452 research outputs found
Injection and migration of charges in the oxide of a metal-oxide-semiconductor structure
Injection of charges in oxide of metal oxide semiconductor structur
Electron Coherence in Mesoscopic Kondo Wires
We present measurements of the magnetoresistance of long and narrow quasi
one-dimensional gold wires containing magnetic iron impurities. The electron
phase coherence time extracted from the weak antilocalisation shows a
pronounced plateau in a temperature region of 300 mK - 800 mK, associated with
the phase breaking due to the Kondo effect. Below the Kondo temperature, the
phase coherence time increases, as expected in the framework of Kondo physics.
At much lower temperatures, the phase coherence time saturates again, in
contradiction with standard Fermi liquid theory. In the same temperature
regime, the resistivity curve displays a characteristic maximum at zero
magnetic field, associated with the formation of a spin glass state. We argue
that the interactions between the magnetic moments are responsible for the low
temperature saturation of the phase coherence time.Comment: To appear in Advances in Solid State Physics, Vol 43, edited by B.
Kramer (Springer Verlag, Berlin 2003
Quantum Coherence at Low Temperatures in Mesoscopic Systems: Effect of Disorder
We study the disorder dependence of the phase coherence time of quasi
one-dimensional wires and two-dimensional (2D) Hall bars fabricated from a high
mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. Using an original ion implantation
technique, we can tune the intrinsic disorder felt by the 2D electron gas and
continuously vary the system from the semi-ballistic regime to the localized
one. In the diffusive regime, the phase coherence time follows a power law as a
function of diffusion coefficient as expected in the Fermi liquid theory,
without any sign of low temperature saturation. Surprisingly, in the
semi-ballistic regime, it becomes independent of the diffusion coefficient. In
the strongly localized regime we find a diverging phase coherence time with
decreasing temperature, however, with a smaller exponent compared to the weakly
localized regime.Comment: 21 pages, 30 figure
A few-electron quadruple quantum dot in a closed loop
We report the realization of a quadruple quantum dot device in a square-like
configuration where a single electron can be transferred on a closed path free
of other electrons. By studying the stability diagrams of this system, we
demonstrate that we are able to reach the few-electron regime and to control
the electronic population of each quantum dot with gate voltages. This allows
us to control the transfer of a single electron on a closed path inside the
quadruple dot system. This work opens the route towards electron spin
manipulation using spin-orbit interaction by moving an electron on complex
paths free of electron
Conductance and persistent current in quasi-one-dimensional systems with grain boundaries: Effects of the strongly reflecting and columnar grains
We study mesoscopic transport in the Q1D wires and rings made of a 2D
conductor of width W and length L >> W. Our aim is to compare an impurity-free
conductor with grain boundaries with a grain-free conductor with impurity
disorder. A single grain boundary is modeled as a set of the
2D--function-like barriers positioned equidistantly on a straight line
and disorder is emulated by a large number of such straight lines, intersecting
the conductor with random orientation in random positions. The impurity
disorder is modeled by the 2D -barriers with the randomly chosen
positions and signs. The electron transmission through the wires is calculated
by the scattering-matrix method, and the Landauer conductance is obtained. We
calculate the persistent current in the rings threaded by magnetic flux: We
incorporate into the scattering-matrix method the flux-dependent cyclic
boundary conditions and we introduce a trick allowing to study the persistent
currents in rings of almost realistic size. We mainly focus on the numerical
results for L much larger than the electron mean-free path, when the transport
is diffusive. If the grain boundaries are weakly reflecting, the systems with
grain boundaries show the same (mean) conductance and the same (typical)
persistent current as the systems with impurities, and the results also agree
with the single-particle theories treating disorder as a white-noise-like
potential. If the grain boundaries are strongly reflecting, the typical
persistent currents can be about three times larger than the results of the
white-noise-based theory, thus resembling the experimental results of Jariwala
et al. (PRL 2001). We extend our study to the 3D conductors with columnar
grains. We find that the persistent current exceeds the white-noise-based
result by another one order of magnitude, similarly as in the experiment of
Chandrasekhar et al. (PRL 1991)
Ergodic vs diffusive decoherence in mesoscopic devices
We report on the measurement of phase coherence length in a high mobility
two-dimensional electron gas patterned in two different geometries, a wire and
a ring. The phase coherence length is extracted both from the weak localization
correction in long wires and from the amplitude of the Aharonov-Bohm
oscillations in a single ring, in a low temperature regime when decoherence is
dominated by electronic interactions. We show that these two measurements lead
to different phase coherence lengths, namely and . This difference
reflects the fact that the electrons winding around the ring necessarily
explore the whole sample (ergodic trajectories), while in a long wire the
electrons lose their phase coherence before reaching the edges of the sample
(diffusive regime).Comment: LaTeX, 5 pages, 4 pdf figures ; v2: revised versio
Quantum and Boltzmann transport in the quasi-one-dimensional wire with rough edges
We study quantum transport in Q1D wires made of a 2D conductor of width W and
length L>>W. Our aim is to compare an impurity-free wire with rough edges with
a smooth wire with impurity disorder. We calculate the electron transmission
through the wires by the scattering-matrix method, and we find the Landauer
conductance for a large ensemble of disordered wires. We study the
impurity-free wire whose edges have a roughness correlation length comparable
with the Fermi wave length. The mean resistance and inverse mean
conductance 1/ are evaluated in dependence on L. For L -> 0 we observe the
quasi-ballistic dependence 1/ = = 1/N_c + \rho_{qb} L/W, where 1/N_c
is the fundamental contact resistance and \rho_{qb} is the quasi-ballistic
resistivity. As L increases, we observe crossover to the diffusive dependence
1/ = = 1/N^{eff}_c + \rho_{dif} L/W, where \rho_{dif} is the
resistivity and 1/N^{eff}_c is the effective contact resistance corresponding
to the N^{eff}_c open channels. We find the universal results
\rho_{qb}/\rho_{dif} = 0.6N_c and N^{eff}_c = 6 for N_c >> 1. As L exceeds the
localization length \xi, the resistance shows onset of localization while the
conductance shows the diffusive dependence 1/ = 1/N^{eff}_c + \rho_{dif} L/W
up to L = 2\xi and the localization for L > 2\xi only. On the contrary, for the
impurity disorder we find a standard diffusive behavior, namely 1/ =
= 1/N_c + \rho_{dif} L/W for L < \xi. We also derive the wire conductivity from
the semiclassical Boltzmann equation, and we compare the semiclassical electron
mean-free path with the mean free path obtained from the quantum resistivity
\rho_{dif}. They coincide for the impurity disorder, however, for the edge
roughness they strongly differ, i.e., the diffusive transport is not
semiclassical. It becomes semiclassical for the edge roughness with large
correlation length
Shot noise in coupled dots and the "fractional charges"
We consider the problem of shot noise in resonant tunneling through double
quantum dots in the case of interacting particles. Using a many-body quantum
mechanical description we evaluate the energy dependent transmission
probability, the total average current and the shot noise spectrum. Our results
show that the obtained reduction of the noise spectrum, due to Coulomb
interaction, can be interpret in terms of non--interacting particles with
fractional charge like behavior.Comment: some clarifications added, to appear in Phys. Lett.
Experimental Test of the Numerical Renormalization Group Theory for Inelastic Scattering from Magnetic Impurities
We present measurements of the phase coherence time \tauphi in quasi
one-dimensional Au/Fe Kondo wires and compare the temperature dependence of
\tauphi with a recent theory of inelastic scattering from magnetic impurities
(Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 107204 (2004)). A very good agreement is obtained for
temperatures down to 0.2 . Below the Kondo temperature , the inverse
of the phase coherence time varies linearly with temperature over almost one
decade in temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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