Oral Health Status and Anthropometric Conditions among HIV Infected Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy in Mozambique

Background: Malnutrition and weight loss are important characteristics in HIV/AIDS patients.The association between this type of pathology and oral health in HIV/AIDS patients maintains unclear in the literature.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status and anthropometric conditions in adolescentstreated and non-treated with HIV infection in Maputo-MZ.Design: Cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the Maputo city, Mozambique in 2012.Methods: The random sample was composed of 143 adolescents from 15-19 years of age,attended to at the Medical Center Hospital and Pediatric Unit of Maputo Hospital. The adolescents were divided into two groups: HIV Group (HIVG)-adolescents with AIDS; Control Group (CG)-adolescents without HIV infection. The oral health conditions were collected by means of the DMFT index, the community periodontal index (CPI) and soft tissue, according to the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), by a calibrated researcher. Student’s t-Test and Spearman correlation were used for statistical analysis (p&lt;0.05).Results: The HIV group presented a higher degree ofdental caries (OR= 5.902; 95%CI=2.859-12.188; p=0.000), a trend to lessperiodontal diseases(OR=1.318; 95%CI=0.662-2.624; p=0.540),higheralterations in the soft tissue (OR=0.216; 95%CI=0.057-0.811; p=0.030) and higher normal BMI (OR=0.498; 95%CI=0.252-0.987; p=0.066) than the CG group.Conclusion: HIV/AIDS patients are at major risk for dental caries or alterations of soft tissue and minor risk for periodontal diseases, even when on antiretroviral therapy.</p

Distribution and prevalence of dental caries in Bauru, Brazil, 1976-2006

Aims: To compare caries prevalence and severity, as well as the disease distribution in the permanent dentition of 12-year-old schoolchildren in Bauru, Brazil, from 1976 to 2006. Methods: Probabilistic samples were obtained in six surveys, from 1976 to 2006, which were conducted by calibrated examiners, following the same protocol. For data analysis, the DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth), Significant Caries Index (SiC Index), percentage of caries-free children, Gini Coefficient and Care Index were determined. Results: The means (SD) for DMFT were 9.89(3.96), 6.98(3.80),4.30(3.11), 4.29(3.44),1.53(2.07), and 0.90(1.53) in 1976, 1984, 1990, 1995, 2001 and 2006, respectively. Except for years 1990 and 1995 and also for 2001 and 2006, there were statistically significant differences in mean DMFT among the surveys (p < 0.05). The number of caries-free children (DMFT=0), which has significantly increased over the years (p < 0.001), ranged from 0.4% in 1976 to 63.8% in 2006. The SiC Indexes were 14.34, 11.42, 7.74, 8.06, 3.89, and 2.63; the Care Index were 31.9%, 57.4%, 68.7%, 50.5%, 66.4%, and 56.3%; and the Gini Coefficients were 0.23, 0.30, 0.39, 0.43, 0.66, and 0.76 in the surveys. Conclusion: Dental caries experience and prevalence in 12-year-old schoolchildren have declined significantly during the last 30 years in Bauru.582758