AB0690 Antiphospholipid antibodies and spondyloarthritis. Truth or myth? Our results in a third level hospital

[EN] The importance of antiphospholipid antibodies and their clinical involvement in thrombotic phenomena, isolated or associated with certain autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, is known. However, in spondyloarthritis (SpA) there is little published data about it.S

Source identification for mobile devices, based on wavelet transforms combined with sensor imperfections

One of the most relevant applications of digital image forensics is to accurately identify the device used for taking a given set of images, a problem called source identification. This paper studies recent developments in the field and proposes the mixture of two techniques (Sensor Imperfections and Wavelet Transforms) to get better source identification of images generated with mobile devices. Our results show that Sensor Imperfections and Wavelet Transforms can jointly serve as good forensic features to help trace the source camera of images produced by mobile phones. Furthermore, the model proposed here can also determine with high precision both the brand and model of the device

Effect of retinoic acid on expression of receptor ccr9 and alpha 4 beta 7 integrin in alpaca blood leukocytes (Vicugna pacos)

Las células T efectoras (CD4+ y CD8+) y de memoria pueden migrar a la mayoría de los tejidos extra-linfoides en el cuerpo, pero requieren la expresión de receptores de alojamiento (homing) específicos en las células T, la integrina A4B7 y el receptor de quimiocina CCR9. Los linfocitos circulantes CD4+ o CD8+ carecen de receptores CCR9 y A4B7; sin embargo, expresan este tipo de receptores al alcanzar la mucosa intestinal. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del ácido retinoico sobre la expresión de los receptores CCR9 y la integrina A4B7análisis in vitro de muestra de sangre circulante de alpaca. Los leucocitos obtenidos se colocaron en placas de cultivo celular en medio esencial mínimo (MEM) suplementados e inoculados con ácido retinoico a concentraciones de 10, 50 y 100 ug/ml disuelto en DMSO. Se empleó un control a base de suero fisiológico. Las placas de cultivo celular fueron incubadas por 12, 24 y 48 h a 37 ºC con CO2 al 5%. Se realizó las PCR en Tiempo Real de los ARNm del receptor CCR9 y la integrina A4B7 y la cuantificación relativa con el método 2-ÄÄCt. Las máximas expresiones para CCR9 se dieron a las 48 h para las concentraciones de 10 y 100 ug/ml de ácido retinoico y DMSO, y a las 24 h para la concentración de 50 ug/ml. El control presentó expresiones mucho más elevadas en comparación con las dosis de ácido retinoico y DMSO. No hubo expresión para la integrina A4B7.Effector T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) and memory cells can migrate to most extra lymphoid tissues in the body, but require the expression of specific homing receptors in T cells, α4β7 integrin and receptor chemokine CCR9. CD4+ or CD8+ circulating lymphocytes lack CCR9 and α4β7 receptors; however, these receptors are expressed upon reaching the intestinal mucosa. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of retinoic acid on the expression of CCR9 receptors and α4β7 integrin on alpaca lymphocytes (Vicugna pacos). An in vitro analysis of circulating alpaca blood sample was performed. The obtained leukocytes were placed in cell culture plates in minimal essential medium (MEM) supplemented with retinoic acid at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 ìg/ml dissolved in DMSO. A control based on physiological serum was used. Cell culture plates were incubated for 12, 24 and 48 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Real-time PCR of the CCR9 receptor mRNA and α4β7 integrin and relative quantification with the 2-ΔΔCt method were performed. The maximum expressions for CCR9 were given at 48 h for concentrations of 10 and 100 μg/ml of retinoic acid and DMSO, and at 24 h for the concentration of 50 μg/ml. The control had much higher expressions compared to the doses of retinoic acid and DMSO. There was no expression for the α4β7 integrin

Ausencia del virus de Necrosis Hematopoyética Epizoótica (EHNv) en truchas arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) enfermas en piscigranjas de la sierra del Perú

The objective of the present study was to monitor the detection of the Epizootic Hematopoietic Necrosis virus (EHNv) in trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in fish farms of the highlands of Peru. Samples were taken from 111 diseased fish (liver, spleen, anterior kidney) from fish farms in the regions of Ancash, Junín and Huancavelica, Peru. The tissue samples were processed immediately for bacterial isolation and another group of samples were stored at -196 °C for PCR. The DNA of each tissue was extracted by the Trizol method and then purified with silica membranes (PureLink Genomic DNA kit). The PCR was performed using the MCP-1 primers specific for the EHNv, following the methodology proposed by the OIE and with the commercial kit VetPCRTM EHNV Detection for confirmation. Bacterial isolation was carried out by culturing on TSA and Anacker- Ordal agar (Cytophaga agar) of each tissue, and the identification by Gram stain and bacterial biochemistry. The EHNv DNA was not detected indicating that the prevalence of the virus is less than 5% or it is not present in the sampled fish farms. Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas spp were isolated in all the samples, indicating that the cause of the disease and mortality present in the fish farms was due to the infection with these bacteria.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue monitorear la detección del virus Necrosis Hematopoyética Epizoótica (EHNv) en truchas (Oncorhynchus mykiss) de piscigranjas de la Sierra del Perú. Se tomaron muestras de 111 peces enfermos (hígado, bazo, riñón anterior) de piscigranjas de las regiones de Áncash, Junín y Huancavelica, Perú. Las muestras de tejidos fueron procesados de inmediato para el aislamiento bacteriano y otro grupo de muestras fueron conservadas a -196 °C para el PCR. El ADN de cada tejido fue extraído mediante el método del Trizol y luego purificado con membranas de sílica (PureLinkGenomic DNA kit). El PCR se realizó utilizando los cebadores MCP-1 específicos para el EHNv siguiendo la metodología propuesta por la OIE y con el kit comercial VetPCRTM EHNV Detection para su confirmación. El aislamiento bacteriano se realizó con el sembrado en agar TSA y Anacker-Ordal (agar citófaga) de cada tejido y la identificación mediante tinción Gram y bioquímica bacteriana. No se detectó el ADN del EHNv en las muestras indicando que la prevalencia del virus es menor al 5% o no está presente en las piscigranjas muestreadas. Se aisló Yersinia ruckeri y Aeromonas spp en todas las muestras, indicando que la causa de la enfermedad y mortalidad presente en las piscigranjas se debían a la infección con estas bacterias

Tannin containing legumes as a model for nutraceuticals against digestive parasites in livestock

Parasitic infections with gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) still represent a worldwide major pathological threat associated with the outdoor production of various livestock species. Because of the widespread resistance to synthetic chemical anthelmintics, there is a strong impetus to explore novel approaches for a more integrated management of the infections. The use of nutraceuticals in the control of GINs is one of the alternatives which has been widely studied for since 20 years. The objectives of this review are: i) to define and illustrate the concept of ‘nutraceutical’ in the context of veterinary parasitology based on data obtained on the most studied GIN models in small ruminants, the tannin-containing legumes (Fabaceae); ii) to illustrate how the ‘nutraceutical concept’ could be expanded to other plants, other livestock production systems and other GI parasitic diseases, and iii) to explain how this concept is opening up new research fields for better understanding the interactions between the host, the digestive parasites and the environment

Expression and quantification of RORγt and interleukin-17 in intestinal mucosa of newborn alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los niveles relativos de expresión de ARN mensajeros de RORγt e IL-17 en mucosa intestinal de crías de alpacas clínicamente sanas. Se formaron tres grupos etarios conformados por alpacas de 2 a 7 días (grupo 1, n=5), 8 a 20 días (grupo 2, n=6) y 26 a 47 días (grupo 3, n=6), sin distinción de sexo o raza. Se tomaron muestras del segmento medio del yeyuno, se extrajo el ARN total y se empleó la técnica RT-PCR con cebadores. La expresión relativa de ARNm de RORγt e IL-17 fue determinada por el método 2-∆∆Ct usando como calibradores dos crías neonatas y empleándose como control endógeno a GAPDH. La cinética de expresión de RORγt mostró una tendencia constante durante la primera y tercera semana de vida, alcanzando su máxima expresión en los animales de 2 a 7 días de edad, a diferencia de IL-17 cuya expresión fue progresiva con la edad, evidenciándose una elevada estimulación y expresión desde los primeros días de edad.The aim of the study was to determine the relative levels of expression of messenger RNAs of RORγt and IL-17 in intestinal mucosa of clinically healthy newborn alpacas. Three age groups were formed: 2 to 7 days (group 1, n=5), 8 to 20 days (group 2, n=6) and 26 to 47 days (group 3, n=6), regardless sex or breed. Samples were taken from the middle segment of the jejunum. The total RNA was extracted, and the RT-PCR technique was used with specific primers. The relative expression of mRNA of RORγt and IL-17 was determined by the 2-ΔΔCt method using two neonatal pups as calibrators and using GAPDH as an endogenous control. The kinetics of expression of RORγt showed a constant trend during the first and third week of life, reaching its maximum expression in animals from 2 to 7 days of age, unlike IL-17 whose expression was progressive with age, evidencing a high stimulation and expression from the first days of age

Digital Image Tamper Detection Technique Based on Spectrum Analysis of CFA Artifacts

Existence of mobile devices with high performance cameras and powerful image processing applications eases the alteration of digital images for malicious purposes. This work presents a new approach to detect digital image tamper detection technique based on CFA artifacts arising from the differences in the distribution of acquired and interpolated pixels. The experimental evidence supports the capabilities of the proposed method for detecting a broad range of manipulations, e.g., copy-move, resizing, rotation, filtering and colorization. This technique exhibits tampered areas by computing the probability of each pixel of being interpolated and then applying the DCT on small blocks of the probability map. The value of the coefficient for the highest frequency on each block is used to decide whether the analyzed region has been tampered or not. The results shown here were obtained from tests made on a publicly available dataset of tampered images for forensic analysis. Affected zones are clearly highlighted if the method detects CFA inconsistencies. The analysis can be considered successful if the modified zone, or an important part of it, is accurately detected. By analizing a publicly available dataset with images modified with different methods we reach an 86% of accuracy, which provides a good result for a method that does not require previous training

Digital Images Authentication Technique Based on DWT, DCT and Local Binary Patterns

In the last few years, the world has witnessed a ground-breaking growth in the use of digital images and their applications in the modern society. In addition, image editing applications have downplayed the modification of digital photos and this compromises the authenticity and veracity of a digital image. These applications allow for tampering the content of the image without leaving visible traces. In addition to this, the easiness of distributing information through the Internet has caused society to accept everything it sees as true without questioning its integrity. This paper proposes a digital image authentication technique that combines the analysis of local texture patterns with the discrete wavelet transform and the discrete cosine transform to extract features from each of the blocks of an image. Subsequently, it uses a vector support machine to create a model that allows verification of the authenticity of the image. Experiments were performed with falsified images from public databases widely used in the literature that demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF- ß) expression in intestinal mucosa of alpaca crias (Vicugna pacos)

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar los niveles de expresión relativa de los genes de las citoquinas IL-10 y TGF-β en la mucosa intestinal de alpacas de 2 a 47 días de edad, clínicamente sanas. Se formaron tres grupos etarios (seis crías por grupo) conformados por alpacas de 2 a 8 días (grupo 1), 10 a 21 días (grupo 2) y 26 a 47 días (grupo 3), sin distinción de sexo o raza. Se tomó la porción media del yeyuno de cada animal, se extrajo el ARN total y se empleó la técnica RT-PCR en tiempo-real con cebadores específicos para las citoquinas en estudio. La expresión relativa de ARNm de IL10 y TGF-β fue determinada por el método comparativo 2-ΔΔCt usando como calibrador el yeyuno de tres fetos de 11 meses de gestación y como gen endógeno el gliceraldehído-3-fosfato deshidrogenasa (GAPDH). La expresión promedio de ARNm de IL-10 fue de 7.21±1.02 (grupo 1), 13.53±1.26 (grupo 2) y 18.77±1.48 (grupo 3) veces lo expresado por el grupo calibrador, mostrando diferencia significativa (p<0.05) entre grupos etarios. La expresión promedio de ARNm de TGF-β fue de 2.18±0.23 (grupo 1), 3.03±0.18 (grupo 2) y 4.06±0.15 (grupo 3) veces lo expresado por el grupo calibrador, mostrando diferencia significativa (p<0.05) entre grupos etarios. La expresión de ARNm de IL-10 y TGF-β fue dependiente de la edad, incrementándose significativamente con la mayor edad de las crías.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative expression levels of cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β in the intestinal mucosa of clinically healthy alpacas from 2 to 47 days old. The animals were classified in three age groups (six animals per group): 2-8 days old (group 1), 10-21days old (group 2) and 26-47-days old (group 3), regardless sex or breed. The midportion of jejunum of each animal was collected; total RNA was extracted and then analyzed by real-time RT-PCR technique using IL-10 and TGF-β specific primers. The relative mRNA expression analysis was done using the comparative 2-ΔΔCt method. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as housekeeping gene and jejunum of three 11-month-old fetuses were used as calibrators. The results showed that IL-10 mRNA expression levels were 7.21±1.02 (group 1), 13.53±1.26 (group 2), and 18.77±1.48 (group 3) times as expressed by the calibrate group with significant difference between age groups (p<0.05). Also, TGF-β mRNA expression levels were 2.18±0.23 (group 1), 3.03±0.18 (group 2), and 4.06±0.15 (group 3) times as expressed by the calibrate group with significant difference between age groups (p<0.05). The expression of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA was age dependent, increasing significantly in older animals