The South Eastern BRT Network in Brisbane, Australia: How much is added to residential house values as a result of the network effect?

This paper addresses an area of policy much understudied in the literature. It emerged out of investigating the policy needs of governments seeking to find new ways of funding public transport infrastructure. Land rent theory (Alonso, 1964) identifies that the value of unimproved land reflects accessibility gradients with new transport infrastructure, through improvements in accessibility, uplifting land values. Capturing the uplift in land value for funding requires that the amount of uplift be known as well as when the uplift occurs – is this after the announcement of the project, after building starts or when the new infrastructure starts to operate? However, many cities plan a number of projects over a longer timescale, what is the value of the network effect as additional infrastructure provides the opportunity to access more destinations quickly. This network effect is a case of a ‘product’ that has less value in isolation but increases in value when in combination with other ‘products’ (Katz and Shapiro, 1994). There have been a few studies on the timing of uplift (Gatzlaff and Smith, 1993; Knaap et al., 2001), but these have been generally confined to rail based infrastructure in the public transport domain. The objective of this paper is to identify how much is added to residential land values through the provision of bus rapid transit (BRT) in Brisbane, Australia and to identify specifically the value of the network effect as incrementally adding to existing transport infrastructure as a feature of Australian cities. The paper is structured as follows. The next section explores the literature context for this study. This is followed by a description of the data and the case-study area. The method follows which describes the difference in difference methodology employed while the following section interprets the results. The final section discusses the results and concludes with recommendations for future research

Intralobar Bronchopulmonary Sequestration with Associated Cardiac Malformation

O sequestro pulmonar intralobar geralmente não está associado a outras anomalias congénitas. Apresenta-se o caso clínico de um recém-nascido com diagnóstico pré-natal de anomalia pulmonar com desvio do mediastino,a quem foi diagnosticada uma coartação da aorta ao quinto dia de vida. A tomografia computorizada torácica revelou uma massa sólida na região basal posterior do lobo inferior esquerdo, sugerindo poder corresponder a um sequestro pulmonar intralobar. Foi submetido a cirurgia de correção da coartação da aorta e de ressecção do segmento correspondente de sequestro pulmonar.O exame anatomopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico de sequestro pulmonar intralobar. À data da redação deste trabalho, a criança tinha quatro anos de idade e estava clinicamente bem. O caso ilustra a associação de sequestro pulmonar intralobar a uma malformação cardíaca

Phenomenology of production and decay of spinning extra-dimensional black holes at hadron colliders

We present results of CHARYBDIS2, a new Monte Carlo simulation of black hole production and decay at hadron colliders in theories with large extra dimensions and TeV-scale gravity. The main new feature of CHARYBDIS2 is a full treatment of the spin-down phase of the decay process using the angular and energy distributions of the associated Hawking radiation. Also included are improved modelling of the loss of angular momentum and energy in the production process as well as a wider range of options for the Planck-scale termination of the decay. The new features allow us to study the effects of black hole spin and the feasibility of its observation in such theories

Nurses' promotion of Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes for upper secondary students: a modified Delphi approach

Background: Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes can be carried out by nurses in schools. Adolescents have reported the importance of these interventions, the contents to be addressed, and intervention strategies that should be used. Mental health nurses have also discussed the characteristics of these training programmes. This study sought to create a consensus on the features of Mental Health First Aid Training Programmes promoted by nurses aimed at upper secondary students. Methods: A descriptive mixed method study was developed using the modified e-Delphi technique. Original statements on the topic were drawn from the results section of previous studies with nurses and adolescents. The statements were included in a structured online questionnaire. An expert panel of 78 mental health nurses participated in the two-rounds online survey from October to December 2021. Absolute and relative frequencies of responses were analysed. The experts' comments were also considered. Results: In the first round, experts suggested 4 new ideas about training programmes. Experts took a position on a total of 59 declarations. At least 75% of participants agreed with 58 statements about training programmes, namely about facilitators, intervention foci, evaluation methodology, participants, the implementation context, period and regularity, intervention strategies and content. The experts' opinions differed only in one statement that expressed the impaired sexual behaviour as a mental health problem to be addressed in the training programmes. Conclusions: Mental health nurses can lead the delivery of training programmes in upper secondary schools, improving adolescent competencies in mental health. Several educational approaches can be used to teach about mental health, related problems and actions underlying these conditions. Valid and appropriate assessment methods must be used. Our findings guide the planning, implementation and evaluation of these interventions in upper secondary schools and encourage nurses to explore these programmes and include them in their educational curricula

Psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing: guiding principles for implementation in clinical practice

Contexto: apesar de, em Portugal, se encontrar regulamentada a competência dos enfermeiros especialistas em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental para realizar intervenções psicoterapêuticas, não existia até agora qualquer modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem que permitisse sistematizar essa prática. Tendo este sido desenvolvido e avaliado quanto à sua eficácia, importa agora que a sua utilização seja clara para que este possa ser transposto para a prática clínica. Objetivo: descrever os passos necessários para a operacionalização do modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem nos contextos da prática clínica. Métodos: este trata-se de um artigo de boas práticas no qual são apresentadas as estratégias a adotar para a operacionalização do modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem na prática clínica, bem como algumas dificuldades relacionadas com a sua utilização. Resultados: numa sessão 0 o utente deve ser avaliado no sentido de apreciar se este cumpre os critérios de inclusão e não apresenta qualquer critério de exclusão para ser intervencionado com recurso ao modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem. Após a identificação do(s) diagnóstico(s) de Enfermagem prioritário(s) (CIPE ou NANDA-I) importa compreender a origem/causa do(s) problema(s) e, de acordo com a mesma, selecionar a(s) intervenção/ões psicoterapêutica(s) de Enfermagem (NIC) a utilizar (mediante o preconizado na obra "Ligações NANDA-NOC-NIC: Condições clínicas: Suporte ao raciocínio e assistência de qualidade"). Conclusões: o modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem parece ser uma mais-valia pela possibilidade de sistematizar a prática dos enfermeiros especialistas em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental. Contudo, é ainda necessário criar ferramentas que permitam simplificar a sua transposição para a prática clínica

A intervenção psicoterapêutica em enfermagem de saúde mental: conceitos e desafios

Contexto: em Portugal, o Regulamento n.º 129/2011 refere que os enfermeiros especialistas em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental têm a competência para prestar cuidados de âmbito psicoterapêutico. Porém, não existe uma definição operacional do termo intervenção psicoterapêutica nem existe qualquer modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica criado por enfermeiros e/ou baseado no conhecimento de Enfermagem. Tal facto dificulta a afirmação do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica (ESMP) como um profissional com conhecimentos e competências para a prestação de cuidados de âmbito psicoterapêutico. Objetivos e metodologia: de modo a compreender o que pode ser feito, em Portugal, para promover e advogar pela realização efetiva de intervenções psicoterapêuticas, enquanto intervenção autónoma de Enfermagem, por parte dos enfermeiros especialistas em ESMP, foi elaborado o presente artigo teórico. Assim, procedeu-se a uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema e à análise do mesmo como forma de procurar encontrar uma proposta de solução para o problema identificado. Resultados e conclusão: o desenvolvimento e avaliação de um modelo de intervenção psicoterapêutica em Enfermagem parece ser uma possível solução para permitir que os enfermeiros especialistas em ESMP realizem, efetivamente, intervenções psicoterapêuticas enquanto intervenção autónoma de Enfermagem. Na sua base terá que estar presente, necessariamente, conhecimento de Enfermagem (desenvolvido por enfermeiros), como forma de consolidar a vertente autónoma do modelo de intervenção a criar, devendo este dar resposta a diagnósticos de Enfermagem e não a diagnósticos médicos

Intervenções psicoterapêuticas de enfermagem NIC na prática clínica em Portugal: um estudo descritivo

Contexto: el Reglamento nº 129/2011 establece que los enfermeros especialistas en Enfermería de Salud Mental y Psiquiatría (ESMP) tienen la competencia para proporcionar cuidados de ámbito psicoterapéutico. Sin embargo, esto no indica cuales son las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas que pueden ser realizadas por los mismos ni analiza la realidad a nivel nacional en este dominio. Objetivo: para identificar la frecuencia de ejecución de las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas NIC en la práctica clínica, la relación percibida por los enfermeros entre la formación y el conocimiento y las habilidades necesarias para llevar a cabo esas intervenciones, la forma habitual de su ejecución, y los factores percibidos por los enfermeros como facilitadores y dificultando la realización de las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas NIC en la práctica clínica. Métodos: un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se recurrió a un muestreo no probabilístico de bola de nieve para colectar datos junto de los enfermeros especialistas en ESMP. El número total de participantes fue de 83 enfermeros. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre mayo y junio de 2014 y se concretizó a través de un cuestionario en línea. Resultados: el asesoramiento fue designado como la intervención psicoterapéutica NIC más realizada por los enfermeros en la práctica clínica, siendo también aquella para la que se considere haya tenido más formación y que es realizada de manera más autónoma. La motivación individual es apuntada como el principal factor para facilitar la ejecución de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en la práctica clínica. Conclusiones: en vista de la creciente aplicación de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en la práctica clínica parece esencial para una mayor inversión en el enfoque en estas intervenciones al nivel de la formación, bien como tomar medidas para aumentar la motivación individual de los enfermeros y garantizar la existencia de dotaciones seguras

Transcultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the spanish version of the therapeutic relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse

Background: The nurse-patient therapeutic relationship is considered a pillar of mental health nursing, contributing to improved person-centered care and shared decision making with the patient. Given the importance of the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship, appropriate evaluation instruments are required to assess its quality. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse. Methods: A translation and back-translation of the scale was carried out. To analyze the psychometric properties, the scale was administered to 213 nurses working in the field of mental health care. Temporal stability or test-retest was examined by means of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in a sample of 100 nurses. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed a four-factor structure identical to the original version, with some poor model fit indices. The ordinal alpha values for the total scale and the four factors were 0.939, 0.654, 0.798, 0.801, and 0.866, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.928 (95% CI: 0.893-0.952). Conclusions: The results show that the Spanish version of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse is reliable for determining the quality of the therapeutic relationship that mental health nurses can establish with their patients. However, more studies are needed to analyse the model fit of the instrument's factor structure in the Spanish population

Automatic Detection of Malignant Masses in Digital Mammograms Based on a MCET-HHO Approach

Digital image processing techniques have become an important process within medical images. These techniques allow the improvement of the images in order to facilitate their interpretation for specialists. Within these are the segmentation methods, which help to divide the images by regions based on different approaches, in order to identify details that may be complex to distinguish initially. In this work, it is proposed the implementation of a multilevel threshold segmentation technique applied to mammography images, based on the Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm, in order to identify regions of interest (ROIs) that contain malignant masses. The method of minimum cross entropy thresholding (MCET) is used to select the optimal threshold values for the segmentation. For the development of this work, four mammography images were used (all with presence of a malignant tumor), in their two views, craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO), obtained from the Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM). Finally, the ROIs calculated were compared with the original ROIs of the database through a series of metrics, to evaluate the behavior of the algorithm. According to the results obtained, where it is shown that the agreement between the original ROIs and the calculated ROIs is significantly high, it is possible to conclude that the proposal of the MCET-HHO algorithm allows the automatic identification of ROIs containing malignant tumors in mammography images with significant accuracy.Digital image processing techniques have become an important process within medical images. These techniques allow the improvement of the images in order to facilitate their interpretation for specialists. Within these are the segmentation methods, which help to divide the images by regions based on different approaches, in order to identify details that may be complex to distinguish initially. In this work, it is proposed the implementation of a multilevel threshold segmentation technique applied to mammography images, based on the Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm, in order to identify regions of interest (ROIs) that contain malignant masses. The method of minimum cross entropy thresholding (MCET) is used to select the optimal threshold values for the segmentation. For the development of this work, four mammography images were used (all with presence of a malignant tumor), in their two views, craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO), obtained from the Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM). Finally, the ROIs calculated were compared with the original ROIs of the database through a series of metrics, to evaluate the behavior of the algorithm. According to the results obtained, where it is shown that the agreement between the original ROIs and the calculated ROIs is significantly high, it is possible to conclude that the proposal of the MCET-HHO algorithm allows the automatic identification of ROIs containing malignant tumors in mammography images with significant accuracy