Diet, physical activity and bone mineral density of post-menopausal Saudi women and development of a culturally acceptable food product

This study seeks to determine whether higher dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes and increased physical activity are associated with improved bone mineral density (BMD) in Saudi post-menopausal females. A total of 150 women participated in the study. Physical activity questionnaires and three-day food records were used to assess participants' daily routine activities and dietary habits. The levels of physical activity were also tracked over three days using a Letsfit watch, which counted each participant's daily steps. BMD was evaluated using a DXA scan. The findings of the study revealed high osteopenia and osteoporosis prevalence among the participants, estimated at 43.3% and 23.3%, respectively. The study also showed low sunlight exposure and low dietary intake of vitamin D in the participants. There was a positive association between BMD and the number of previous pregnancies and a negative association with the number of years after menopause. There was an observed negative association between daily vitamin D consumption and BMD. However, the result showed no associations among calcium intake, physical activity and BMD.For centuries, cow's milk was used as a source for calcium and vitamins. However, some people have lactose intolerance or an allergy to cow milk, and they seek alternative products to avoid these health problems. The second part of this study aimed to develop gluten, dairy, and soy-free product that would be culturally acceptable in the Middle East. The product developed was entirely plant-based, with the primary ingredients being almond (25%), dates (5%), and figs (5%). Laboratory analysis was performed of the developed almond milk product and an existing commercial product, evaluating their different compositional properties. The commercial almond milk displayed higher levels of moisture, calcium, vitamin D, ash, and pH. Levels of potassium, carbohydrates, fat, sugar, and protein were higher in the developed product. A comparison between the two products was made using sensory evaluation, with the descriptive sensory evaluation showing that consumer acceptance for the developed product was higher than for the existing commercial product. However, fortification of the developed almond milk product with calcium is recommended

Sustainable agriculture in Egypt

Presented at the fifth international conference on irrigation and drainage, Irrigation and drainage for food, energy and the environment on November 3-6, 2009 in Salt Lake City, Utah.Includes bibliographical references.Water is characterized such as no alternative source can substitute it and it is not a commercial resource or commodity. The great challenge for the coming decades will be the task of increasing food production with less water particularly in basins with limited water resources. Molden et al. (2003) estimated that, by year 2020, approximately 75% of the world's population will live in areas experiencing physical or economic water scarcity. Most of these areas happen to be where most of the poor and food insecure people live. Meeting their food needs with locally produced food presents enormous challenge. Hence, the need is to increase water productivity of agricultural production systems in water scarce areas where the poor population is dependent on local production. Increasing the productivity in agriculture will play a vital role in easing competition for scarce resources, prevention of environmental degradation, and provision of food security. Crop water productivity depends on several factors including crop genetic material, water management practices, economic and policy incentives, and people's acceptance. In a broad sense, productivity of water refers to the benefits derived from the use of water and is most often given in terms of mass of product, or its monetary value, per unit of water. Therefore, the main goal of the current practical study is to assess water productivity for different crops, assist decision makers in developing sustainable agricultural policies for Egypt and maximize national water resources' productivity in different agricultural activities considering the supply and demand aspects and based on the efficient utilization of the water resource

The Impact of Talent Management Application on the Strategy of Human Resources Management at Northern Border University

This study aims at finding out the link between talent management and the strategy of human resource management at Northern Border University, and the influence of talent management on the strategy of human resource management as well as the extent to estimate the university administration for the talent and achievement of strategic goals for the management of human resources, and to make recommendations to the university, the Saudi universities, in particular and organizations in general . The study used the descriptive statistic and analytical method applied to the study of cluster sampling method in the choice of vocabulary of the research population

Histological and Morphometrical Studies on the Ampulla of the Deferent Duct of Donkey (Equus Asinus) in Different Seasons

The objective of this study is to describe the histological and histochemical structure of the ampulla ductus defrentis during different seasons of the year. The experiment was carried out on the ampulla of the deferent duct of 24 sexually mature apparently healthy male donkeys (5 to 7 years) distributed over the four seasons of the year. Both the lamina epithelialis and the epithelium lining the ampullary glands of the donkey showed highly significant (P < 0.01) seasonal variations. The interstitial tissue/ glandular tissue ratio of the ampullary glands showed as seasonal variations. The glandular epithelium of the ampullary glands of donkey had strong PAS positive reaction. This reaction decreased gradually during summer and autumn to reach its minimal amount during winter. In conclusions, the ampullary glands of donkey appeared more active during spring and this activity decreased gradually during the summer and autumn to reach it lowest activity during winter

Histological and Histochemical Studies on the Ampulla of the Deferent Duct of Donkey (Equus asinus)

The present study was performed on the ampulla of the deferent duct of 24 sexually mature apparently healthy male donkeys (5 to 7 years) distributed over the four seasons of the year. The ampullary glands were branched tubulo-alveolar in type which they were opened in a central lumen. The luminal and the glandular epithelium were formed of principal and basal cells. Singly scattered rod- shaped cells were observed among the principal cells. PAS positive reactivity was observed in the surface and the glandular epithelium of the ampulla ductus deferentis. Only the luminal contents and the secretory materials attached to the apical border of the principal cells, showed positive reactivity for alcian blue. The present study presents the first description of the ampulla ductus deferentis of donkey. In addition to, it acts as a reservoir for sperms it had a secretory function for neutral and acid mucopolysaccharid

Flight-schedule using Dijkstra's algorithm with comparison of routes findings

The Dijkstra algorithm, also termed the shortest-route algorithm, is a model that is categorized within the search algorithms. Its purpose is to discover the shortest-route, from the beginning node (origin node) to any node on the tracks, and is applied to both directional and undirected graphs. However, all edges must have non-negative values. The problem of organizing inter-city flights is one of the most important challenges facing airplanes and how to transport passengers and commercial goods between large cities in less time and at a lower cost. In this paper, the authors implement the Dijkstra algorithm to solve this complex problem and also to update it to see the shortest-route from the origin node (city) to the destination node (other cities) in less time and cost for flights using simulation environment. Such as, when graph nodes describe cities and edge route costs represent driving distances between cities that are linked with the direct road. The experimental results show the ability of the simulation to locate the most cost-effective route in the shortest possible time (seconds), as the test achieved 95% to find the suitable route for flights in the shortest possible time and whatever the number of cities on the tracks application

The shariah framework for smart contracts, an original analytical study

A smart contract is a contract that brings together two or more parties that can be programmed electronically and then execute its terms automatically, once certain events or specific conditions are met and it depends on blockchain technology. This paper intends to elucidate this contract at the practical level, and then explains the legal frameworks from Islamic Perspective, by mentioning examples of legal contracts named in Islamic jurisprudence and shows similarities along with an analysis of the jurisprudential problems. The research concluded that there are jurisprudential contracts that are consistent with smart contracts, even in some parts through which the framework of the contract can be constructed from the jurisprudential point of view. The research used the descriptive and analytical method. The researchers concluded that a smart contract can be used in Islamic business framework as long as it meets the requisite legal elements as required under the Shariah principles

Organizational Intelligence and its Relationship to Administrative Excellence among the Principals of Private Schools in the Capital, Amman

The study aimed to identify the level of organizational intelligence and administrative excellence among private school principals in the capital, Amman, from the teachers ’point of view, and the relationship between them. the relational descriptive approach was used to achieve the aim of the study, also the study sample consisted of (396) male and female teachers, who work in Private schools affiliated to the directorates of the capital, Amman two questionnaires were developed: the first consists of (42) items about organizational intelligence the second consists of (34) items about administrative excellence. according to this the results showed that the level of organizational intelligence and administrative excellence among private school principals is high, and there is a positive and statistically significant correlation between the level of organizational intelligence of managers and the level of managerial excellence. According to these results, several recommendations were made, the most important of them are establishing a department specialized in organizational intelligence in all educational institutions, holding workshops to study gaps in organizational intelligence, and engaging school principals in training programs and courses to enable them to achieve administrative excellence in educational institution

The Shariah framework for smart contracts, an original analytical study

A smart contract is a contract that can be programmed electronically and implement its terms automatically. The researchers concluded that a smart contract can be used in Islamic business framework as long as it meets the basic legal elements as required under the Shariah principles. The paper used the descriptive and analytical method to conduct the research