The CIAD Library in Mexican library networks.

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Disaster Resilience Versus Ecological Resilience and the Proposed Second Causeway to South Padre Island

The barrier island of South Padre is located off the coast of Texas’s southern tip in Cameron County and is a popular tourist destination with over 4 million annual visits. The only road access to and from the island is a four-lane causeway, 2.3 miles in length, that routinely experiences heavy traffic. Twenty years ago, a barge crashed into the Queen Isabella Causeway, destroying a portion of the bridge. It quickly became apparent how reliant South Padre Island (SPI) is on the causeway and raised questions regarding its lack of disaster resilience. Local boosters and government responded by proposing and planning for the construction of a second causeway that would provide an additional emergency response route and facilitate economic development. However, the planned location for the new bridge crosses through sensitive seagrass beds that this construction would permanently fragment. The habitats for numerous threatened and endangered species would be destroyed, thereby reducing the ecological resilience of the area. Social–ecological theory focuses on the interconnectedness between humans and ecosystems and their symbiotic nature. Yet in the case of SPI, these two dimensions of social–ecological resiliency are in competition with one another. The proposed causeway would ostensibly enhance disaster preparedness and foster economic development but at the expense of the degradation of crucial ecological habitats. This case study provides insight into the contradictions between ecological resilience and disaster resilience from the standpoint of various stakeholders

Bucomaxillofacial cancer and major considerations and treatments: a concise systematic review

Introduction: According to National Cancer Institute, a total of 16,290 new cases of oral cancer are estimated in Brazil in 2017, with 12,370 new cases of oral cavity cancer in men and 4,010 in women corresponding to an estimated risk of 11.54 cases new for every 100 thousand men and 3.92 for each 100 thousand women. In this sense, oral cancer therapy is associated with a multitude of head and neck sequelae including hyposalivation, increased risk of tooth decay, osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, radiation fibrosis syndrome, mucositis, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, dysgeusia, dysphagia, mucosal lesions, trismus, and infections. Objective: The present study addressed the main considerations about maxillofacial cancer and possible treatments based on the literary findings through a narrative and integrative review. Methods: Clinical studies with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results and Conclusion: A total of 86 articles were found involving "Bucomaxillofacial Treatment in Cancer Patients". A total of 29 articles were evaluated in full, and 24 were included and discussed in this study. Oral cancer or oral carcinoma is a chronic, complex, multifactorial pathology resulting from the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that leads to an imbalance in the process of cell proliferation and growth control. There is an association between periodontal disease, nutritional status parameters, and antimicrobial protein levels, in the case of erythroplakia, 70.0 % to 95.0 % of these lesions are cancerous at the time of initial biopsy or will progress to cancer. In invasive squamous cell carcinoma, cancer cells have penetrated deeper layers of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Therefore, preparing a comprehensive treatment plan for cancer patients is essential to help minimize the risks of developing these oral and dental complications. In addition, dentists should consider a patient's ongoing cancer therapy for those patients who come to the dentist while receiving cancer treatment

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, Endothelial Function and Markers of Endothelialization. Changes after CPAP

STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study tries to assess the endothelial function in vivo using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and several biomarkers of endothelium formation/restoration and damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome at baseline and after three months with CPAP therapy. DESIGN: Observational study, before and after CPAP therapy. SETTING AND PATIENTS: We studied 30 patients with apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) >15/h that were compared with themselves after three months of CPAP therapy. FMD was assessed non-invasively in vivo using the Laser-Doppler flowmetry. Circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) and microparticles (MPs) were measured as markers of endothelial damage and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined as a marker of endothelial restoration process. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: After three month with CPAP, FMD significantly increased (1072.26 ± 483.21 vs. 1604.38 ± 915.69 PU, p< 0.005) cf-DNA and MPs significantly decreased (187.93 ± 115.81 vs. 121.28 ± 78.98 pg/ml, p<0.01, and 69.60 ± 62.60 vs. 39.82 ± 22.14 U/μL, p<0.05, respectively) and VEGF levels increased (585.02 ± 246.06 vs. 641.11 ± 212.69 pg/ml, p<0.05). These changes were higher in patients with more severe disease. There was a relationship between markers of damage (r = -0.53, p<0.005) but not between markers of damage and restoration, thus suggesting that both types of markers should be measured together. CONCLUSIONS: CPAP therapy improves FMD. This improvement may be related to an increase of endothelial restoration process and a decrease of endothelial damage

Transporte y movilidad en el marco de la sustentabilidad y competitividad de la ciudad posmoderna

La dinámica urbana depende de tres tipos de factores: físicos, funcionales y morales. Cada uno de ellos representa una dimensión de análisis de la ciudad. El transporte urbano en es un componente de la dimensión funcional, el comportamiento de los individuos se relaciona con la dimensión moral y las características locacionales de los usos del suelo y la infraestructura se asocian con la dimensión física. El propósito del presente trabajo es exponer las características y el papel del transporte urbano de pasajeros en la movilidad de la ciudad posmoderna en el marco de los discursos sobre la sustentabilidad y la competitividad urbanas bajo el análisis de los factores físicos, funcionales y morales mencionados anteriormente.La dinámica urbana depende de tres tipos de factores: físicos, funcionales y morales. Cada uno de ellos representa una dimensión de análisis de la ciudad. El transporte urbano en es un componente de la dimensión funcional, el comportamiento de los individuos se relaciona con la dimensión moral y las características locacionales de los usos del suelo y la infraestructura se asocian con la dimensión física. El propósito del presente trabajo es exponer las características y el papel del transporte urbano de pasajeros en la movilidad de la ciudad posmoderna en el marco de los discursos sobre la sustentabilidad y la competitividad urbanas bajo el análisis de los factores físicos, funcionales y morales mencionados anteriormente

El despertar de un consumo consciente en la moda

El movimiento Fast Fashion, comprar más usar menos, ha llevado a la industria textil a ser una de las más contaminantes del planet

Política comercial y evolución del sector externo en Colombia 1970–2016

The Colombian economy has witnessed an increase in commercial relations with the world. Regardless of the form, a country exercises a commercial policy whenever it intervenes to correct market imperfections. The article aims to describe the politics and evolution of the Colombian external sector for the period 1970-2016. Under a descriptive-analytical methodology and a quantitative approach, the collection, selection, analysis and interpretation of secondary sources is performed. It is found that the country has increased its commercial volume during the whole period, however, in 33 of the 47 years of study it incurs in a trade deficit. The policy instruments implemented have been liberalizing the national economy, but there is still a low diversification and dependence on traditional exports. Colombian trade policy is largely reactive and has operated to cope with coffee and oil bonanzas or currency availability, contrary to a long-term planning approach.La economía colombiana ha sido testigo del incremento de las relaciones comerciales con el mundo. Independientemente de la forma, un país ejerce política comercial toda vez que interviene para corregir imperfecciones del mercado. El artículo describe la política y la evolución del sector externo colombiano para el periodo 1970–2016. Bajo una metodología descriptiva-analítica y un enfoque cuantitativo se recolectan, seleccionan, analizan e interpretan las fuentes secundarias. Se encuentra que el país ha incrementado su volumen comercial durante todo el periodo; sin embargo, en 33 de los 47 años de estudio incurre en déficit comercial. Los instrumentos de política implementados han ido liberalizando la economía nacional, pero existe aún baja diversificación y dependencia de exportaciones tradicionales. La política comercial colombiana en gran parte es reactiva y ha operado para hacer frente a bonanzas cafeteras y petroleras o disponibilidad de divisas, contrario a un enfoque de planeación a largo plazo

Cointegración de exportación y crecimiento económico del Perú, periodo 2011-2020

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo determinar la cointegración entre exportación y crecimiento económico del Perú, periodo 2011-2020, investigación de diseño no experimental de alcance explicativo, enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal retrospectivo, las técnica empleada fue método de análisis de datos y como instrumento matriz análisis documentario la población está compuesta por datos obtenidos del Banco Central de Reserva del Perú en términos reales comprendidos entre los años 2011-2020, llegando a la siguiente conclusión que existe cointegración de las exportaciones y crecimiento económico del Perú, periodo 2011-2020, es decir existe una relación de largo plazo entre exportaciones reales y producto bruto interno real, explicándose en: PBIR = 1.612794*EXPR + 454.46*@TREND + 59472.54 es decir, por cada millón de exportaciones, el producto aumenta en 1.612794 millones y por cada año aumenta en 454.46 millones de soles, más un término independiente de 59,472 millones.The present research aims to determine the cointegration between exports and economic growth in Peru, period 2011-2020, non-experimental design research of explanatory scope, retrospective cross-sectional quantitative approach, the technique used was data analysis method and as a matrix instrument documentary analysis the population is composed of data obtained from the Central Reserve Bank of Peru in real terms between the years 2011-2020, reaching the following conclusion that there is cointegration of exports and economic growth of Peru, period 2011-2020, i.e. there is a long-term relationship between real exports and real gross domestic product, explained in: PBIR = 1.612794*EXPR + 454.46*@TREND + 59472.54 i.e., for every million exports, the product increases by 1.612794 million and for every year it increases by 454.46 million soles, plus an independent term of 59,472 million

Psychometric Properties of the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale among Young Colombians

(1) Background: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale among Colombian youth. (2) Method: A total of 2873 men and women between 18 and 26 years old (M = 21.45, SD = 2.26) took part in this study. All participants answered a socio-demographic survey, the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale, the UCLA Multidimensional Condom Attitudes Scale, The Condom Use Errors and Problems Scale, and the Sexual Assertiveness Scale. Sampling was web-based, and the survey was distributed via Facebook. (3) Results: The Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrated adequate reliability (ordinal α ranged = 0.76 to 0.92). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis suggested a four-factor structure with an explained variance of 69%. This dimensionality was also invariant across gender. Moreover, positive attitudes toward condom use were significantly associated with appropriation and assertiveness. Two dimensions (appropriation and partner disapproval) showed significant gender differences. (4) Conclusions: The Spanish–Colombian version of the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale is a psychometrically adequate instrument to measure perceived condom use self-efficacy. This scale can be used in both research and professional settings to measure self-efficacy at using condoms in young people