Barriers to Physical Activity Participation Among University Students in Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to determine the level of physical activity and the effect factors that prevent university male and female students from participating in physical activities. Six hundred and eight students from the University of Hafr Al Batin in Saudi Arabia participated in the study. Male students were 263, and female students were 345 from four university branches. The participants were between 18 – 24 years of age. The measurement instrument included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) and the Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ). The results of this study indicated that approximately 33% of participants had low physical activity, 42% of college students had moderate physical activity, and 25% had high physical activity. In general, female university students had greater barriers to being physically active than male university students. In addition, barriers to being physically active for students with low physical activity were significantly higher than for those with moderate and high physical activity. Also, female students had more barriers to being physically active than male students in four barrier categories that were lack of resources, social influence, lack of willpower, and lack of skill. Finally, university students who participate in physical activity after college had less barriers to being physically active than students who did not participate in physical activity. In conclusion, understanding the barriers that prevent to be physically active helps consider and solve them in order to reach the WHOs recommendation for physical activity

High-Resolution Imaging and Optical Control of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Atom Chip Magnetic Trap

A high-resolution projection and imaging system for ultracold atoms is implemented using a compound silicon and glass atom chip. The atom chip is metalized to enable magnetic trapping while glass regions enable high numerical aperture optical access to atoms residing in the magnetic trap about 100 microns below the chip surface. The atom chip serves as a wall of the vacuum system, which enables the use of commercial microscope components for projection and imaging. Holographically generated light patterns are used to optically slice a cigar-shaped magnetic trap into separate regions; this has been used to simultaneously generate up to four Bose-condensates. Using fluorescence techniques we have demonstrated in-trap imaging resolution down to 2.5 micronsComment: 4 pages, 5 figures, 12 reference

A soft hierarchical algorithm for the clustering of multiple bioactive chemical compounds

Most of the clustering methods used in the clustering of chemical structures such as Wards, Group Average, K- means and Jarvis-Patrick, are known as hard or crisp as they partition a dataset into strictly disjoint subsets; and thus are not suitable for the clustering of chemical structures exhibiting more than one activity. Although, fuzzy clustering algorithms such as fuzzy c-means provides an inherent mechanism for the clustering of overlapping structures (objects) but this potential of the fuzzy methods which comes from its fuzzy membership functions have not been utilized effectively. In this work a fuzzy hierarchical algorithm is developed which provides a mechanism not only to benefit from the fuzzy clustering process but also to get advantage of the multiple membership function of the fuzzy clustering. The algorithm divides each and every cluster, if its size is larger than a pre-determined threshold, into two sub clusters based on the membership values of each structure. A structure is assigned to one or both the clusters if its membership value is very high or very similar respectively. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated on two bench mark datasets and a large dataset of compound structures derived from MDL MDDR database. The results of the algorithm show significant improvement in comparison to a similar implementation of the hard c-means algorithm

Integrating Preventive Maintenance Scheduling as Probability Machine Failure and Batch Production Scheduling

This paper discusses integrated model of batch production scheduling and machine maintenance scheduling. Batch production scheduling uses minimize total actual flow time criteria and machine maintenance scheduling uses the probability of machine failure based on Weibull distribution. The model assumed no nonconforming parts in a planning horizon. The model shows an increase in the number of the batch (length of production run) up to a certain limit will minimize the total actual flow time. Meanwhile, an increase in the length of production run will implicate an increase in the number of PM. An example was given to show how the model and algorithm work

Pembangunan Bitung sebagai Pelabuhan Hub Internasional

Tulisan ini mengkaji kelayakan Pelabuhan Bitung, Sulawesi Utara sebagai pelabuhan hub Internasional. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis dengan melihat posisi strategissecara geografis, indikator kelayakan secara fisik/alam, kelayakan ekonomis dan kemungkinan pengembangan pelabuhan Bitung. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa Pelabuhan Bitung layak secara fisik/alami dan secara ekonomi/efisien secara ekonomi untuk dijadikan pelabuhan hub Internasional. Konektivitas dan jaringan transportasi,khususnya konektivitas laut harus dikembangkan dengan dukungan pengembangan industri dan infrastruktur didaerah sekitar di Kawasan Timur Indonesia

Daya Saing Tembakau Virginia Lokal: Analisis Rantai Nilai

Tembakau Virginia merupakan bahan baku utama industri rokok Indonesia terutama digunakan untuk pembuatan rokok sigaret putih. Meningkatnya impor tembakau Virginia secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap produksi tembakau sejenis di dalam negeri. Studi ini mengkaji kemampuan daya saing tembakau Virginia local dengan menggunakan analisis rantai nilai (value chain). Metode Value Chain Analysis (VCA) digunakan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan yang ada dalam rantai nilai. Data yang dipakai adalah data dari penelitian yang dilakukan di dua daerah yaitu Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) dam Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). Produksi dalam negeri belum bisa memasok sepenuhnya kebutuhan industri rokok dalam negeri, karena terbatasnya jumlah produksi, rendahnya kualitas tembakau yang dihasilkannya dan kontinyuitas pasokan tembakau. Rantai distribusi yang panjang menyebabkan harga yang tidak kompetitif dan kualiatas yang menurun, sehingga daya saingnya lebih rendah. Kebijakan intensifikasi lahan merupakan pilihan yang harus ditempuh daerah penghasil tembakau dengan terus meningkatkan kualitas tembakau yang dihasilkannya, sehingga produksi dan produktivitasnya meningkat untuk memenuhi pasokan tembakau virginia di dalam negeri

A Compact Microchip-Based Atomic Clock Based on Ultracold Trapped Rb Atoms

We propose a compact atomic clock based on ultracold Rb atoms that are magnetically trapped near the surface of an atom microchip. An interrogation scheme that combines electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) with Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields can achieve atomic shot-noise level performance of 10^{-13}/sqrt(tau) for 10^6 atoms. The EIT signal can be detected with a heterodyne technique that provides noiseless gain; with this technique the optical phase shift of a 100 pW probe beam can be detected at the photon shot-noise level. Numerical calculations of the density matrix equations are used to identify realistic operating parameters at which AC Stark shifts are eliminated. By considering fluctuations in these parameters, we estimate that AC Stark shifts can be canceled to a level better than 2*10^{-14}. An overview of the apparatus is presented with estimates of duty cycle and power consumption.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 table

Dynamic mechanical analysis of Dwimatrix Biopolymer from waste oil blended with thermoplastic; LDPE/HDPE

This paper presents results from an experimental study on the dynamic mechanical and viscoelastic properties of Biopolymer (BP) from Waste vegetable oils (WVO) blended with two types of thermoplastic polyethylene (PE) which are Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). BP blended containing 10–30wt.% of BP were injection moulded. MDI were used as crosslinker agent for modifying the matrices. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the blended were performed over a temperature range of 30–120°C for BL and 30-140°C for BH under frequency of 1 Hz. DMA revealed no noticeable changes in a-transition temperature when the BP content was increased or were added. The BP blended revealed better temperature resistance at higher BP content. However, the increase in storage modulus was negligible at BL10 and BH20; due to the agglomeration of the BP. The results of the damping ratio analysis revealed that higher interfacial bonding was achieved by addition of MDI crosslinker agent