Electronics for Satellite Experiments

The tracking detector for the LAT science instrument on the GLAST mission is an example of a large-scale particle detection system built primarily by particle physicists for space flight within the context of a NASA program. The design and fabrication model in most ways reflected practice and experience from particle physics, but the quality assurance aspects were guided by NASA. Similarly, most of the electronics in the LAT as a whole were designed and built by staff at a particle physics lab. This paper reports on many of the challenges and lessons learned in the experience of designing and building the tracking detector and general LAT electronics for use in the NASA GLAST mission

Relationship of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain with Cardiac Autonomic Denervation As Assessed by 123I-mIBG Scintigraphy in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Submitted to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Assessment of Cardiac Autonomic Denervation by GLS in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Submitted to CRT

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is associated with cardiac autonomic denervation (AD), which can be non-invasively assessed by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) scintigraphy and has prognostic implications. We aimed to study the relationship between myocardial contractility assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS) and AD assessed by 123I-mIBG scintigraphy in advanced HF. METHODS/RESULTS: BETTER-HF is a prospective randomized clinical trial including HF patients (pts) submitted to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) who are submitted to a clinical, echocardiographic, and scintigraphic assessment before and 6 months after CRT. 81 pts were included. An echocardiographic response (absolute increase in left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 10%) was observed in 73.7% of pts. A higher baseline late heart-to-mediastinum ratio (HMR) was associated with a better echocardiographic response. There was a significant association between late HMR and GLS at baseline and 6 months. At baseline, GLS had an AUC of 0.715 for discrimination for a late HMR < 1.6. A GLS cut-off of - 9% maximized the likelihood of correctly classifying a pt as having severe AD (HMR < 1.6). CONCLUSION: Myocardial contractility as assessed by GLS is moderately correlated with AD as assessed by 123I-mIBG scintigraphy and has a good discrimination for the identification of severe cardiac denervation. GLS may allow for a more readily accessible estimation of the degree of AD in advanced HF pts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Uso de Macromoléculas sobre la Tasa de Maduración y Desarrollo Embrionario in vitro de Ovocitos Bovinos

The effect of four supplements with macromolecules on the rate of nuclear maturation, oocyte division at 48 h and embryo development at 7 days post-fertilization was evaluated. Ovaries were collected in the slaughterhouse; oocytes with two or more layers of cells were selected and matured on TCM-99 enriched with macromolecule supplements: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylalcohol (PVA), Bovine serum albumin (BSA), Foetal bovine serum (SFB). Oocytes were cultivated at 39 °C with 5% of CO2. Nuclear maturation was evaluated at 24 hours, classifying them as germinal vesicle, metaphase I, anaphasetelophase, metaphase II and degenerated. For the evaluation of the oocyte division and embryo development, oocytes were matured under the same conditions and fertilized with spermatozoa during 18 hours in KSOM-AA culture media, and then transferred to SOF culture media for 48 h. Significant differences on nuclear maturation (Metaphase II) were only observed between PVA and SFB (p&lt;0.05). Furthermore, none significant differences on rate of division and embryonic development between treatments were observed. These results indicate that the macromolecule supplements provide similar conditions and requirements for the progression from metaphase I to metaphase II.Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro suplementos de macromoléculas sobre la tasa de maduración nuclear, división de ovocitos a las 48 horas y desarrollo embrionario a los siete días pos-fecundación. Se colectaron ovarios de camal, se aspiraron los folículos y se seleccionaron los ovocitos con dos o más capas de células para ser madurados en medio TCM-99 enriquecido con macromoléculas: Polivinil pirrolidona (PVP), Polivinil alcohol (PVA), Albúmina sérica bovina (BSA), Suero fetal bovino (SFB). Los ovocitos se cultivaron a 39 °C y con 5% de CO2. Se evaluó la maduración nuclear a las 24 h, calificándolos como vesícula germinal, metafase I, anafase-telofase, metafase II y degenerados. Para evaluar la división y desarrollo embrionario, otro grupo de ovocitos fueron madurados bajo las mismas condiciones y fecundados por 18 h en medio de cultivo KSOM-AA, y trasferidos al medio de cultivo SOF por 48 h. Solo hubo diferencias estadísticas en maduración nuclear (Metafase II) entre los grupos suplementados con PVA y SFB (p&lt;0.05). Asimismo, no hubo diferencias entre tratamientos en la tasa de división y desarrollo embrionario. Los resultados indican que los suplementos de macromoléculas proporcionan condiciones y requerimientos similares para la progresión desde estadios de metafase I a metafase II