Evaluation of a dual-T-type converter supplying an open-end winding induction machine

The multilevel inverter is a promising technology compared to two-level inverters in the applications of ac-drives and smart-grid applications. In this paper, a dual-T-type three-level inverters is used to drive an open-end winding induction machine. The Space-Vector Pulse-Width Modulation is selected as a good-performing control strategy to control the dual-inverter. Furthermore, an optimized method is used to select the proper switching state for the new configuration to decrease the converter losses. A comparison between the proposed configuration and the conventional diode clamped converter is made. The proposed drive system is designed and modelled by using Matlab/Simulink. It is shown that the converter can give the same hexagon, wave forms and harmonic spectrum of the five level converter. An optimized switching state selection is used to reduce the converter losses. The advantages and drawbacks of the dual-T-type configuration are discussed. In addition, the harmonic analysis and the loss calculations of the dual-T-type converter are provided and compared to the T-type three-level converter and the conventional five-level diode-clamped-converter

Role of CD10 Marker in Differentiating Malignant Thyroid Neoplasms from Benign Thyroid Lesions (Immunohistochemical & Histopathological Study)

BACKGROUND: CD10 was initially recognised as a cell–surface antigen expressed by acute lymphoblastic leukaemias, and hence it’s early designation as Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). Also, it has been proven to be reactive in various non-lymphoid cells and tissue and different types of neoplasms. AIM: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CD10 in malignant thyroid neoplasms and different benign lesions and to assess whether CD10 can be used as a malignancy marker in thyroid pathology or not. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 83 archived, formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks of 83 cases of malignant thyroid neoplasms and different benign lesions. The samples were immunohistochemically analysed for CD10 expression. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: CD10 was expressed in 91% of the studied malignant thyroid neoplasms and 58% of benign thyroid lesions. It was expressed in 26 of 28 (92.9%) conventional papillary carcinomas, ten of 10 (100%) follicular variants of papillary carcinoma, seven of nine (77.8%) minimally invasive follicular carcinomas, two of three (66.7%) widely invasive follicular carcinomas, and seven of 7 (100%) undifferentiated carcinomas, seven of 11 (66.7%) adenomatous nodules and eight of 15 (53.3%) follicular adenomas. No statistically significant correlations were detected between CD10 expression and patients’ age, sex, lymph node metastasis, tumour stage and capsular invasion. CONCLUSION: CD10 shows strong sensitivity (91.2%) and moderate specificity (42.3%) in the diagnosis of malignancy overall and shows strong sensitivity (86.4%) and moderate specificity (42.3%) in the diagnosis of malignancy in the follicular-patterned lesions. So, CD10 might be useful in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid lesions (good positive test) and in the diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma

Management Dilemma of an Infertile Patient with More Than 20 Submucous Fibroids

Background: Submucous fibroids can lead to menorrhgia, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and obstetric complications. The management of multiple submucous fibroids in patients who would like to preserve their reproductive function can be a challenge. The aim of this report is to discuss the management dilemma of a patient who presented with multiple (more than 20) submucous fibroids. Case: The patient was a 33-year-old Caucasian woman who had an initial complaint of menometrorrhagia and secondary infertility, which led to a diagnostic hysteroscopy. Multiple submucosal fibroids were noted; no other etiology for infertility was identified. She subsequently underwent hysteroscopic resection of several fibroids. Postoperative hyterosalpingogram demonstrated intrauterine scarring, unilateral tubal blockage, and several remaining fibroids. She did, however, conceive with intrauterine insemination. Unfortunately, this pregnancy ended in an early spontaneous abortion of twins. After being counseled on her options, including the possibility of needing a surrogate uterus, she elected to have an abdominal resection of the remaining fibroids. During this procedure, several steps were taken to restore the uterine cavity to a normal shape. After allowing her uterus to heal, she achieved pregnancy through in vitro fertilization. At 29 weeks of gestation, she had preterm premature rupture of membranes and, subsequently, had a cesarean section at 34 weeks of gestation. She had a viable 6 pound 1 ounce baby boy. At the time of her cesarean section, only one submucosal fibroid was identified. Conclusion: We present a unique case of multiple sub-mucous fibroids that failed hysteroscopic management and were subsequently treated successfully with hysterotomy, myomectomy, and uterine reconstructive surgery. Based on our experience with this case, we recommend hysterotomy and myomectomy for management of multiple sub-mucous fibroids from the outset. (J GYNECOL SURG 31:274)Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140098/1/gyn.2014.0123.pd

Ontological Engineering For Source Code Generation

Source Code Generation (SCG) is the sub-domain of the Automatic Programming (AP) that helps programmers to program using high-level abstraction. Recently, many researchers investigated many techniques to access SCG. The problem is to use the appropriate technique to generate the source code due to its purposes and the inputs. This paper introduces a review and an analysis related SCG techniques. Moreover, comparisons are presented for: techniques mapping, Natural Language Processing (NLP), knowledge base, ontology, Specification Configuration Template (SCT) model and deep learnin

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep-fed peanut hulls treated with Trichoderma viride or urea

This study aimed to assess impacts of fungal treatment on the nutritional value of peanut hulls (PH) or urea at the rate of 5 kg/100 g of PH. Fermented sugar beet pulp inoculated with Trichoderma viride was supplemented to PH at rates of 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 g/100 g air dry of PH andmixed well before aerobic incubation for 21 days. Organic matter (OM) content of PH declined with increased levels of fermented sugar beet pulp inoculums, while crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and ash increased. Fiber contents were decreased with both treatments of fermented sugar beet pulp and urea. Total N of PH increased with urea treatment, which reduced the true protein N to total protein N ratio. In sacco degradabilities of dry matter (DM), OM, and CP with urea treatment increased compared with fungal treatment. The DM intake of peanut hulls treated with fungus (PHF) was higher (P <0.05) than with peanut hulls treated with urea (PHU). Digestibility of OM, CP, neutral detergent fiber, and non-fiber carbohydrate by native breed Ossimi sheep with PH were higher (P <0.05) than with PH or urea treated PH. The intakes, losses, and balance of N increased (P <0.01) with PHF versus PH feeding. Feeding PHF increased (P <0.01) ruminal concentrations ofNH3-N, acetic acid, butyric acid, and the acetic to propionic acid ratio. Bacterial and protozoal counts increased (P <0.05) with feeding PHF or PHU versus PH. Overall, this fungal treatment of peanut hulls created a higher nutritive value feed for ruminants

Influence of Age on Postoperative Neurological Outcomes after Surgery of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

BackgroundAcute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) is considered a fatal disease which requires an emergent surgical intervention. This study focuses onthe neurological outcome after surgical repair in cases of AAAD in comparison between elderly and young patients.Methodsa retrospective analysis of 368 consecutive patients who underwent emergency surgery of ascending aorta in moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA) (20-24 °C) and antegrade cerebral perfusion after AAAD between 2001 and 2016. Patients were divided into two groups: those aged 75 years and older (68 (18.5%)) and those younger than 75 years (300 (81.5%)).ResultsComparing both groups, average age was 79.0 ± 3.2 vs. 59.2 ± 10.7 years (p < 0.001); female gender represents 58.8% of elderly patients vs. 28.7% in younger patients (p < 0.001). Intraoperatively, cardiopulmonary bypass time (155 min (131; 187) vs. 171 min (137; 220); p = 0.012), cross-clamping time (79 min (60; 105) vs. 93 min (71; 134); p = 0.001] and circulatory arrest time (29 min (22; 40) vs. 33 min (26; 49); p = 0.011) were significantly shorter in elderly than younger group. Postoperatively, there was no significant difference in delirium (11.8% vs. 20.5%; p = 0.0968) or stroke (11.8% vs. 16.1%; p = 0.369). The 30-day mortality was satisfactory for both groups but significantly higher in the elderly group (27.9% vs. 14.3%; p = 0.007).ConclusionThe current study concluded that surgical treatment of AAAD in elderly patients can be applied safely without increasing risk of neurological complication. However, minimizing operation time may help limit the occurrence of postoperative neurological complication

The Role of CD 34 Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells, Macrophages, and Smooth Muscle Cells in Human Coronary Artery Atherogenesis

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a widespread and devastating disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. So much is there to understand about atherosclerosis. And although a lot is already discovered, yet most of the studies are performed in cell cultures and animal models. Recent technologies for genetic engineering and imaging are mainly performed on animal models, with few studies in human tissues. A better understanding of their role is required. AIM: We aim to study the expression of CD 34 hematopoietic progenitor stem cell, CD 68 macrophages, and smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the human coronary arteries and correlate their differential expression with the atherosclerosis progression. RESULTS: CD 68 and CD 34 expression increase as the atherosclerotic process proceeds from early atheroma to advanced atheroma and start to decrease as the process proceeds to fibroatheroma with a significant p &lt; 0.001. Conversely, SMA expression decreases as the atherosclerotic process progresses with a significant p &lt; 0.001. CONCLUSION: CD34 progenitor cells in conjunction with CD 68 macrophages have a major role in the development of atherosclerosis, whereas the SMCs are minimal in the early stages and reach their maximal levels during the stage of fibroatheroma

Etude du comportement en fatigue de la bielle ? Application sous ANSYS ?

La Bielle à été depuis son invention l'objet de plusieurs études de recherches vu son importance dans les machines par le rôle primordiale qu'elle assure, et qui consiste en la transformation d'un mouvement linéaire en un mouvement rotationnel, et ce en supportant les différentes charges dont elle est soumise. Notre travail sur le comportement en fatigue de la bielle d'un moteur à combustion interne consiste en premier lieu en une étude sur la distribution des contraintes ainsi que la localisation des endroits critiques sous le code de calcul Ansys en 3-D, puis une comparaison de l'analyse de la fatigue en 2-D entre deux matériaux différents utilisé dans la construction des bielles tout en créant des fissures aux endroits critiques définis précédemment

Active Infective Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients after Surgical Treatment

BackgroundActive infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease associated with high mortality. The current study represents our experience over 18 years with surgical treatment for active infective native and prosthetic valve endocarditis (INVE, IPVE).MethodAnalysis of 413 patients (171 with IPVE vs. 242 with INVE) who underwent cardiac surgery due to IE between 2002 and 2020.ResultsPatients with IPVE were significantly older (64.9 ± 13.2 years vs. 58.3 ± 15.5 years; p < 0.001) with higher EuroSCORE II (21.2 (12.7; 41.8) vs. 6.9 (3.0; 17.0); p < 0.001)) and coronary heart disease (50.6% vs. 38.0%; p < 0.011). Preoperative embolization was significantly higher within INVE (35.5% vs. 16.4%; p < 0.001) with high incidence of cerebral embolization (18.6% vs. 7.6%; p = 0.001) and underwent emergency curative surgery than the IPVE group (19.6% vs. 10.6%; p < 0.001). However, patients with IPVE were significantly represented with intracardiac abscess (44.4% vs.15.7%; p < 0.001). Intraoperatively, the duration of surgery was expectedly significantly higher in the IPVE group (356 min vs. 244 min.; p = 0.001) as well as transfusion of blood (4 units (0-27) vs. 2 units (0-14); p < 0.001). Post-operatively, the incidence of bleeding was markedly higher within the IPVE group (700 mL (438; 1163) vs. 500 mL (250; 1075); p = 0.005). IPVE required significantly more permanent pacemakers (17.6% vs. 7.5%: p = 0.002). The 30-day mortality was higher in the IPVE group (24.6% vs. 13.2%; p < 0.003).ConclusionPatients with INVE suffered from a higher incidence of cerebral embolization and neurological deficits than patients with IPVE. Surgical treatment in INVE is performed mostly as an emergency indication. However, patients with IPVE were represented commonly with intracardiac abscess, and had a higher indication of pacemaker implantation. The short- and long-term mortality rate among those patients was still high