An academic results analysis of a first year interdisciplinary project approach to industrial and management engineering education

This paper presents an analysis of academic results of first year Industrial Management and Engineering students, achieved either in a PLE (Project-led Education) or in a non PLE teaching and learning approach. Data collected focuses on students’ grades, including continuous and summative assessment results of four different courses, from the academic year 2006/2007 to 2008/2009. The evaluation indicators used are the ratio of students assessed and those enrolled in the course, the ratio of students approved and those enrolled in the course, the ratio of students approved and those assessed in the course, the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation of student grades. Findings suggest that PLE students, in average, have better results than the non PLE students at all courses and for the three academic years analyzed. However, these results need to be understood in a broader perspective which includes other variables such as student background, student engagement of given tasks, etc. which are beyond the scope of this paper

MAPA OU TERRITÓRIO? A EXPERIÊNCIA DE CONSULTORES NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ROTINAS ORGANIZACIONAIS

Problematizações envolvendo a dinâmica operativa de rotinas organizacionais vêm apresentando desafios crescentes para pesquisadores do constructo, ao considerar dificuldades e limitações circunstanciais da identificação do fenômeno em diferentes ambientes e contextos de ocorrência. Nessa perspectiva, por meio de uma abordagem fenomenográfica, esta investigação teve por objetivo coletar concepções de consultores externos sobre a identificação de rotinas organizacionais em suas experiências profissionais. Quatro diferentes modos de identificar o fenômeno emergiram dos relatos como resposta a esse problema de pesquisa: o fundamento em artefatos; o questionamento ao agente; a observação da prática; e a construção coletiva. O presente estudo sugere que a consistência de um entendimento pontual sobre a prática organizacional, entre consultores e agentes e entre os agentes da rotina, é influenciada por condições relacionais, refletidas em mecanismos de poder e confiança que envolvem esses sujeitos, sugerindo aos consultores o desenvolvimento de competências específicas para promover a identificação de rotinas nas organizações

MAPA OU TERRITÓRIO? A EXPERIÊNCIA DE CONSULTORES NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ROTINAS ORGANIZACIONAIS

Problematizações envolvendo a dinâmica operativa de rotinas organizacionais vêm apresentando desafios crescentes para pesquisadores do constructo, ao considerar dificuldades e limitações circunstanciais da identificação do fenômeno em diferentes ambientes e contextos de ocorrência. Nessa perspectiva, por meio de uma abordagem fenomenográfica, esta investigação teve por objetivo coletar concepções de consultores externos sobre a identificação de rotinas organizacionais em suas experiências profissionais. Quatro diferentes modos de identificar o fenômeno emergiram dos relatos como resposta a esse problema de pesquisa: o fundamento em artefatos; o questionamento ao agente; a observação da prática; e a construção coletiva. O presente estudo sugere que a consistência de um entendimento pontual sobre a prática organizacional, entre consultores e agentes e entre os agentes da rotina, é influenciada por condições relacionais, refletidas em mecanismos de poder e confiança que envolvem esses sujeitos, sugerindo aos consultores o desenvolvimento de competências específicas para promover a identificação de rotinas nas organizações

Mieloradiculite por CMV e HSV2 em paciente infectado pelo HIV

While CMV myeloradiculitis is a known complication in AIDS patients with severe immunosuppression, HSV-2 necrotizing myeloradiculitis is rare and often associated with disabling a fatal outcome. We hereby describe a 46 year-old HIV infected patient with profound and sustained immunosuppression who presented with an acute ascending paraparesis and urinary retention. Lumbar spine MRI showed contrast enhancement at the conus medullaris and cauda equine, and both CMV and HSV-2 CSF PCR were positive. Despite treatment, the patient died 20 days later. We review the main diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of herpes virus associated myeloradiculitis and discuss the approach in similar cases.Enquanto a mieloradiculite pelo CMV é complicação conhecida em pacientes com SIDA e imunossupressão grave, a mieloradiculite necrosante por HSV-2 é rara e muitas vezes associada a sequelas ou desfecho fatal. Descrevemos um paciente de 46 anos de idade, infectado pelo HIV com imunossupressão profunda e sustentada que apresentou paraparesia aguda ascendente e retenção urinária. A RM de coluna lombar mostrou o realce de contraste no cone medular e cauda equina e ambos PCR para CMV e HSV-2 no LCR foram positivos. Apesar do tratamento, o paciente morreu 20 dias depois. Revisamos os principais aspectos diagnósticos e terapêuticos da mieloradiculite associada aos herpesvírus e discutimos a abordagem em casos semelhantes

Overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines in dental pulp tissue and distinct bacterial microbiota in carious teeth of Mexican Individuals

The prevalence of dental caries in the Mexican adult population aged 20 to 85 years is around 93.3%, and 50% in Mexican children and adolescents. Worldwide, it is the most common non-communicable disease. One of the main etiological factors for dental caries is the oral microbiome and changes in its structure and function, with an expansion of pathogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. The exposed dental pulp tissue triggers an innate immune response to counteract this bacterial invasion. The relation between oral dysbiosis and innate immune responses remains unclear. We aimed to understand the relationship between innate immune response and the oral microbiota by quantifying the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and proinflammatory markers (cytokines and a chemokine) in dental pulp tissue, either exposed or not to carious dentin, and to correlate this information with the oral microbiome found in healthy teeth and those with moderate caries. RNA was purified from pulp tissue, subjected to RT-qPCR and analysed with the ΔΔCt method. Supragingival dental plaque of non-carious teeth and dentin of carious teeth were subjected to 16S targeted sequencing. Principal coordinate analysis, permutational multivariate ANOVA, and linear discriminant analysis were used to assess differences between non-carious and carious teeth. Correlations were assessed with Spearman´s test and corrected for multiple comparisons using the FDR method. The relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, Prevotella, and Mitsuokella was increased in carious teeth; while the RA of Haemophilus and Porphyromonas decreased. Olsenella and Parascardovia were only detected in carious teeth. Significant overexpression of interleukin 1 beta (IL1 β), IL6, and CXCL8 was detected in pulp tissue exposed to carious dentin. IL1β correlated positively with TLR2 and Actinomyces; yet negatively with Porphyromonas. These findings suggest that immune response of pulp tissue chronically exposed to cariogenic microbiome is triggered by proinflammatory cytokines IL1β and IL6 and the chemokine CXCL8

NURSING TECHNICIANS’ PERCEPTIONS REGARDING THE OCCUPATIONAL RISKS IN VACCINATION ROOMS

Estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cualitativo, cuyo propósito fue identificar los riegos ocupacionales en salas de vacunas. Participaron de la investigación 10 técnicos de enfermería que actúan en cinco salas de vacuna de un municipio del noroeste de Rio Grande do Sul. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada y de observación simple, y analizados por medio del análisis temático en el periodo de marzo a mayo de 2012. Se observó que las salas de vacunas presentan muchos riegos ocupacionales y que muchos trabajadores no los perciben, pues había local para lavar las manos, pero este presentaba una altura muy baja en las cinco salas observadas, además de la iluminación deficiente en todas las salas. Las personas que aplican las vacunas entienden que los riegos ocupacionales están relacionados solamente a los accidentes de trabajo. La atención del servicio municipal de promoción de la salud del trabajador puede agregar valor a la cualidad en el trabajo de estes sujetos.This descriptive study with a qualitative approach aimed to identify the occupational risks in vaccinations. A total of 10 nursing technicians participated in the research; these worked in five vaccination rooms in a municipality in the North-west of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and simple observation, and were analyzed using thematic analysis in the period March – May 2012. It was observed that the vaccination rooms present innumerable occupational risks – and that many workers do not perceive these. There was a work surface with a basin for handwashing, but these were at a very low height in the five rooms observed, in addition to there being inadequate lighting in all rooms. The vaccinators understand occupational risks as relating only to work accidents. The attention of the municipal service for the promotion of worker’s health could add value to the quality in these subjects’ work.Estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi identificar os riscos ocupacionais em salas de vacinas. Participaram da pesquisa, 10 técnicos de enfermagem que atuam em cinco salas de vacina de um município no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada e observação simples, e analisados por meio da análise temática no período de março a maio de 2012. Observou-se que as salas de vacinas apresentam inúmeros riscos ocupacionais e que muitos trabalhadores não os percebem, pois havia balcão com pia para lavar as mãos, mas estas continham uma altura muito baixa nas cinco salas observadas além da iluminação deficiente em todas salas. As vacinadoras entendem que os riscos ocupacionais estão relacionados somente aos acidentes de trabalho. A atenção do serviço municipal de promoção à saúde do trabalhador pode conferir valor à qualidade no trabalho destes sujeitos

Ensayos sobre economía regional en Colombia

168 p.El objetivo de este libro es hacer aportes novedosos al análisis regional de temas que cuentan con una generosa discusión literaria en el ámbito nacional, pero que usualmente están limitados a la discusión académica y de contexto en dicho ámbito de acción. En tal sentido, se convida al lector a reflexionar sobre visiones territoriales especializadas en materia de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, migración, paridad de poder de compra, crecimiento económico y mercado laboral, cuyas propuestas específicas en cada campo procuran contribuir al debate económico con visiones alternativas que favorezcan el desarrollo de medidas de política pertinentes a la actual coyuntura, el fortalecimiento de la gestión empresarial y la evaluación de las acciones emprendidas por parte de los hacedores de política y el público en general. En orientación al cumplimiento de estos propósitos, la obra está conformada por cinco capítulos. Cada uno de estos aborda una propuesta con enfoque y tratamiento independiente de los demás aquí expuestos, por lo que se recomienda al lector obviar el orden de presentación, que no sigue una causalidad secuencial.This book aims to present innovative contributions to the regional analysis of topics that have been amply discussed at the national level, but which are usually limited to academic discussion and to context in that area of action. In this regard, the reader is invited to reflect on territorial views that specialize in information and communications technology, migration, purchasing power parity, economic growth, and labor market; the specific proposals in each field seek to contribute to the economic debate with alternative visions that favor the development of relevant policy measures for the current situation, while strengthening business management and the evaluation of the actions undertaken by policymakers and the general public. In order to fulfill this purpose, the book is divided into five chapters. Each of them addresses a topic with an approach and treatment that are independent from the others presented here. Thus, the reader is advised to dismiss the order of chapters, since they do not follow a sequential structure.Prólogo Agradecimientos Capítulo I. Reconfiguración de los patrones de migración interregional en Colombia (2005-2013): empleo, actividad económica y sistema nacional de ciudades (Camila Espinosa Borda-Hernán Darío Enríquez Sierra) Capítulo II. Paridad de poder de compra regional en Colombia (Juan Pablo Cardoso Torres-Henry Antonio Mendoza Tolosa) Capítulo III. Inversión en tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) y desempeño de las empresas industriales: una visión departamental para Colombia (Arley Duvan Espinel Farías-Madeleine Gil Ángel) Capítulo IV. Estructura del crecimiento regional en Colombia: diferencias departamentales y factor espacial (Sandra Milena Durán Peña-Andrés Eduardo Borrero) Capítulo V. Desempleo y tasa global de participación en Colombia: una perspectiva regional por medio de las siete ciudades principales (Jacobo Campo Robledo-Jennifer Pinto Gaitán)168 p

Increased CD3+, CD8+, or FoxP3+ T lymphocyte infiltrations are associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer but not with the overall survival of patients

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes include heterogeneous populations of T lymphocytes that play crucial roles in the tumor immune response; importantly, their presence in the tumor tissue may predict clinical outcomes. Therefore, we herein studied the prognostic significance of the presence and location of CD3+, CD8+, and FoxP3+ T lymphocytes in colorectal cancer samples. In the intratumor analysis, our data did not reveal any association between lymphocyte infiltrations with clinical or pathological data. However, in the tumor margins, we found that the presence of high infiltrations of CD3+, CD8+, or FoxP3+ T lymphocytes were associated with TNM stages I-II (p = 0.021, p = 0.022, and p = 0.012, respectively) and absence of lymph node metastases (p = 0.010, p = 0.003, and p = 0.004, respectively). Despite these associations with good prognostic indicators, we were not able to find any statistically significant alterations in the overall survival of the patients, even though high infiltrations of FoxP3+ T lymphocytes in the tumor margins resulted in an increased overall survival of 14 months. Taken together, these data show that the presence of CD3+, CD8+, or FoxP3+T lymphocyte infiltrates in the tumor margins are associated with the pathogenesis of CRC, but only high Foxp3+ T lymphocyte infiltrations in the tumor invasive margins are inclined to indicate favorable prognosis.This work was supported by National funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)—projects PTDC/MED-ONC/28658/2017, UIDB/50026/2020, and UIDP/50026/2020; and by the Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) projects NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013 and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000023. AMB was supported by the FCT fellowship SFRH/BD/120371/2016 and ET by the FCT investigator grant IF/01390/2014 and Estímulo Individual ao Emprego Científico CEECIND/03070/2020