Development of Waqf Forest in Indonesia: The SWOT-ANP Analysis of Bogor Waqf Forest Program by Bogor Waqf Forest Foundation

Some communities and governments in Indonesia have taken the initiative to develop waqf forests to solve forest conservation problems. However, research on waqf forest development is still rarely studied. This study aims to improve the strategy of waqf forest development in Indonesia. SWOT method is used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and the possible development strategies of the Bogor Waqf Forest as a manager of Waqf Forest. The ANP method prioritizes these four aspects and the best strategy in developing the waqf forest. An aggressive strategy needs to be carried out by optimizing the existing legal organization and the well-educated human resources to inform the public about the waqf concept in Islam and its application in the waqf forest. Thus, the vast potential of cash waqf and waqif can be obtained. This paper is one of the pioneering articles that discuss waqf forest development strategies, especially in Indonesia. From this research, we recommend the Bogor Waqf Forest to resolve the legal aspects as an official waqf manager, and the government and Indonesian Ulema Council to issue regulation and fatwa regarding waqf forest

Organizational Culture and Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Manufacturing Companies in Bahrain

This study examines the effects of the four types of organizational culture (clan culture, adhocracy culture, market culture, and hierarchy culture) on the sustainable competitive advantage in small, medium and large-sized manufacturing companies in Bahrain. A cross-sectional survey was utilized in this study using a self-administered questionnaire to collect the data. The total number of usable questionnaires were 159 with a response rate of 75.4%. The results indicated that the three types of organizational culture - adhocracy culture, market culture, and hierarchy culture - have significant and positive effects on sustainable competitive advantage. However, the results showed that there is no definite effect regarding clan culture on sustainable competitive advantage in all types of manufacturing companies

Waqf Forest: How Waqf Can Play a Role In Forest Preservation and SDGs Achievement?

Previous studies about waqf for forest conservation mostly concentrated on its potential or its prospect for forest preservation or environmental protection. In contrast, a detailed discussion about how to establish a waqf forest to support the SDGs is still noticeably absent. This paper aims to formulate a scheme of productive waqf forests that can help the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To our knowledge, this is the first paper that provides a scheme of productive waqf-based forest. The present study was conducted using a literature study method and interpretative analysis. The result shows that a productive waqf forest should supply not only intangible benefits but also generate tangible benefits that can be used for the waqf forest development. Both benefits which support some main points of SDGs, such as in reducing poverty and hunger, maintaining climate, health, biodiversity, and water supply, are mainly delivered to the mauquf’alaihi.JEL Classification: D64, G23, Q01, Q23, Z12.How to Cite:Ali, K. M., & Kassim, S. (2020). Waqf Forest: How Waqf Can Play a Role In Forest Preservation and SDGs Achievement?. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(2), 349-364. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i2.16310

The Moderating Effect of Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Strategic Human Resource Practices and Stainable Competitive Advantage in Bahrain

The purpose of this study is to identify the moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between strategic HR practices and sustainable competitive advantage in the manufacturing sector in Bahrain. This study was mainly underpinned by the resource-based view (RBV). To achieve the study’s objectives, 211 questionnaires were distributed in the form of a self-administrated survey. Overall, a total of one hundred fifty-nine (159) completed questionnaires were usable, indicating a response rate of 75.4 percent. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied using SPSS and SmartPLS to carry out the data analysis. The result indicated that clan culture and market culture negatively moderate the relationship between strategic HR practices and sustainable competitive advantage. However, adhocracy culture and hierarchy culture do not moderate this relationship. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by conceptualizing a research framework, which reflects the moderating role of four types of organizational culture on the relationship between strategic HR practices and sustainable competitive advantage. This study offers valuable recommendations for the consideration of practitioners as key tools to support the manufacturing sector in Bahrain when it comes to facing the decline in oil production, and the need to maintain the sustainability of all sub-manufacturing sectors

Long memory properties and asymmetric effects of emerging equity market: evidence from Malaysia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the long memory property of equity returns and volatility of emerging equity market by focusing on the Malaysian equity market, namely the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts the Fractionally Integrated GARCH (FIGARCH) model and Fractionally Integrated Asymmetric Power ARCH (FIAPARCH), focusing on the Malaysian data covering the period from April 15, 2004 to April 30, 2007. Findings – The study finds evidence of long memory property as well as asymmetric effects in the volatility of the KLSE. The traditional ARCH/GARCH is shown to be insufficient in modeling the volatility persistence. The FIAPARCH specification outperforms the FIGARCH model by capturing both asymmetry effects and long memory in the conditional variance. Research limitations/implications – The results of this study have practical implications for the investors intending to invest in the emerging markets such as Malaysia. Understanding volatility and developing the appropriate models are important since volatility can be a measure of risk which is highly relevant in forecasting the conditional volatility of returns for portfolio selection, asset pricing, and value at risk, option pricing and hedging strategies. Originality/value – This study contributes in providing the empirical evidence on the long memory property of equity returns and volatility of an emerging equity market with reliable estimation models, which is currently lacking, particularly for emerging markets

Sources of macroeconomic fluctuations in Malaysia: an empirical test of the Keynesian model

Identifying the sources of macroeconomic fluctuations is critical to formulating macroeconomic policies. This paper investigates the sources of macroeconomic fluctuations in Malaysia based on the traditional Keynesian framework, using both the standard VAR and structural VAR methods. The joint behavior of the key macroeconomic variables in Malaysia is shown to be consistent with the dynamic transmission of demand and supply shocks through the mechanisms described in the Keynesian model. Positive supply shocks increase output while negative supply shocks contract output and increase price level. Money supply shocks stimulate output and increase the price level. These results are further supported by a variance decomposition analysi

Enhancing The Role of Zakat and Waqf on Social Forestry Program in Indonesia

Abstract: This research aims to initiate the integration model of zakat-waqf with Social Forestry Program. The study is a conceptual paper and qualitative using secondary data and descriptively analyzed. It reviews several existing models related to Zakat and Waqf's role in financing the agriculture and forestry sectors to formulating a novel model for poverty alleviation from communities in and around forests expected to reduce forest destructions in Indonesia. The study concluded that zakat-waqf could finance the Social Forestry program to overcome poverty, inequality and increase the welfare of people living in and around forests. It will provide economic and ecological benefits, especially in reducing forest damage. This research can encourage other researchers to explore the potential of zakat-waqf for financing forestry sectors.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginisasi model integrasi zakat dan wakaf dengan program Perhutanan Sosial. Penelitian adalah riset konseptual yang menggunakan data sekunder dan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini mengulas beberapa model eksisting mengenai peran zakat dan wakaf dalam membiayai sektor pertanian dan kehutanan untuk menyusun formula baru yang diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi kemiskinan masyarakat di dalam dan sekitar hutan, yang kemudian diharapkan menurunkan tingkat kebakaran dan kerusakan hutan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zakat dan wakaf dapat menjadi sumber pembiayaan program Perhutanan Sosial untuk mengatasi kemiskinan, kesenjangan, dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di dalam dan sekitar hutan. Program ini dapat memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan ekologi, spesifiknya untuk mengurangi kerusakan hutan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendorong peneliti-peneliti lain untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut mengenai potensi zakat dan wakaf untuk membiayai sektor kehutanan

The information content of the Islamic interbank money market rate in Malaysia

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the information content of the Islamic interbank money market rate (IIMMR), with respect to several macroeconomic indicators such as output, inflation, exports, imports, bank loans and stock market index, and compare it against that of the conventional interbank money market rate using the Malaysian data

Ciri-ciri senibina landskap sekolah di Lembah Klang-Langat

Di samping menambah keindahan persekitaran, dengan reka bentuk berkonsep dan ciri tertentu landskap sekolah seharusnya boleh berfungsi membantu proses pembelajaran dan pendidikan. Ciri-ciri landskap sekolah di Malaysia masa kini masih belum menggambarkan prinsip asas falsafah pendidikan negara. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi cirri dan mengenal pasti konsep landskap sekolah di Lembah Klang-Langat. Bagi tujuan itu kajian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikutip melalui cerapan di lapangan menggunakan kaedah senarai semak terhadap 104 buah sekolah di Lembah Klang-Langat yang dipilih secara rawak berstrata; dan data sekunder yang diperoleh daripada pelbagai agensi berkaitan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan 44.6% landskap sekolah di wilayah ini cenderung berkonsepkan landskap buatan, khususnya sekolah di bandar. Konsep landskap lain yang popular termasuklah English dan Nusantara. Dari segi tipologi 89.4% merupakan landskap tradisional. Rata-rata landskap sekolah dihiasi dengan komponen kejur seperti tangga taman, pasu bunga, papan tanda, perabut taman, mural dan gazebo. Pokok peneduh, renek, penutup bumi, rumput, pokok buah-buahan dan herba merupakan komponen lembut yang popular. Kolam ikan dan pancuran pula adalah komponen buatan yang sering ditemui. Elemen fasiliti yang popular pula termasuklah pondok pengawal, tong sampah, laluan pejalan kaki, petak letak kereta dan but telefon. Komponen fauna yang popular pula meliputi burung dan rama-rama. Sedangkan komponen flora yang utama meliputi bunga kertas bagi spesies pokok renek, pandan wangi bagi spesies herba dan rumput kerbau bagi spesies penutup bumi. Penilaian dari segi estetika menunjukkan majoriti landskap sekolah yang dicerap hanya pada tahap sederhana menarik sahaja. Keseluruhan hasil kajian ini cenderung untuk menunjukkan bahawa landskap sekolah di Lembah Klang-Langat belum dimajukan sehingga dapat berfungsi menyokong proses pembelajaran

Perception of school students, teachers and parents towards the importance of landscape.

There are differing perceptions towards landscape among school students, teachers and parents. Their perceptions are influenced by the types of landscapes, functions of the landscapes and schools’ achievements among others