaşlanmayla sıçan kemiğindeki aquaporin-1 veaquaporin-3 ekspresyonu değişikliklerinin araştırılması

Amaç: Aquaporinler su ve iyon transportu sağlayan membran kanal proteinleridir. Yaşlanma ile dokulardaki aquaporinlerin miktarı değişmektedir. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) ve aquaporin-3 (AQP3)'ün kıkırdak dokuda yaşlanma ile azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Ancak kemik dokuda yaşlanma ile aquaporinlerin miktarında değişim gösterilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada genç ve yaşlı hayvanların kemik dokularında AQP1, AQP3 ve tip I kollajen ekspresyonlarının immünohistokimyasal olarak araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 14 adet Wistar Albino cinsi sıçan kullanıldı. Grup I (n7) iki aylık genç sıçanlardan, Grup II (n7) onsekiz aylık yaşlı sıçanlardan oluşmaktaydı. Kemik dokusu (femur) histopatolojik ve immunohistokimyasal değerlendirme için alındı. Rutin histolojik prosedürün ardından parafine gömülen dokulardan 4-5 µm kalınlığında kesitler alındı. İmmunohistokimyasal olarak AQP1, AQP3 ve tip I kollajen boyama ayrıca Hematoksilen-eozin boyama yapıldı. Bulgular: Genç ve yaşlı sıçanlarda immünohistokimyasal olarak AQP1, AQP3 ve tip I kollajen ekspresyonu gösterildi. Yaşlanma ile AQP1, AQP3 ve tip I kollajen miktarında azalma olduğu gözlendi. Tartışma: AQP1 ve AQP3 mik tarındaki azalmanın kemik dokuda yaşa bağlı değişikliklerle ilgili olabilece ği kanaatindeyizAim: Aquaporins are membrane channel proteins that transport water and ions. The amount of aquaporins in tissue changes with age. The amount of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) and aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is considered to decrease in cartilage tissue with age. However, no age-related change has been reported regarding the amount of aquaporins in bone tissue. In this study, our aim was to examine expressions of AQP1, AQP3, and type I collagen immunohistochemically in the bone tissues of young and old rats. Material and Method: Fourteen Wistar Albino rats were included in this study. Group I (n7) consisted of young rats that were two months old, while Group II (n7) consisted of old rats that were eighteen months old. Bone tissue (femur) was dissected and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. After routine histological procedure, sections at 4-5 µm thickness were obtained from tissues embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained immunohistochemically for AQP1, AQP3, and type I collagen as well as with hematoxylin-eosin. Results: Immunohistochemically, expressions of AQP1, AQP3, and type I collagen were demonstrated in both young and old rats. AQP1, AQP3, and type I collagen amounts were found to decrease with aging. Discussion: Our findings suggest that reduced amounts of AQP1 and AQP3 may be related to agerelated changes in bone tissue