3,458 research outputs found
Deterministic creation, pinning, and manipulation of quantized vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate
We experimentally and numerically demonstrate deterministic creation and
manipulation of a pair of oppositely charged singly quantized vortices in a
highly oblate Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Two identical blue-detuned,
focused Gaussian laser beams that pierce the BEC serve as repulsive obstacles
for the superfluid atomic gas; by controlling the positions of the beams within
the plane of the BEC, superfluid flow is deterministically established around
each beam such that two vortices of opposite circulation are generated by the
motion of the beams, with each vortex pinned to the \emph{in situ} position of
a laser beam. We study the vortex creation process, and show that the vortices
can be moved about within the BEC by translating the positions of the laser
beams. This technique can serve as a building block in future experimental
techniques to create, on-demand, deterministic arrangements of few or many
vortices within a BEC for precise studies of vortex dynamics and vortex
interactions.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
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Self-consistent wave-particle interactions in dispersive scale long-period field-line-resonances
Using 1D Vlasov drift-kinetic computer simulations, it
is shown that electron trapping in long period standing shear Alfven waves (SAWs) provides an efficient energy sink for wave energy that is much more effective than Landau
damping. It is also suggested that the plasma environment
of low altitude auroral-zone geomagnetic field lines is more
suited to electron acceleration by inertial or kinetic scale
Alfven waves. This is due to the self-consistent response of
the electron distribution function to SAWs, which must
accommodate the low altitude large-scale current system in
standing waves. We characterize these effects in terms of the relative magnitude of the wave phase and electron thermal velocities. While particle trapping is shown to be significant across a wide range of plasma temperatures and wave frequencies, we find that electron beam formation in long period waves is more effective in relatively cold plasma
Corporate Social Responsibility as a Critical Tool in achieving Harmony with Host Communities: The Case of SEPLAT
Sustainability is not just important for people and the planet but also for business success. Business experts will cite everything from strong loyalty programme to a personalised, mobile friendly shopping experience as keys to business success. These offerings are certainly important, but one thing that may tilt the scale in your favour is using your profits to do good in the world. This is where Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) comes in. CSR refers to a business practice that involves participating in initiatives that benefit society. This study therefore appraises the use of cooperate social responsibility in achieving harmonious coexistence with host communities with its ripple effect on the economy and corporate image of an organisation. The study adopts the qualitative analytical technique in evaluating the very essence of corporate social responsibility practice by corporate organisations as an off-shoot of public relations practice vis-à-vis its salient contributions to the health of any organisation. It goes without saying that CSR determines to a large extent the existence, profitability and sustainability of an organisation. The foregoing underscores the particular mention of SEPLAT Petroleum Development Company Plc and its CSR model as an acme of good corporate citizen. The study concludes among others that without CSR, an organisation may find it difficult to operate in a safe environment and may even go into extinction. It recommends among others that organisations operating in Nigeria should take a cue from SEPLAT Petroleum Company Plc in developing a CSR model in tandem with the needs and aspirations of their host communities with an aim to promoting mutual and harmonious relationship with them. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Critical tool, Harmony, Host Communities, SEPLAT Plc
The Informal Sector Tax Revenue Potential: A Case of Zimbabwe
In this paper we sought to analyse the performance of informal sector tax revenue and to establish whether economic resources should be channelled to this sector in a bid to tax it. The study employed literature review method. The evidence suggests that the informal sector play an important role in the Zimbabwean economy such as creating jobs, poverty eradication and also as a test bed from which willing taxpayers can graduate into mainstream however their contribution to the national tax revenue is insignificant despite Government efforts. We established that Zimbabwe has no effective mechanism to collect revenue from the informal sector. The study recommends that more resources be channelled to the informal sector due to high revenue potentials. Keywords: Informal sector, presumptive tax, Tax revenu
Modelling groundwater-dependent vegetation patterns using ensemble learning
International audienceVegetation patterns arise from the interplay between intraspecific and interspecific biotic interactions and from different abiotic constraints and interacting driving forces and distributions. In this study, we constructed an ensemble learning model that, based on spatially distributed environmental variables, could model vegetation patterns at the local scale. The study site was an alluvial floodplain with marked hydrologic gradients on which different vegetation types developed. The model was evaluated on accuracy, and could be concluded to perform well. However, model accuracy was remarkably lower for boundary areas between two distinct vegetation types. Subsequent application of the model on a spatially independent data set showed a poor performance that could be linked with the niche concept to conclude that an empirical distribution model, which has been constructed on local observations, is incapable to be applied beyond these boundaries
Observation of vortex dipoles in an oblate Bose-Einstein condensate
We report experimental observations and numerical simulations of the
formation, dynamics, and lifetimes of single and multiply charged quantized
vortex dipoles in highly oblate dilute-gas Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We
nucleate pairs of vortices of opposite charge (vortex dipoles) by forcing
superfluid flow around a repulsive gaussian obstacle within the BEC. By
controlling the flow velocity we determine the critical velocity for the
nucleation of a single vortex dipole, with excellent agreement between
experimental and numerical results. We present measurements of vortex dipole
dynamics, finding that the vortex cores of opposite charge can exist for many
seconds and that annihilation is inhibited in our highly oblate trap geometry.
For sufficiently rapid flow velocities we find that clusters of like-charge
vortices aggregate into long-lived dipolar flow structures.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 EPAPS fil
How signature strengths develop positive interdependence and empowerment in an inclusive education context
This study evaluates the Individual Strengths, Collective Power! program in fostering students' use of strengths vocabulary and improving classroom relationships in an inclusive education setting in Switzerland, where students with and without special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) attend school together. The study involved 179 students, ages 8 to 12, divided into an experimental group that received specific training and an active control group that had access to program resources, regardless of their SEND status. The study used the Strengths Use Scale (SUS) and the Gratitude Questionnaire to measure students' awareness of their strengths and gratitude. In addition, a sociometric measure, the Peer Acceptance Index (PAI), was developed to assess classroom dynamics. Results indicate that strengths-based interventions significantly expanded students' vocabulary of strengths and increased positive discourse, particularly among girls. Time and age were the main predictors of positive peer commentary, rather than the interventions themselves, which had no significant effect on PAI scores. The study suggests that strengths-based tools, even without guided use, can positively influence students' language about strengths, although they did not change classroom relationships within the 9-week period. Further research is recommended to explore the specific effects and mechanisms of strengths-based interventions in inclusive settings
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