UNRESTRAINED MEASUREMENT OF ARM MOTION BASED ON A WEARABLE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Techniques that could precisely monitor human motion are useful in applications such as rehabilitation, virtual reality, sports science, and surveillance. Most of the existing systems require wiring that restrains the natural movement. To overcome this limitation, a wearable wireless sensor network using accelerometers has been developed in this paper to determine the arm motion in the sagittal plane. The system provides unrestrained movements and improves its usability. The lightweight and compact size of the developed sensor node makes its attachment to the limb easy. Experimental results have shown that the system has good accuracy and response rate when compared with a goniometer

Usulan Sistem Pengendalian Persediaan Kelapa Studi Kasus: PT. Setia Tri Jujur Bersama Manado

Pengendalian persediaan adalah aktivitas dan teknik pengendalian persediaan barang baik bahan baku, barang setengah jadi ataupun barang jadi. Untuk membuat suatu sistem pengendalian persediaan pertama-tama penulis melakukan evaluasi persediaan kelapa tahun 2005 dengan melakukan penyesuaian kebutuhan kelapa sesuai dengan permintaan tepung kelapa. Kemudian penulis melakukan perhitungan persediaan dengan menggunakan model pemeriksaan kontinu (continuous review) dan pemeriksaan periodic (periodic review). Setelah itu dilakukan peramalan kebutuhan kelapa untuk tahun 2006. Setelah didapatkan jumlah kebutuhan kelapa tahun 2006, maka penulis melakukan perhitungan dengan model pemeriksaan kontinu dan pemeriksaan periodik kembali. Dalam perhitungan ini, seluruh biaya-biaya persediaan diasumsikan mengalami kenaikan sebesar inflasi yaitu 7.33%. Pada tahapan ini akan didapatkan model pengendalian persediaan yang tepat diterapkan di Perusahaan berdasarkan kategori biaya. Kata kunci: Pengendalian persediaan, model pemeriksaan kontinu (continuous review), model pemeriksaan periodik (periodic review), peramalan, total biaya persediaan, SOP. Absract Inventory controls are the activities and techniques of maintaining the stock of items at desire level, whether they are raw materials, work in process orfinished products. To make an inventory control system, firstly the writer evaluated thecoconut inventory in 2005 by doing some adjustment based on the desiccated coconut demand. Then the writer counted the inventory by using continues review and periodic review models. After that the demand of coconut on 2006 is forecasted. After the writer got the demand quantity of coconut on 2006, the writer recounted the inventory by using continuous review and periodic review models. In this calculation, the inventory costs are assumed to increase 7,33% (inflation rate in 2006). In this step, we will get the optimal inventory control model that suitable to be implemented in the company

Demokrasi di Atas Pasir: Kemajuan dan Kemunduran Demokratisasi di Indonesia

Buku ini didasarkan atas survei yang menunjukkan bahwa demokrasi Indonesia, selain memperlihatkan kemajuan-kemajuan juga memperlihatkan beberapa kemunduran. Adalah benar bahwa rakyat yang sudah bebeas menggunakan hak suara mereka dalam pemilu, akan tetapi kaum perempuan (yang kebanyakan tidak memiliki jaringan yang bagus), kaum miskin dan kelompok marjinal, secara de facto terhalang untuk maju sebagai kandidat dan bahkan kadangkala untuk memilih. Upaya untuk mengembangkan representasi popular menjadi terhambat. Isu-isu mendasar seperti persamaan hak-hak sipil dan politik, serta pemenuhan hak-hak sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya juga menghadapi tantangan serupa. Oleh karena itu, ada kebutuhan mendesak untuk mengembangkan blok politik demokratis yang terorganisasikan dengan baik dan tidak didominasi atau dipengaruhi oleh partai. Upaya ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengingkatkan pengaruh masyarakat (demos) yang independen ke dalam aktivitas-aktivitas politik yang terorganisir; untuk mengubah relasi-relasi kekuasaan yang ada melalui representasi dan partisipasi yang lebih merakyat; untuk meningkatkan posisi-tawar yang mengarahkan pada tercapainya kompromi-kompromi yang lebih baik untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia

Frontline Science: Rapid adipose tissue expansion triggers unique proliferation and lipid accumulation profiles in adipose tissue macrophages

Obesityâ related changes in adipose tissue leukocytes, in particular adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and dendritic cells (ATDCs), are implicated in metabolic inflammation, insulin resistance, and altered regulation of adipocyte function. We evaluated stromal cell and white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion dynamics with high fat diet (HFD) feeding for 3â 56 days, quantifying ATMs, ATDCs, endothelial cells (ECs), and preadipocytes (PAs) in visceral epididymal WAT and subcutaneous inguinal WAT. To better understand mechanisms of the early response to obesity, we evaluated ATM proliferation and lipid accumulation. ATMs, ATDCs, and ECs increased with rapid WAT expansion, with ATMs derived primarily from a CCR2â independent resident population. WAT expansion stimulated proliferation in resident ATMs and ECs, but not CD11c+ ATMs or ATDCs. ATM proliferation was unperturbed in Csf2â and Rag1â deficient mice with WAT expansion. Additionally, ATM apoptosis decreased with WAT expansion, and proliferation and apoptosis reverted to baseline with weight loss. Adipocytes reached maximal hypertrophy at 28 days of HFD, coinciding with a plateau in resident ATM accumulation and the appearance of lipidâ laden CD11c+ ATMs in visceral epididymal WAT. ATM increases were proportional to tissue expansion and adipocyte hypertrophy, supporting adipocyteâ mediated regulation of resident ATMs. The appearance of lipidâ laden CD11c+ ATMs at peak adipocyte size supports a role in responding to ectopic lipid accumulation within adipose tissue. In contrast, ATDCs increase independently of proliferation and may be derived from circulating precursors. These changes precede and establish the setting in which largeâ scale adipose tissue infiltration of CD11c+ ATMs, inflammation, and adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to insulin resistance.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142947/1/jlb10097_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142947/2/jlb10097.pd

Designing multifunctional landscapes for forest conservation

A multifunctional landscape approach to forest protection has been advocated for tropical countries. Designing such landscapes necessitates that the role of different land uses in protecting forest be evaluated, along with the spatial interactions between land uses. However, such evaluations have been hindered by a lack of suitable analysis methodologies and data with fine spatial resolution over long time periods. We demonstrate the utility of a matching method with multiple categories to evaluate the role of alternative land uses in protecting forest. We also assessed the impact of land use change trajectories on the rate of deforestation. We employed data from Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo) at three different time periods during 2000–2012 to illustrate our approach. Four single land uses (protected areas (PA), natural forest logging concessions (LC), timber plantation concessions (TC) and oil-palm plantation concessions (OC)) and two mixed land uses (mixed concessions and the overlap between concessions and PA) were assessed. The rate of deforestation was found to be lowest for PA, followed by LC. Deforestation rates for all land uses tended to be highest for locations that share the characteristics of areas in which TC or OC are located (e.g. degraded areas), suggesting that these areas are inherently more susceptible to deforestation due to foregone opportunities. Our approach provides important insights into how multifunctional landscapes can be designed to enhance the protection of biodiversity

On the Analysis of Trajectory-Based Search Algorithms: When is it Beneficial to Reject Improvements?

We investigate popular trajectory-based algorithms inspired by biology and physics to answer a question of general significance: when is it beneficial to reject improvements? A distinguishing factor of SSWM (strong selection weak mutation), a popular model from population genetics, compared to the Metropolis algorithm (MA), is that the former can reject improvements, while the latter always accepts them. We investigate when one strategy outperforms the other. Since we prove that both algorithms converge to the same stationary distribution, we concentrate on identifying a class of functions inducing large mixing times, where the algorithms will outperform each other over a long period of time. The outcome of the analysis is the definition of a function where SSWM is efficient, while Metropolis requires at least exponential time. The identified function favours algorithms that prefer high quality improvements over smaller ones, revealing similarities in the optimisation strategies of SSWM and Metropolis respectively with best-improvement (BILS) and first-improvement (FILS) local search. We conclude the paper with a comparison of the performance of these algorithms and a (1, λ ) RLS on the identified function. The algorithm favours the steepest gradient with a probability that increases with the size of its offspring population. The results confirm that BILS excels and that the (1, λ ) RLS is efficient only for large enough population sizes

A Decade of Reformasi: Unsteady Democratisation

This article is based on two surveys on the state of democracy in Indonesia in order to assess the progress made by actors of democracy following the reformasi, bringing the authoritarian rule under Soeharto to an end after almost three decades in power. The efforts were a response to a conference in January 2002 on the democracy movement from which a recommendation assigned a task force to carry out an academically sound nationwide survey that would facilitate the discussion of a fresh agenda for democratisation. The task force appointed a team of researchers and constituted Demos, a research group, to support the research and follow up the results. The fi rst survey had been carried out in two rounds, in 2003 and 2004, while the second was conducted in 2007. The report of the first survey has now been published as Making Democracy Meaningful: Problems and Options in Indonesia (Priyono et.al. 2007) suggesting a deficit in Indonesia's democracy Indonesia through the widening gap between, on the one hand, comparatively remarkable civil-political freedoms and, on the other, by the poor condition of operational instruments

Targeting Enterococcus faecalis HMG-CoA reductase with a non-statin inhibitor

High-throughput in vitro screening and crystal structures identify a non-statin inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase for novel antibacterial drug design

In Situ Synthesis of Zero-Valent Iron-Decorated Lignite Carbon for Aqueous Heavy Metal Remediation

Lignite’s large abundance, physicochemical properties and low cost are attractive for industrial wastewater remediation. However, directly applying lignite for wastewater treatment suffers low efficiency. Here, we synthesize highly efficient zero-valent iron (ZVI)-decorated lignite carbon through the in-situ carbonization of a lignite and FeCl2 mixture for heavy metal removal. The effect of carbonization temperature on the morphology, structure and crystallite phases of ZVI-decorated lignite carbons (ZVI-LXs) was investigated. At an optimized temperature (i.e., 1000 °C), ZVI particles were found evenly distributed on the lignite matrix with the particles between 20 to 190 nm. Moreover, ZVI particles were protected by a graphene shell that was formed in situ during the carbonization. The synthesized ZVI-L1000 exhibited higher Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ stripping capacities than pristine lignite in a wide pH range of 2.2–6.3 due to the surface-deposited ZVI particles. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities of ZVI-L1000 for Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ were 38.3, 55.2 and 42.5 mg/g at 25 °C, respectively, which were 7.8, 4.5 and 10.6 times greater than that of pristine lignite, respectively. ZVI-L1000 also exhibited a fast metal removal speed (~15 min), which is ideal for industrial wastewater treatment. The pseudo-second-order model fits well with all three adsorptions, indicating that chemical forces control their rate-limiting adsorption steps. The reduction mechanisms of ZVI-L1000 for heavy metals include reduction, precipitation and complexation