New intelligent heuristic algorithm to mitigate security vulnerabilities in IPv6

Zero day Cyber-attacks created potential impacts on the way information is held and protected, however one of the vital priorities for governments, agencies and organizations is to secure their network businesses, transactions and communications, simultaneously to avoid security policy and privacy violations under any circumstances. Covert Channel is used to in/ex-filtrate classified data secretly, whereas encryption is used merely to protect communication from being decoded by unauthorized access. In this paper, we propose a new Security Model to mitigate security attacks on legitimate targets misusing IPv6 vulnerabilities. The approach analyses, detects and classifies hidden communication channels through implementing an enhanced feature selection algorithm with a coherent Naive Bayesian Classifier. NBC is one of the most prominent classification algorithm defining the highest probability in data mining area. The proposed framework uses Intelligent Heuristic Algorithm (IHA) to analyse and create a novel primary training data, furthermore a modified Decision Tree C4.5 technique is suggested to classify the richest attribute presenting hidden channels in IPv6 network. The results evaluation showed better detection performance, high accuracy in True Positive Rate (TPR) and a low False Negative Rate (FNR) and a clear attribute ranking

Implementation of hybrid artificial intelligence technique to detect covert channels in new generation network protocol IPv6

Intrusion detection systems offer monolithic way to detect attacks through monitoring, searching for abnormal characteristics and malicious behavior in network communications. Cyber-attack is performed through using covert channel which currently, is one of the most sophisticated challenges facing network security systems. Covert channel is used to ex/infiltrate classified information from legitimate targets, consequently, this manipulation violates network security policy and privacy. The New Generation Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) has certain security vulnerabilities and need to be addressed using further advanced techniques. Fuzzy rule is implemented to classify different network attacks as an advanced machine learning technique, meanwhile, Genetic algorithm is considered as an optimization technique to obtain the ideal fuzzy rule. This paper suggests a novel hybrid covert channel detection system implementing two Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques; Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm (FLGA) to gain sufficient and optimal detection rule against covert channel. Our approach counters sophisticated network unknown attacks through an advanced analysis of deep packet inspection. Results of our suggested system offer high detection rate of 97.7% and a better performance in comparison to previous tested techniques

Numerical Investigation of Ohmic Heating in Channel Flow

Heat generation by direct electric conduction (ohmic heating) in a fully developed channel flow was studied to evaluate interaction between the hydrodynamic, electric and the thermal phenomena involved under the effect of natural convection. The equations governing the system were solved numerically by CFD finite volume code (FLUENT6.1 software package). The velocity profiles accelerate more near the wall than at the center that makes the temperature distribution uniform in the channel span. The numerical model is validated with an earlier experimental study [El Moctar et all. 1996] and yielded good agreement

h-deformation of Gr(2)

The $h$-deformation of functions on the Grassmann matrix group $Gr(2)$ is presented via a contraction of $Gr_q(2)$. As an interesting point, we have seen that, in the case of the $h$-deformation, both R-matrices of $GL_h(2)$ and $Gr_h(2)$ are the same

Optimal multi-period consumption and investment with short-sale constraints

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This article examines agents’ consumption-investment problem in a multi-period pure exchange economy where agents are constrained with the short-sale of state-dependent risky contingent claims. In equilibrum, agents hold options written on aggregate consumption in their optimal portfolios. Furthermore, under the specific case of quadratic utility, the optimal risk-sharing rule derived for the pricing agent leads to a multifactor conditional consumption-based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM), where excess option returns appear as factors. 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Ruminal Fermentation Kinetics of Moringa and Peltiphyllum Supplements During Early Incubation Period in the in Vitro Reading Pressure Technique

This experiment was aimed to observe rumen fermentation kinetics of alternative supplements, i.e.Moringa oleifera and Peltiphyllum peltatum leaves added to maize silage diet as compared to aconventional supplement (barley-soya). A total of six treatments were investigated in the present study,which consisted of: maize silage (A), M. oleifera (B), P. peltatum (C), maize silage + concentrate (56:44,w/w; D), maize silage + M. oleifera (56:44, w/w; E), and maize silage + concentrate + P. peltatum(47:37:16, w/w/w; F). The feeds were incubated in vitro in three replicates (completely randomized)using the Reading Pressure Technique system. Approximately 800 mg of the feeds were mixed by 75 mlof buffered rumen liquor. The incubation was carried out up to 12 h in bottles and gas pressure wasrecorded and released in regular intervals. Repeated sampling was conducted for analysis offermentation products at 1, 6 and 12 h of incubation period. The results showed that the nutritionalquality of Moringa and its fermentation pattern was comparable to that of barley-soya concentrate. PlainMoringa incubation resulted the highest production of iso-SCFA and soluble protein concentrationamong all treatments after 12 h incubation (P<0.05). Incubation of sole Peltiphyllum peltatum highlyhampered the fermentation rate. Production of iso-SCFA both for plain Peltiphyllum and its mixturewere comparatively low. Supplementation of Peltiphyllum increased significantly soluble proteinconcentration during 12 h incubation (P<0.05). Peltiphyllum also had a very low C2+C4/C3 ratiocompared to other treatments. It could be concluded that Moringa oleifera is a potential alternativesupplement to replace either partially or completely concentrate as a conventional supplement, andPeltiphyllum peltatum supplementation could reduce excessive protein degradation and fermentation ofthe concentrate in the rumen

A serological study of brucellosis in camels south of Kirkuk, Iraq

A study of the prevalence of antibodies to camel brucellosis has been carried out in the south of Kirkuk city during March 2011. A total of 66 camels (6 male, 60 female) involved in this study with age between 6 months to 22 years. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein and the sera samples were screened by using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). The sera that were positive by using RBPT have been tested again by using the 2-Mercaptoethanol (2ME) test. The results of this study revealed that two camels from 66 camels (3.03%) were seropositive for brucella antibodies in South of Kirkuk city

Extraction and Characterization of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Essential Oil and its Assessment as Antioxidant and Antibacterial

ABSTRACT &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The aim of this study is to extract and characterize peppermint essential oil and assess it as antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The extraction processes, chemical composition, total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant and antibacterial activity were studied. The oil was extracted by three methods: steam distillation, solvent and soxhelet.&nbsp; The results indicated that the highest oil extraction was obtained by soxhelet method 1.5±0.12 and 1.2±0.12 ml/100 gm and the lowest result recorded by steam distillation 1.1±0.09 and 0.9±0.14 ml/100gm from fresh and dry samples, respectively. The chemical composition of fresh and dry sample were determined by using gas chromatography and the results showed that there were 26 components of volatile compounds were identified in the essential oil isolated from peppermint. The antibacterial potential of mint essential oils was evaluated by Muller Hinton agar well diffusion method against selected bacteria. The essential oils showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella 19±1.41 and 16.5±2.12 mm, respectively, for fresh sample and showed lower activity against Escherichia coli and Klebsilla pneumonia 8.5±0.70 mm and nil, respectively, for dry sample. The TPC of fresh and dry samples were 14.00±0.12 and 8.80±0.09 mg /kg, respectively. TFC of the mint essential oil was determined in comparison with rutin were 8.1±0.09 and 5.0±0.07mg/kg, for fresh and dry sample, respectively. The results showed decrease in peroxide value at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min compared with blank sample without essential oil for wet and dry mint. DPPH inhibition percentages were recorded and inhibition concentrations at 50% activity (IC50) were 0.651±0.09, 0.683±0.6 and 0.161±0.07 mg/mL for wet, dry samples and standard respectively. It can be recommended that further study on sensory analysis of food products containing mint essential oil to evaluate its acceptability and shelf life.