High pressure phases in highly piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3

Two novel room-temperature phase transitions are observed, via synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, in the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 alloy under hydrostatic pressures up to 16 GPa. A monoclinic (M)-to-rhombohedral (R1) phase transition takes place around 2-3 GPa, while this R1 phase transforms into another rhombohedral phase, R2, at about 6-7 GPa. First-principles calculations assign the R3m and R3c symmetry to R1 and R2, respectively, and reveal that R2 acts as a pressure-induced structural bridge between the polar R3m and a predicted antiferrodistortive R-3c phase.Comment: REVTeX, 4 pages with 3 figures embedded. Figs 1 and 3 in colo

Influence of uniaxial tensile stress on the mechanical and piezoelectric properties of short-period ferroelectric superlattice

Tetragonal ferroelectric/ferroelectric BaTiO3/PbTiO3 superlattice under uniaxial tensile stress along the c axis is investigated from first principles. We show that the calculated ideal tensile strength is 6.85 GPa and that the superlattice under the loading of uniaxial tensile stress becomes soft along the nonpolar axes. We also find that the appropriately applied uniaxial tensile stress can significantly enhance the piezoelectricity for the superlattice, with piezoelectric coefficient d33 increasing from the ground state value by a factor of about 8, reaching 678.42 pC/N. The underlying mechanism for the enhancement of piezoelectricity is discussed

The mid-infrared instrument for the James Webb space telescope, II: design and build

Instrumentatio

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Systemic Sclerosis [esclerose SistÊmica]

[No abstract available]441IX

Rheumatoid Arthritis [artrite Reumatoide]

[No abstract available]40826728

Sporothrix Schenckii Infection Mimicking Sarcoidosis [5]

[No abstract available]432248249Wilson, D., Mann, J., Bennett, J., Utz, J., Clinical features of extracutaneous sporotrichosis (1967) Medicine, 46, pp. 265-279Pappas, P.G., Tellez, I., Deep, A.E., Nolasco, D., Holgado, W., Bustamante, B., Sporotrichosis in Peru: Description of an area of hyperendemicity (2000) Clin. Infect. Dis., 30, pp. 65-70Schwartz, D.A., Sporothrix tenosynovitis - Differential diagnosis of granulomatous inflammatory disease of the joints (1989) J. Rheumatol., 16, pp. 550-553Yao, J., Penn, R.G., Ray, S., Articular sporotrichosis (1986) Clin. Orthop., 204, pp. 207-214Purvis, R.S., Diven, D.G., Drechsel, R.D., Calhoun, J.H., Tyring, S.K., Sporotrichosis presenting as arthritis and subcutaneous nodules (1993) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 28, pp. 879-884Lynch, P.J., Voorhees, J.J., Harrell, E.R., Sporotrichosis and sarcoidosis (1971) Arch. Dermatol., 103, pp. 298-303Ware, A.J., Cockerell, C.J., Skiest, D.J., Kussman, H.M., Disseminated sporotrichosis with extensive cutaneous involvement in a patient with AIDS (1999) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 40, pp. 350-355Kauffman, C.A., Hajjeh, R., Chapman, S.W., Practice guidelines for the management of patients with sporotrichosis. For the Mycoses Study Group, Infectious Disease Society of America (2000) Clin. Infect. Dis., 30, pp. 684-687Sharkey-Mathis, P.K., Kauffman, C.A., Graybill, J.R., Treatment of sporotrichosis with itraconazole (1993) Am. J. Med., 95, pp. 279-285. , NIAID mycoses study groupWinn, R.E., Anderson, J., Piper, J., Aronson, N.E., Pluss, J., Systemic sporotrichosis treated with itraconazole (1993) Clin. Infect. Dis., 17, pp. 210-21

Exhuberant Tophaceous Gout: Case Report [gota Tofacea Exuberante: Relato De Caso]

Gout is a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from tissue deposition of monossodium urate or uric acid crystals from extracellular fluids supersaturated with respect to this end product of human purine metabolism. The clinical manifestations are recurrent attacks of a unique type of acute inflammatory arthritis (acute gout), accumulation of potentially destructive crystal aggregates (tophi), especially in connective tissue structures. The authors report a patient with one year of follow-up, presenting chronic tophaceous gout and renal disease with severe deposition of monossodium urate crystals in joint and periarticular structures without ear cartilage involvement. They discuss about the follow-up forms of gout, its biological and clinical aspects, and factors implicated with the ear absence of crystal precipitation.381313