124 research outputs found
Sympathetic and Autonomic Effects of Renal Denervation on Atrial Remodeling and Atrial Arrhythmias
Near-field imaging of surface-plasmon vortex-modes around a single elliptical nanohole in a gold film
We present scanning near-field images of surface plasmon modes around a
single elliptical nanohole in 88 nm thick Au film. We find that rotating
surface plasmon vortex modes carrying extrinsic orbital angular momentum can be
induced under linearly polarized illumination. The vortex modes are obtained
only when the incident polarization direction differs from one of the ellipse
axes. Such a direct observation of the vortex modes is possible thanks to the
ability of the SNOM technique to obtain information on both the amplitude and
the phase of the near field. The presence of the vortex mode is determined by
the rotational symmetry breaking of the system and it can be considered the
counterpart of the photonic spin Hall effect. Finite element method
calculations show that such a vorticity originates from the presence of nodal
points where the phase of the field is undefined, leading to a circulation of
the energy flow. The configuration producing vortex modes corresponds to a
nonzero total topological charge (+1)
Statistical analysis of the volcano seismicity during the 2007 crisis of Stromboli, Italy: a 3-day oscillatory signal as onset of the activity
We analyze the volcano seismicity recorded during the 2007 eruption of Stromboli. Data-set is composed of the continuous recordings of a three-component broad-band seismometer and of a strainmeter. Starting from the characterization of the standard activity as a stationary phase of equilibrium, we investigate the non-equilibrium phase of the effusive process.
A statistical analysis of the explosions reveals that the occurrence is always driven by a Poisson process as for the standard activity, even approaching the effusion phase, with the only difference in shortening the inter-times just during the effusion. A slightly different process can be advocated for the swarms of the explosions, because a maximum in the distribution of inter-times can be evidenced. Regarding the amplitudes of the explosion-quakes, they have a log-normal distribution until the effusion onset as in the standard Strombolian activity. The actual departure from that stationarity seems to be traced by an early deformative response at very long period. It appears as a transient oscillating signal characterized by a period of about three days that modulates the explosion amplitudes. In a conceptual organ pipe-like model it is related to the chocking of the pipe. The successive activity can be interpreted as the response of volcano to restore the equilibrium condition
Near-field spectroscopy of phase segregation in white-light-emitting blends based on low-mass molecules
We report on the direct observation of phase segregation occurring in thin-film blends of a thiophene monomer and an ammino compound, used in the fabrication of organic white-light-emitting diodes. In the homogeneous and uniform regions of the films, the interaction between the two molecular components gives rise to exciplex states responsible for a broad redshifted photoluminescence emission band, which disappears in the film zones where segregation occurs. This effect has been observed with submicrometer spatial resolution by means of local spectroscopic measurements performed in a scanning near-field optical microscope
Seismic Hazard Mapping inside the Project SIGMA
The Project SIGMA (Sistema Integrato di sensori in ambiente cloud per la Gestione Multirischio
Avanzata) arises from the fields of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) and advanced
applications for the control, monitoring and management of high-risk processes of natural and social origin.
SIGMA is a multilevel architecture whose main aim is the acquisition, integration and processing of
heterogeneous data from different sources (seismic, volcanic, meteorologic, hydric, pluvial, car traffic,
marine traffic, and so on) to manage and elaborate risk mitigation strategies which are important for the
emergency management planning. Within the several experimental activities included in the project, there is
the designing and realization of a prototype of application platform specialized to provide the operating
procedures and software to the public administrations and the industrial companies, for constantly
monitoring both the anthropic and natural phenomena in Sicily. In this framework, of course, the seismic risk
analysis plays a very important role since Sicily is one of the Italian regions with high seismic risk.
Seismic risk assessment may be approached in two different ways: i) as average seismic risk of the
buildings and facilities in question during the period considered, combining the vulnerability of different
building types and the seismic hazard for the site, which are then expressed in terms of the effects of the
events derived from an earthquake catalogue that exceed a specified threshold during a given period; ii) as
estimated damage of the buildings and the critical facilities using a scenario input described in terms of the
source parameters of the hypocenter as location, magnitude, and so on.
Here we deal with the hazard calculation through the code CRISIS (Ordaz, Aguilar and Arboleda) and
with the code PROSCEN (PRObabilistic SCENario, [Rotondi and Zonno, 2010]) to obtain earthquake
scenario to be used in the latter approach. Indeed, an earthquake scenario is a planning tool that helps
decision makers to visualize the specific impact of an earthquake based on the scientific knowledge. An
earthquake scenario creates a picture that the members of community can recognize and, at the same time,
improves the communication between the scientific, emergency management and policy communities to
seismic risk reduction
Exploiting the Condensation Reactions of Acetophenone to Engineer Carbon-Encapsulated Nb2O5 Nanocrystals for High-Performance Li and Na Energy Storage Systems
Efficient synthetic methods to produce highâperformance electrodeâactive materials are crucial for developing energy storage devices for largeâscale applications, such as hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs). Here, an effective approach to obtain controllable carbonâencapsulated TâNb2O5 nanocrystals (NCs) is presented, based on the solvothermal treatment of NbCl5 in acetophenone. Two separate condensation reactions of acetophenone generate an intimate and homogeneous mixture of Nb2O5 particles and 1,3,5âtriphenylbenzene (TPB), which acts as a unique carbon precursor. The electrochemical performance of the resulting composites as anode electrode materials can be tuned by varying the Nb2O5/TPB ratio. Remarkable performances are achieved for Liâion and Naâion energy storage systems at high chargeâdischarge rates (specific capacities of â90 mAh gâ1 at 100 C rate for lithium and â125 mAh gâ1 at 20 C for sodium). High energy and power densities are also achieved with Liâ and Naâion HSC devices constructed by using the Nb2O5/C composites as anode and activated carbon (YPFâ50) as cathode, demonstrating the excellent electrochemical properties of the materials synthesized with this approach.Peer Reviewe
High-Entropy Spinel Oxides Produced via Sol-Gel and Electrospinning and Their Evaluation as Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries
In the last few years, high-entropy oxides (HEOs), a new class of single-phase solid solution materials, have attracted growing interest in both academic research and industry for their great potential in a broad range of applications. This work investigates the possibility of producing pure single-phase HEOs with spinel structure (HESOs) under milder conditions (shorter heat treatments at lower temperatures) than standard solid-state techniques, thus reducing the environmental impact. For this purpose, a large set of HESOs was prepared via sol-gel and electrospinning (by using two different polymers). Ten different equimolar combinations of five metals were considered, and the influence of the synthesis method and conditions on the microstructure, morphology and crystalline phase purity of the produced HESOs was investigated by a combination of characterization techniques. On the other hand, the presence of specific metals, such as copper, lead to the formation of minority secondary phase(s). Finally, two representative pure single-phase HESOs were preliminarily evaluated as active anode materials in lithium-ion batteries and possible strategies to enhance their rate capability and cyclability were proposed and successfully implemented. The approaches introduced here can be extensively applied for the optimization of HEO properties targeting different applications.Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)Peer Reviewe
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