60 research outputs found
New-Age Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) Alloy for High Temperature-High Strength Applications: A Review
One of the prime challenges with age hardened Al-Cu alloys is the strength degradation at high temperatures (above ∼250°C) due to the coarsening of strengthening θ′ precipitates and associated metastable θ′ → stable θ phase transformation. A recent discovery suggests that micro-alloying with Manganese (Mn) and Zirconium (Zr) can synergistically restrict θ′ precipitate coarsening, thereby rendering an excellent high temperature stability for Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) alloys. The θ′ precipitates are stabilized primarily from the reduction of interfacial energy by preferential solute segregation (Mn & Zr) at θ′ precipitate/α-Al matrix interfaces. The Al-Cu-Mn-Zr alloys thereby exhibit excellent high temperature hardness and tensile properties (yield and ultimate tensile strength) in addition to superior fatigue life and creep resistance. This newly developed Al-Cu-Mn-Zr alloys also showed excellent hot tearing resistance compared to the conventional cast Al-Cu alloys so much so that it meets the industrial standards as well. These alloys also have promising manufacturing possibility by additive route. Overall, Al-Cu-Mn-Zr alloys offer great potential for the automotive industry because of their unprecedented high temperature performance which should enable engineers to build light weight passenger vehicles leading to a safer and greener environment
Development of Composite Stability Measure using Multi Criteria Decisions Making (MCDM) Techniques
Not AvailableOne of the most important challenges facing Indian agriculture is to provide food & nutritional security for rural resource-poor communities in the wake of decreasing land holdings. Hence, the selection of a suitable cultivar or variety for a specific environment is very much essential. The farmer’s risk can be minimized and it may improve their economic condition through selection of stable genotypes by using a suitable stability measure. Evaluation of genotypes on the basis of stability measures is essential for yield trials in different environments. Though large numbers of stability measures are available in the literature, deciding the proper stability measure for selecting stable genotypes is problematic. Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) technique or Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) has been employed to develop the proposed measure. In the present study, a suitable composite measure is developed by combining several methods into a single aggregate method by using MCDM technique, for selecting suitable genotypes which would be stable to environmental variations.ICA
Not Available
One of the most important challenges facing Indian agriculture is to provide food & nutritional security for rural resource-poor communities in
the wake of decreasing land holdings. Hence, selection of suitable cultivar or variety for specific environment is very much essential. The farmer’s risk
can be minimized and it may improve their economic condition through selection of stable genotypes by using a suitable stability measure. Evaluation
of genotypes on the basis of stability measure is essential for yield trials in different environments. Though, large numbers of stability measures are
available in literature, but deciding the proper stability measure for selecting stable genotypes is problematic. Multiple Criteria Decision-Making
(MCDM) technique or Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) has been employed to develop the proposed measure.
In the present study, a suitable composite measure is developed by combining several methods into a single aggregate method by using MCDM
technique, for selecting suitable genotypes which would be stable to environmental variations.Not Availabl
Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Mesoporous Nanosilica: Multimodal Applications in Frontier Areas of Science
Not Available
Not AvailableBiochar application to soil has been projected as an approach to improve soil quality, which can also infuence soil microbial
activities. In this experiment, we have utilized four dissimilar feedstocks derived biochar amendments. The highest microbial
biomass carbon was found in Lantana camara (LC) biochar followed by pine needle (PN), maize stalk (MS) and lowest in
black gram (BG) biochar. The dehydrogenase activity in diferent biochar treatment increased signifcantly along with control
with increase in incubation days except pine biochar where dehydrogenase decreased. Biochar application in soil increased
acid phosphatase compared to control. The highest alkaline phosphatase was found in MS and it was 20.56, 31.27, 42.52,
57.62 and 69.56 at 1, 7, 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The highest urease was found in LC followed by BG,
MS and lowest in PN among the biochar at both the biochar application rate. The biochar application augmented the protease
enzyme activity in soil, which might be due to augmenting the accessibility of inorganic nitrogen. The highest fuorescein
diacetate was found in LC and it was 10.12, 17.62, 24.62, 32.86 and 37.56 at 1, 7, 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The increased biological indicator was more at 2.5 t/ha biochar application rate than 5.0 t/ha i.e. lower concentration
of biochar enhanced more than higher concentration. This laboratory study demonstrated that biochar application can proft
incubated acid soils by improving microbial biomass carbon up-lift while increasing potential soil enzyme activityNot Availabl
Aluminium Alloys - Design and Development of Innovative Alloys, Manufacturing Processes and Applications
Sequence-Selective Binding of Phenazinium Dyes Phenosafranin and Safranin O to Guanine-Cytosine Deoxyribopolynucleotides: Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Studies
The sequence selectivity of the DNA binding of the phenazinium dyes phenosafranin and safranin O have
been investigated with four sequence-specific deoxyribopolynucleotides from spectroscopic and calorimetric
studies. The alternating guanine-cytosine sequence selectivity of the dyes has been revealed from binding
affinity values, circular dichroism, thermal melting, competition dialysis, and calorimetric results. The binding
affinities of both the dyes to the polynucleotides were of the order of 105 M-1, but the values were higher for
the guanine-cytosine polynucleotides over adenine-thymine ones. Phenosafranin had a higher binding affinity
compared to safranin O. Isothermal titration calorimetric studies revealed that the binding reactions were
exothermic and favored by negative enthalpy and predominantly large positive entropy contributions in all
cases except poly(dA) · poly(dT) where the profile was anomalous. Although charged, nonpolyelectrolytic
contribution was revealed to be dominant to the free energy of binding. The negative heat capacity values
obtained from the temperature dependence of enthalpy changes, which were higher for phenosafranin compared
to safranin O, suggested significant hydrophobic contribution to the binding process. In aggregate, the data
presents evidence for the alternating guanine-cytosine base pair selectivity of these phenazinium dyes and
a stronger binding of phenosafranin over safranin O
Probing the flat band potential and effective electronic carrier density in vertically aligned nitrogen doped diamond nanorods via electrochemical method
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