Medicinal Plants used in the Treatment of Hepatitis in BoboDioulasso: Studying the Availability and Analyzing the Phytochemical Properties of Combretum micranthum G. Don and Entada africana Guill. et Perr.

This paper focuses on studying the inventory of the medicinal plants used in hepatitis care in Bobo-Dioulasso and evaluating their availability in local vegetation and their phytochemical properties. To achieve this objective, several approaches were developed which include: (1) an ethnobotanical survey among 111 traditional health practitioners (THP); (2) a dendrometric study to evaluate the abundance and spatial distribution of these species in Dindérésso Classified Forest; and (3) an evaluation of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the two most quoted species roots using three methods such as anti-DPPH*, anti-FRAP, and antiABTS. The results show that Entada africana and Combretum micranthum were the most quoted species among 40 species used in the treatment of liver disease. The availability study revealed that juvenile and adult individuals of E. africana are frequent in woody savannah, shrubby savannah, and grassy savannah. As for juvenile and adult C. micranthum individuals, they are only frequent in wooded savannah (RI<60%). These populations are therefore declining due to anthropogenic pressure. Phytochemical analysis reveal polyphenols contents of 37.91 and 20.71 mg EAG/100 mg respectively for C. micranthum and E. africana and flavonoids contents of 0.85 ± 0.09 and 0.66 ± 0.05 mg EQ/100 mg respectively for C. micranthum and E. africana. Finally, the results show that there is an anti-oxidant activity for the two species. There were about 198 and 13 μmol EAA/g for the two species i.e., ABTS and DPPH, respectively. The results show that the antioxidant activity could partially justify the traditional use of this plant

Medicinal Plants Used for Neuropsychiatric Disorders Treatment in the Hauts Bassins Region of Burkina Faso

Background: In Burkina Faso, phytotherapy is the main medical alternative used by populations to manage various diseases that affect the nervous system. The aim of the present study was to report medicinal plants with psychoactive properties used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders in the Hauts Bassins region, in the western zone of Burkina Faso. Methods: Through an ethnobotanical survey using structured questionnaire, 53 traditional healers (TH) were interviewed about neuropsychiatric disorders, medicinal plants and medical practices used to treat them. The survey was carried out over a period of three months. Results: The results report 66 plant species used to treat neuropsychiatric pathologies. Roots (36.2%) and leaves (29%) were the main plant parts used. Alone or associated, these parts were used to prepare drugs using mainly the decoction and the trituration methods. Remedies were administered via drink, fumigation and external applications. Conclusions: It appears from this study a real knowledge of neuropsychiatric disorders in the traditional medicine of Hauts Bassins area. The therapeutic remedies suggested in this work are a real interest in the fight against psychiatric and neurological diseases. In the future, identified plants could be used for searching antipsychotic or neuroprotective compounds

Ethnobotanical and Phytochemical Profiling of Medicinal Plants from Burkina Faso Used to Increase Physical Performance

Background: Some ergogenic medicinal plants are used in exercise and sport in Africa in order to increase sport performance. However, data on their composition and their possible impacts on health are limited. This study was initiated to provide ethnobotanical data on plants traditionally used to optimize physical performance and to perform a qualitative characterization of their main chemical groups. Methods: Ethnobotanical surveys in two communes (Dedougou and Nouna), of the region of Boucle du Mouhoun, Burkina Faso and phytochemical analyses of the most interesting plants were conducted. Results: A total of 50 respondents including traditional hunters dozo, farmers, healers, herbalists, marabouts, etc., were interviewed. Fifty-two species used in the optimization of exercise and sports have been identified. The most cited species were Cassia sieberiana, Tamarindus indica, Annona senegalensis, Gardenia sokotensis, Securidaca longepedunculata, and Ficus tonningii. These plants are known to prevent muscle and skeletal disorders, aches and pains, and mental disorders. The study identified several types of plants including those displaying stimulation, anxiolytic, sedative, adaptogenic, or erythropoietic activities. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenes, and steroids, which are similar molecules families of those of doping molecules. Additionally, TLC screening allowed the characterization of numerous terpene and flavonoid compounds including rutin. Conclusions: The possible structural similarity of the characterized chemical groups of these species with those of doping families raise concerns about the consequences of their consumption. However, the identification of the active molecules of these species remains to be performed in order to predict the real risks associated with their consumption

Phytotherapeutical implications in pain perception - focusing on schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is an extremely complex psychiatric disease where perception of pain is altered, varying from abolition to lack of any kind of changes compared to normal controls and even hypersensitivity. In this way, the hypothesis of amending schizophrenia through pain therapy enhanced the importance of pain medication. But managing pain phenomenon in schizophrenia has large and unknown implications. Nevertheless, pharmacological interactions between the medications for these two entities are unknown and most likely would have a lot of side-effects and therefore ethnopharmacological methods became once again an interesting option.            Traditional medicine wisdom was followed in the pursuit of finding connections between ancient knowledge and current scientific proven facts.To our best of knowledge, this is the first time when pain, plants and schizophrenia are discussed together. In this way, it seems that by replacing fully synthesized chemical products, the risk of side-effects decreases. Also, it appears that some plants besides treating pain may have curing effects on the psychotic activities in schizophrenia.Therefore, through this mini-review we emphasized on the advantages of the ethonopharmacological approaches in pain conditions in the context of schizophrenia, but also highlighted some cases of inappropriate usage of plants in traditional therapy

Screening of antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antifungal activities and HPLC-MS identification of the bioactive phenolics of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk.

Eclipta alba is commonly used in traditional medicine for several ethnobotanical properties. Researchers have isolated several bioactive compounds of this plant. In Burkina Faso, this medicinal plant is mainly used for its antifungal properties. Our study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antifungal activities and to quantify polyphenols from Eclipta alba extracts using HPLC-MS. The crude extract (CE) and fractions of this plant were used for these activities through standard methods. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and acetonitrile fraction (ACNF) have been the potential inhibitors of the liver lipids peroxidation (According to the thiobarbituric acid method) with the percentages of 65.48% and 65.13%, respectively. Concerning the ABTS radical cation scavenging capacity descript by Guenné, ACNF (67.28 mg T/g of extract) and butanol fraction (BF) (66.03 mg T/g of extract) have presented the highest activities. BF has also presented an interesting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity with a percentage of 55.82%. For antifungal activity, the crude extract and ACNF have given the better MIC values against C. albican and T. beigelii with a concentration of 1.25 mg/mL using microplate method descript by Eloff. The strain C. krusei was only sensitive to butanol fraction. The polyphenols identified and quantified using HPLC-MS are: gentisic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, apigenin, luteolin and quercetin. The butanol fraction of E. alba presented the best activities for the tests performed; this fraction is a good ways to isolate new anti-fungal and anti-acetylcholinesterase compounds

Perceptions sur les Conduites Dopantes dans le Sport dans la Ville de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les Connaissances, Attitudes et Pratiques (CAP) chez les sportifs face aux conduites dopantes dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso. Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale, de novembre 2020 à janvier 2021, portant sur 390 sportifs de trois disciplines sportives: football, basketball, et handball. Les données ont été collectées à partir de questionnaires anonymes administrés ou auto-administrés. Au total, 73.1% (285) des sportifs ont participé à l’étude. Le sexe masculin était majoritaire, soit un sex-ratio de 2.47 et l’âge moyen des sportifs était de 21.4±3.68 ans. De plus, 69.12% (197) des sportifs ont déclaré avoir des connaissances sur le dopage ou sur les conduites dopantes et que les canaux privilégiés étaient les mass médias (55.79%) et les amis (10.18%). A l’issue de l’enquête CAP, 76.84% (219) ont déclaré pratiqué les conduites dopantes (p<0.001) et le football était de loin le sport qui favorisait ces conduites (p<0.001). Les conduites dopantes étaient corrélées positivement avec le sexe masculin (p<0.001), l’âge élevé du sportif (p=0.009) et son faible niveau d’instruction (p=0.006). Par ailleurs, les substances utilisées citées pour ces conduites étaient des produits pharmaceutiques, non pharmaceutiques et 9.82% (28) des sportifs utilisaient des plantes médicinales locales. L’amphétamine, une substance interdite, a été utilisée par 0.15% des sportifs. L’étude revèle que les participants ont une conduite dopante élevée et un manque d’information sur ces conduites. Des recommandations ont été formulées à leur regard afin de leur éviter les dangers liés au dopage. This study focuses on evaluating the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of sportsmen and women on doping behaviour in the city of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. It was a cross-sectional study, from November 2020 to January 2021, consisting of 390 athletes in three sports: football, basketball, and handball. The data were collected by using anonymous administered questionnaires or self-administered questionnaires. A total of 73.1% (285) of the athletes agreed to participate in the study. The majority were male, with a sex ratio of 2.47, and the mean age of the athletes was 21.4±3.68 years. 69.12% (197) of the athletes also stated that they had knowledge about doping or doping behaviour, and the source of this information was from mass media (55.79%) and friends (10.18%). From the KAP survey, 76.84% (219) declared that they practised doping behaviour (p<0.001) and football was the sport that favoured this behaviour (p<0.001). Doping behaviours were positively correlated with male gender (p<0.001), older age (p=0.009), and lower education level (p=0.006). The substances used were pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical, while 9.82% (28) of the athletes used local medicinal plants. Amphetamine, an illegal substance, was used by 0.15% of the athletes. The study further reveals that participants have a high level of doping behaviour and a lack of information about these behaviours. Recommendations were formulated for them to avoid the dangers of doping

Antioxidant and anticancer activities of polyphenolic compounds from three Acanthaceae medicinal species from Burkina Faso

Phytochemical screening and biological activities of methanol extracts from three Acanthaceae species namely Hygrophila auriculata (H. auriculata), Nelsonia canescens (N. canescens) and Peristrophe bicalyculata (P. bicalyculata), widely used in local ethnomedicine, were carried out. Phenolic content quantification indicated that H. auriculata extract possessed the highest polyphenolics content followed by N. canescens and P. bicalyculata. Biological activities assessment showed that H. auriculata extract has the best antioxidant (through DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods) capacity. Acetylcholinesterase and Lipoxygenase inhibition tests revealed interesting activities from P. bicalyculata. Testing cancer cells antiproliferation, it was showed that H. auriculata and N. canescens) were of good interest (27.00±1.55 and 29.70±3.11 µg/mL).These results showed that the phenolic compounds of these plants could justify their local traditional use to treat inflammatory and tumoral diseases

Antioxidant and anticancer activities of polyphenolic compounds from three Acanthaceae medicinal species from Burkina Faso

Phytochemical screening and biological activities of methanol extracts from three Acanthaceae species namely Hygrophila auriculata (H auriculata), Nelsonia canescens (N canescenŝ) and Peristrophe bicalyculata (P. bicalyculata), widely used in local ethnomedicine, were carried out. Phenolic content quantification indicated that H auriculata extract possessed the highest polyphenolics content followed by N canescens and P. bicalyculata. Biological activities assessment showed that H. auriculata extract has the best antioxidant (through DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods) capacity. Acetylcholinesterase and Lipoxygenase inhibition tests revealed interesting activities from P bicalyculata. Testing cancer cells antiproliferation, it was showed that H auriculata and N canescens) wereof good interest (27.00±1.55 and 29.70±3.11 μg/mL). These results showed that the phenolic compounds of these plants could justify their local traditional use to treat inflammatory and tumoral diseases.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe