European Paediatric Formulation Initiative (EuPFI)-Formulating Ideas for Better Medicines for Children.

© American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists 2016, published by Springer US, available online at doi: https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-016-0584-1The European Paediatric Formulation Initiative (EuPFI), founded in 2007, aims to promote and facilitate the preparation of better and safe medicines for children through linking research and information dissemination. It brings together the capabilities of the industry, academics, hospitals, and regulators within a common platform in order to scope the solid understanding of the major issues, which will underpin the progress towards the future of paediatric medicines we want.The EuPFI was formed in parallel to the adoption of regulations within the EU and USA and has served as a community that drives research and dissemination through publications and the organisation of annual conferences. The membership and reach of this group have grown since its inception in 2007 and continue to develop and evolve to meet the continuing needs and ambitions of research into and development of age appropriate medicines. Five diverse workstreams (age-appropriate medicines, Biopharmaceutics, Administration Devices, Excipients and Taste Assessment & Taste Masking (TATM)) direct specific workpackages on behalf of the EuPFI. Furthermore, EuPFI interacts with multiple diverse professional groups across the globe to ensure efficient working in the area of paediatric medicines. Strong commitment and active involvement of all EuPFI stakeholders have proved to be vital to effectively address knowledge gaps related to paediatric medicines, discuss potential areas for further research and identify issues that need more attention and analysis in the future.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

ROLE OF PANCHAKARMAS IN TREATMENT OF TIMIR: MODE OF ACTION AND CONTRA-INDICATIONS

Drushti or vision is most important sense of human body. Any condition disturbing visual acuity is considered under the title of Timir in Ayurvedic literature. Different Shodhana and Shamana procedures are used in treatment of Timir. Panchakarma procedures consisting of Vaman, Virechana, Basti, Nasya and Raktamokshana are chiefly used for Shodhana of vitiated humor. But these procedures are associated with various side effects and contra-indication. Injudicious use of such procedures in diseases like Timir affecting visual acuity of subject may lead to worsening of disease. Hence, these procedures should be used cautiously during treatment of ocular diseases especially those impairing vision

ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIAL STRAINS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN RURAL MAHARASHTRA

Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the etiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients attending B.K.L. Walawalkar Hospital, Dervan and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity pattern to currently used antimicrobial agents.Methods:  A  cross-sectional  study  was  conducted  in  a  rural  hospital  of  Konkan  Maharashtra,  and  urine  samples  were  collected  from368 clinically - suspected cases of UTIs using the mid-stream clean catch†method and was tested and cultured using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was performed for the isolated pathogens according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Escherichia coli (54.84%) was the most prevalent uropathogen. 76.47% of the isolated E. coli were found to be extended spectrum beta lactamase producers. A higher prevalence rate of resistance was seen among E. coli to the commonly prescribed antibiotic agents. 32 (94.11%) of34 E. coli isolates recovered had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR), with 16 isolates (50%) possessing MAR indices of 0.6.Conclusion: The study indicates the isolated microorganisms in UTI showed very high resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs. This suggests the monitoring and rational use of the antimicrobial agents.Keywords: Mid-stream, Culture, Uropathogen, Resistance, Multiple antibiotic resistance

Brain Computer Interface based Robot Design for Physically Disabled Person

There are number of physically handicapped people. Some of them are using different technologies to move around. The proposed work implements a robot which is controlled using human brain attention.Here brain signals analyzes using electrode sensor that monitors the eye blinks and attention level. Brain wave sensor that detects these EEG signals is transmitting through Bluetooth medium. Level analyzer unit (LAU) i.e. computer system will receive the raw signals and process using MATLAB platform. According to human attention level robot will move. ARM controller is used to design robot

Local magnetism of isolated Mo atoms at substitutional and interstitial sites in Yb metal : Experiment and Theory

Using TDPAD experiment and local spin density calculations, we have observed large 4d moments on isolated Mo atoms at substitutional and octahedral interstitial lattice sites in Yb metal, showing Curie-Weiss local susceptibility and Korringa like spin relaxation rate. As a surprising feature, despite strong hybridization with the Yb neighbours, interstitial Mo atoms show high moment stability with small Kondo temperature. While, magnetism of Mo, at substitutional site is consistent with Kondo type antiferromagnetic d-sp exchange interaction, we suggest that moment stability at the interstitial site is strongly influenced by ferromagnetic polarization of Yb-4f5d band electrons.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Toxicological studies on Helicoverpa armigera in pigeonpea growing in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, India

Insecticide resistance level in pigeonpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) to technical grade insecticides collected from major pigeonpea growing districts of Vidarbha viz., Akola, Amravati, Buldhana, Yavatmal and Washim was worked out. LDP indicated LD50 of Cypermethrin in the range of 1.402 to 9.209 ppm with maximum in Yavatmal (9.209 ppm); LD90 within range of 6.021 to 18.427 ppm. LD50 of Quinalphos in the range of 1.303 to 4.789 ppm with maximum in Yavatmal (4.789 ppm); LD90 within range of 3.150 to 14.194 ppm.LD50 of Methomyl in the range of 1.297 to 3.792 ppm with maximum in Yavatmal (3.792 ppm); LD90 within range of 4.993 to 16.737 ppm.LD50 of Indoxacarb in the range of 0.521 to 2.709 ppm with maximum in Yavatmal (2.709 ppm); LD90 within range of 2.819 to 20.947 ppm.LD50 of Spinosad in the range of 0.713 to 2.408 ppm with maximum in Buldhana (2.408 ppm); LD90 within range of 6.413 to 18.349 ppm. The resistance level is visibly high in cypermethrin, moderate to indoxacarb, quinalphos, spinosad and low to methomyl; Yavatmal and Washim strains expressed higher resistance level to cypermethrin, quinalphos and methomyl, whereas Yavatmal and Buldhana strains expressed higher resistance level to indoxacarb and spinosad. The investigation will help to track resistence level in Helicoverpa armigera to different groups of insecticides

Electronic structure of spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic systems: Ba_2Cu(PO_4)_2 and Sr_2Cu(PO_4)_2

We have employed first principles calculations to study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the low-dimensional phosphates, Ba2Cu(PO4)2 and Sr2Cu(PO4)2. Using the self-consistent tight-binding lin- earized muffin-tin orbital method and the Nth order muffin-tin orbital method, we have calculated the various intrachain as well as the interchain hopping parameters between the magnetic ions Cu2+ for both the com- pounds. We find that the nearest-neighbor intrachain hopping t is the dominant interaction suggesting the compounds to be indeed one dimensional. Our analysis of the band dispersion, orbital projected band struc- tures, and the hopping parameters confirms that the Cu2+-Cu2+ super-super exchange interaction takes place along the crystallographic b direction mediated by O-P-O. We have also analyzed in detail the origin of short-range exchange interaction for these systems. Our ab initio estimate of the ratio of the exchange inter- action of Sr2Cu(PO4)2 to that of Ba2Cu(PO4)2 compares excellently with available experimental results.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure