Diversity and Polarization of Research Performance: Evidence from Hungary

Measuring the intellectual diversity encoded in publication records as a proxy to the degree of interdisciplinarity has recently received considerable attention in the science mapping community. The present paper draws upon the use of the Stirling index as a diversity measure applied to a network model (customized science map) of research profiles, proposed by several authors. A modified version of the index is used and compared with the previous versions on a sample data set in order to rank top Hungarian research organizations (HROs) according to their research performance diversity. Results, unexpected in several respects, show that the modified index is a candidate for measuring the degree of polarization of a research profile. The study also points towards a possible typology of publication portfolios that instantiate different types of diversity

Water management development and agriculture in Syria

Irrigated agriculture has increased steadily in Syria over the last decades, almost doubling since 1985. This mounting pace has responded to the nation’s food security policy objectives to satisfy the food production needs of an increasing population that features one of the largest growth rates in the world, namely 3,50 percent in 1985 and still 3,39 percent in 2007. Total expenditures for irrigated agriculture accounted for almost 70 percent of all expenditures in agriculture. Sustainable irrigation water policies aimed at increasing the efficiency of water use in agriculture and at conserving water resources by reducing future consumption. The Euphrates River is 2.800 km long and its middle traverses a wide floodplain in Syria, where it is used extensively for irrigation, and the Euphrates Dam is 230 ft (70 m) high. The total estimated water use volume is about 15 billion m3. The Euphrates and Orontes basins account for about 50% and 20% of the water use respectively. About 701.634 ha has been irrigated by ground water in the year 1997. This area represents 60% of the total irrigated land in Syria It has been gradually increased from 30% during 1970 to 44% in 1980 and 49% in 1990. The Government projects extended on 349.820 hectare area, which includes large, medium and small scale farms. The small scale government project is under 2000 hectare, but large scale project over 20.000 hectare areas. The Syrian Government wants to ensure the food supply for sharply increasing population based on established governmental agricultural projects, as state-owned farms. Water balance for Syria indicates that most of the basins are in deficit. This will be exacerbated further especially in basins encompassing large urban areas and if the country’s population continues to grow at its current rate (about 3%) and water use efficiency is not increased effectively.Water utilisation, Water management, Modern irrigation technologies, Benefits of agricultural sector, Governmental supports, Total Renewable Water Resources (TRWR), Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Risk and Uncertainty,

Bio-inspired Methods for Dynamic Network Analysis in Science Mapping

We apply bio-inspired methods for the analysis of different dynamic bibliometric networks (linking papers by citation, authors, and keywords, respectively). Biological species are clusters of individuals defined by widely different criteria and in the biological perspective it is natural to (1) use different categorizations on the same entities (2) to compare the different categorizations and to analyze the dissimilarities, especially as they change over time. We employ the same methodology to comparisons of bibliometric classifications. We constructed them as analogs of three species concepts: cladistic or lineage based, similarity based, and "biological species" (based on co-reproductive ability). We use the Rand and Jaccard indexes to compare classifications in different time intervals. The experiment is aimed to address the classic problem of science mapping, as to what extent the various techniques based on different bibliometric indicators, such as citations, keywords or authors are able to detect convergent structures in the litrerature, that is, to identify coherent specialities or research directions and their dynamics

Is beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with type i collagen effective for human socket preservation prior to implant placement? A case report

The authors report the use of synthetic beta-tricalcium phosphate with type I collagen immediately after tooth extraction for simple socket preservation indicated in the pre-implant management of alveolar bone. The bone material was used without a barrier membrane and forming a mucoperiosteal flap. Clinical examination revealed solid new bone formation with no changes in vertical and horizontal dimensions 9 months after the socket preservation. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated presence of active osteonectine-positive cells. The new bone formed after the use of beta-tricalcium phosphate and type I collagen in the socket preservation method can allow dental implant placement and implant loading

The perceptions of the role of the school social worker by elementary school principals

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

THE EFFECTS OF ECCENTRIC PHASE DURATION ON CONCENTRIC PHASE FORCE PRODUCTION DURING DEPTH JUMPS

The purpose of the study was to test the yet unproven theory, which states that the faster a muscle is stretched the greater force it produces in the subsequent concentric phase during plyometric exercises. Thirty-three trained male athletes performed plyometric depth jumps from two heights (trial A=33.02cm, trial B=47.94cm) landing on a force platform, followed by an immediate counter jump. Researchers determined the duration of eccentric phase and the relative peak concentric force of each jump using the data from the force platform. Results indicated a significant inverse relationship between eccentric duration and relative peak concentric force in both trials (p=0.019 and

Direct analytical synthesis of four bar function generators with optimal structure error

This paper is a departure from the usual procedure for obtaining the optimal dimensions of a four bar function generator by iteration. In the usual procedure, the accuracy points are first chosen by means of Chebishev spacing or some other means. Using these accuracy points, a four bar linkage is synthesized and the error calculated. Freudenstein's respacing formula may then be used to respace the accuracy points so as to minimize the errors. After the respacing of the accuracy points is calculated, a new mechanism is synthesized. The process is repeated until the magnitudes of the extreme errors occurring between accuracy points are equalized. The procedure adopted in this paper is to immediately force the extreme errors between accuracy points to be equal in magnitude by T, Introduction HE PURPOSE of a four bar function generator is to generate a function y = f(x) at the follower link when x is the rotation at the input link. This is shown in Journal of Engineering for Industry MAY 1 973 / 563 Copyright © 1973 by ASME by a four bar linkage, when fa and fa are chosen arbitrarily, involves five accuracy points, i.e., at five points along the scale there will be no error. The error at any point <j> is the difference of the actual output and the ideal output. Rewriting equation This equation is, however, only true at the five accuracy points. At all the other points, <£, there is an error e(<£). Equation Then, substituting equations (10) and (11) into equations (6) and (7) yields nine equations in the ten unknowns: \p s , (f>, = <j>i, 4>2, 4>3, 4>h 4>«> 4>h a h a h aI1 d a 3 . • Since the interval of x is prescribed, and thus by way of the arbitrarily chosen scale factor, fa, the interval of 4> is also known, we can add a tenth equation as follows: We are then left with a completely determined system of ten equations in ten unknowns, of which nine are nonlinear. error = £($) Substituting equation / MAY 1973 Transactions of the ASME Solution of the Equations of Synthesis Equations J--/ (*. + ^-^S) + A».) (12) Then equations ft Using equations (32) Equation

Optically programmable gate array

The Optically Programmable Gate Array (OPGA), an optical version of a conventional FPGA, benefits from a direct parallel interface between an optical memory and a logic circuit. The OPGA utilizes a holographic memory accessed by an array of VCSELs to program its logic. An active pixel sensor array incorporated into the OPGA chip makes it possible to optically address the logic in a very short time allowing for rapid dynamic reconfiguration. Combining spatial and shift multiplexing to store the configuration pages in the memory, the OPGA module can be made compact. The reconfiguration capability of the OPGA can be applied to solve more efficiently problems in pattern recognition and database search

Teaching Methods of First Aid Knowledge in Schools

For Romanian society and the education system after 1990, Health Education has a special relevance, especially on increasing health, increasing the quality of life, reducing some risk factors that lead to diseases, etc. From a public perspective, health is, due to its huge individual, but also social and demographic implications, one of the most relevant elements of government policies and strategies around the world. In the Romanian education system, teaching of first aid notions is of particular relevance, especially given that students / students from postgraduate courses urge qualified staff to organize such courses / activities. The paper presents the results of an opinion poll conducted among the students in the gymnasium cycle on the knowledge to be included in the Health Education discipline, but also the results of a questionnaire administered to the teachers, to doctors of some specialties (school doctors, specialists in medical emergencies, anesthesiology-intensive care physicians) who teach this discipline or who are involved in practicing practical activities with students. The school, through its moral authority, can make a substantial contribution to the transmission of this knowledge of student health education (with a strong emphasis on first aid) and has the ability to encompass and address, over time, to a high percentage of the population