Maker-Breaker total domination game

Maker-Breaker total domination game in graphs is introduced as a natural counterpart to the Maker-Breaker domination game recently studied by Duch\^ene, Gledel, Parreau, and Renault. Both games are instances of the combinatorial Maker-Breaker games. The Maker-Breaker total domination game is played on a graph $G$ by two players who alternately take turns choosing vertices of $G$. The first player, Dominator, selects a vertex in order to totally dominate $G$ while the other player, Staller, forbids a vertex to Dominator in order to prevent him to reach his goal. It is shown that there are infinitely many connected cubic graphs in which Staller wins and that no minimum degree condition is sufficient to guarantee that Dominator wins when Staller starts the game. An amalgamation lemma is established and used to determine the outcome of the game played on grids. Cacti are also classified with respect to the outcome of the game. A connection between the game and hypergraphs is established. It is proved that the game is PSPACE-complete on split and bipartite graphs. Several problems and questions are also posed.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure

Peningkatkan Ketrampilan Menggunakan Media Pianika dengan Metode Driil SMP 1 Teriak Bengkayang

The purpose of this research is to study the art of music is expected to improve students' skills in using media pianika. The method used in this research is descriptive, with a qualitative approach. Pennelitian shape is action research (action research) with action research procedures including planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Driil method is something to do the same activity over and over again in earnest with the aim to strengthen the skills to be a permanent thing.Learning outcomes in this study is the knowledge and abilities of learners. The conclusions of this study is the use driil method can improve skills in using media pianika seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Shouts Bengkayang. Improved learning outcomes in mind of the average value of student learning outcomes during the first cycle that is 66.28 students' skills in using media pianika musical instruments have not been successful because the average value of students under the KKM is 70. In the second cycle increased to 77, 87 in both categories

Bentuk Kata dan Pola Bunyi pada Kapatu Puisi Berbahasa Daerah Bima

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bentuk rima dan pola bunyi pada kapatu puisi berbahasa daerah Bima. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, metode yang digunakan deskriptif analisis. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa transkripsi kapatu yang dituturkan oleh seorang petuah di desa Sape Kecamatan Bima yang bernama M. Fadli Mansyur. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata-kata pada setiap baris dan bait yang terdapat pada kumpulan kapatu daerah Bima yang mengambarkan stile penulisan pada kapatu. Hasil penelitianterdapat beberapa kata yang mengalami bentukan dan pola bunyi pada kapatu

Flouting Maxim of Relevance Related to Face Threatening Act Strategies in Pesbukers Reality Show Special Edition “Valentine”

Language is a device used by human beings to communicate in the society. In the process of communication, people take and give messages to convey their feelings, ideas, or things in mind. The process itself can be found in a reality show, such as Pesbukers reality show. Pesbukers reality show presents a comedy. The actors and actresses do flouting maxim of relevance because theyhave various purposes such as having hidden meaning, saving face act, avoiding face threatening act and making a joke. There are two problems of the study, namely: (1) what are face threatening act strategies applied in flouting maxim of relevance in Pesbukers reality show, and (2) what are the intended meaning of flouting maxim of relevance related to face threatenIng act strategies in Pesbukers reality show.This study focuses on flouting maxim of relevance and face threatening act strategies that are applied in Pesbukers reality show. The writer used qualitative approach because the writer collected the data in the form of words. The writer uses a transcription of Pesbukers reality show. She decided the utterances that are categorized into FTA strategies, and identified the intended meaning of the utterances based on Brown and Levinson\u27s theory (1987).The results of this study showed there were 12 utterances containing flouting maxim of relevance produced by the hosts and the guest stars. Those utterances were conforming Brown and Levinson\u27s theory (1987) of FTA strategies. There were three strategies used in Pesbukers reality show that werepositive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. The mostly used strategy was positive politeness which was shown by noticing the speakers\u27 interest, seeking an agreement to make a deal, and avoiding disagreement. The second strategy was negative politeness. The hosts and guest stars used negative politeness to minimize the imposition to others. The last strategy was off record. Mostly, they used off record by using an irony to tease each other.The writer suggests the further researcher conduct a research about FTAstrategies focusing on certain strategy for example positive politeness in any other subjects, such as movies, comics, magazines, speeches, dramas and so forth in order to have deeper analysis

Analisis Sistem Dan Prosedur Pemberian Kredit Konsumtif Dalam Upaya Mendukung Pengendalian Manajemen Kredit (Studi Pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Tri Aji Mandiri Kota Kediri)

Based on the results of a study conducted by researchers showed that the KSP Tri Aji Mandiri Kediri loans are much in demand by the public is the type of consumer credit and it can be seen that the NPL (Non Performing Loan) for the types of consumer credit during the last 3 years has increased. The purpose of this research is to know how the systems and procedures for granting consumer loans conducted by the KSP Tri Aji Mandiri Kediri and to know that credit management controls which applied to the KSP Tri Aji Mandiri Kediri. Based on the results of the study showed that the systems and procedures for granting credit there are still some weaknesses that is the existence of dual task, and the organizational structure has not been separating the functional responsibilities expressly, formulir is used not serial number printed, whereas in credit management control are aspects that do not support good credit management control, that is : between appraisers the guarantee and credit analysis performed by the same personnel, and there has been no examination of work independently such as the internal audit function