The effect of selective rhythmic movements on, hand- foot coordination in girl children with developmental coordination disorder

زمینه و هدف: اختلال هماهنگی رشدی وقتی رخ می دهد که در رشد مهارت های حرکتی تاخیر بیافتد یا در انجام حرکات هماهنگ مشکلاتی بروز کند که نتیجه آن عدم توانایی انجام وظایف روزمره است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر یک دوره حرکت های منتخب ریتمیک بر هماهنگی دست و پای کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق نیمه تجریی ابتدا توسط غربالگری از طریق پرسشنامه رشدی ویلسون و سیاهه مشاهده حرکتی آموزگاران از بین 475 دانش آموز دختر دبستانی (6 تا 11 ساله) شهرکرد تعداد 30 کودک دارای ناهنجاری هماهنگی رشدی انتخاب شدند. از این گروه پیش‌ـ آزمون توسط مقیاس رشد حرکتی لینکن‌ـ اوزرتسکی (آیتم‌های مربوط به هماهنگی دست و پا) اخذ شد و سپس با تقسیم تصادفی، در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه تجربی در یک دوره برنامه‌ی منتخب حرکات ریتمیک به مدت 8 هفته (سه جلسه در هفته، هر جلسه 45 دقیقه) شرکت کردند، در انتها مجدداً آیتم‌های مربوط به هماهنگی دست – پا مقیاس رشد حرکتی لینکن‌ـ اوزرتسکی از هر دو گروه اخذ شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری تی مستقل تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که در پیش آزمون میانگین هماهنگی دست و پای (گروه تجربی و کنترل) تفاوت معنادار وجود ندارد، اما در پس آزمون میانگین هماهنگی دست و پا در گروه تجربی بیشتر از گروه کنترل بود (01/0

Effect of ankle sprain on postural control and electrical activity of selected muscles after single-leg jump landing task

Background: Ankle joint plays an important role in restoring the balance of individuals. Ankle sprain injury effects on balance of affected individuals. The changes in the postural control and activity of the ankle muscle, because of ankle sprain, can put the patients at reinjure risk and lower extremity injuries, especially during dynamic activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the electrical activity of ankle joint stabilizer muscles and postural stability after single-leg jump landing in individuals with ankle sprain.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 non-athletic students were participated. They were divided in two groups of 15 people, in the form of accessible and purposeful. Subjects was asked to land on a force plate with Single-leg, by at least 80% of their maximum jump. The com-cop changes assessment was used as an indicator for postural control evaluation. After jump landing, muscles activity was recorded on the ankle joint by surface electromyography (EMG) device. MATLAB software was used to analyze data, and MANOVA test was performed to compare two groups.Results: The results showed a significant reduction in EMG of soleus, gastrocnemius, and peroneus longus muscles (p=0.03, p=0.01 and p=0.006 respectively). Tibialis anterior activity significantly increased (p=0.001) in patient group than to healthy group. Postural control was significantly lower in patient group than healthy group, in all directions (p=0.00 and p=0.00 respectively).Conclusion: Decreased postural control indicates changes in EMG of the stabilizer muscles of this joint in people with ankle sprain injury

The Efficacy of Cupping Therapy Added to Electroacupuncture and Exercise Therapy on Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Electroacupuncture and exercise therapy have been used to treat knee osteoarthritis, but evidence for adding cupping to this treatment is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of cupping and acupuncture combined with exercise on knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: This randomized control trial was done on 56 patients with knee osteoarthritis. We had two groups: a control and an intervention group. Both groups received electroacupuncture and exercise therapy programs. The intervention group received cupping after electroacupuncture plus exercise therapy. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) measured patient outcomes before and after treatment. Results: All patients' VAS and WOMAC scores decreased in these two groups after treatment. The difference between VAS and WOMAC scores and pain and knee function was significant compared to the intervention group with the control group (p<0.05). The difference in knee stiffness was not significant comparing the intervention group with the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Adding cupping therapy following electroacupuncture and exercise therapy significantly decreased pain and improved function

Determination of Effect of Oral Vitamin D to Improve Ventilatory Threshold in Healthy Young Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency

Background: Many studies have shown a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in different communities. Due to multiple roles of vitamin D in the body, this study was aimed to determine the effect of oral vitamin D3 on ventilatory threshold-1 in a condition of vitamin D deficiency.Materials and Methods: Recent study performed on 25 healthy young adults with the serum levels of 25 Hydroxyvitamin D3 lower than 20 ng/ml, had referred to the sports medicine clinic of Taleghani Hospital of Tehran, in a one-year period (2016-2017). After primary evaluation, baseline ventilatory threshold-1 were determined by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Then persons were treated with 50,000 IU/week of oral vitamin D3 for 8 weeks, and one week after the completion of treatment, ventilator threshold-1 was measured again, similar to the beginning conditions of the study, and its changes were studied.Results: The mean baseline ventilatory threshold-1 of participants before any intervention was 22.46 ± 6.45 (ml/kg/min), and after 8 weeks of treatment by 50000 IU/week of oral vitamin D3, increased to 26.79 ± 5.33 (ml/kg/min) at the end of study, which there was a statistically significant increase in ventilatory threshold-1 (p<0.001).Conclusion: Recent study showed that proper treatment of the vitamin D deficiency, improves ventilatory threshold-1 in healthy young adults

Knowledge and attitude of medical interns about doping and its regulations

Objective: Doping is known as an important public health problem. Prominent sports events can be blemished due to doping. The role of general practitioners as an important part of the health system in the prevention of doping is obvious. Previous studies have shown they have been presumed themselves ill-prepared in dealing with this topic. This study set out to investigate the amount of knowledge and attitude among medical interns toward doping. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 medical interns in Taleghani hospital, Tehran, Iran Subjects were asked to complete a 35-item questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic data, status of physical activity, knowledge, and attitude. Knowledge was measured by questions regarding identifying prohibited drugs, adverse effects of banned drugs, WADA as an original source of published list of prohibited drugs, and regulations related to anti-doping rules violation. The attitude was measured based on a 5-point Likert scale. The more negative attitude toward doping was shown by higher scores. Results: The mean age was 25.39+/-1.43. Only 8% of students were familiar with WADA as an original source of doping. Approximately 90% of students were not aware of sanctions of anti-doping rules infraction. 65%, 33% and 2% of our subjects had poor, good and very good knowledge respectively. The mean score of attitude was 19.68+/-2.88. Conclusion: Our findings revealed, the senior medical students had negative attitudes toward doping and also their level of knowledge was poor in this regard. &nbsp

Determination of Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma Injection on Improving Pain and Function in Young Healthy Athletes with Isolated Grade 2 or 3 Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Sprains

Background: Knee medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprain is common in athletes, which keeps them away from trainings. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection is used as an adjunct for treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. This study was supposed to define effect of PRP injection on high-grade MCL sprain healing, in comparison to rehabilitation alone.Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 46 healthy athletes with high-grade MCL sprains who came to sports medicine clinic of Taleghani Hospital, Tehran over a one-year period (2017-2018). In first visit injury grade, its location, baseline pain, Lysholm score and joint stability was determined. Participants randomly allocated to 2 groups (n=23), “group A” had 12-week functional rehabilitation and “group B” had the same rehabilitation plus a single PRP injection. At 4-week intervals valgus stress testing, pain and Lysholm scores was reassessed. The scores of 4th, 8th and 12th weeks was compared to the baseline scores.Results: Mean baseline pain score in control and intervention group was 5.09±0.949 and 5.26±0.810 respectively that in the fourth week of study reduced to 1.30±0.765 and 2.43±0.507 (p<0.001). In intervention group, fourth week pain was significantly reduced while stability and Lysholm scores of the groups had no significant difference.Conclusion: PRP injection had a short-term statistically significant pain reduction effect that may assist in faster rehabilitation progress, shorter return to play and less detraining which is crucial to professional athletes

Identification of Canebrake level changes of the Zarivar Lake between 1984 to 2011, using the images of Landsat TM and ETM +

In the past decade, remote sensing has been widely used to identify surface changes of different vegetation and their classification. Increasing the level of Canebrake of the Zarivar Lake and its risks for aquatic organisms living in the lake has become one of the most important issues in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify surface changes of this Canebrake in the past three decades using Landsat TM and ETM+. For this purpose, bands 3, 4, and 5 of images were geo-referenced. RMSE were less than one pixel for all bands. The supervised classification method with a maximum likelihood algorithm was also applied to detect the changes of water area on the combined images (bands 5, 4, and 3) of months with full water in the lake. NDVI index was utilized to identify the surface changes of Canebrake on the images taken in the months with low water in the lake. The results show that the rise and fall of water area and surrounding canebrake has a direct correlation with a rainfall and increase in both levels maybe occur at the same time. Study on the coastal strip of water area with GPS and combined images showed that the coastal line had not a significant change in the past three decades

Comparing strength and range of motion of the upper limb with AV fistula access with the contralateral upper limb among patients treated with hemodialysis

Introduction:The arteriovenous (AV) fistula is a gold standard method for safe and effective repeated vascular access for patients on hemodialysis (HD). The patients, with AV-fistula access in their upper limb, have some limitations in using the involved limb both in daily living and during the dialysis process. The aim of this study was to compare range of motion (ROM), muscle strength and arm circumference of fistula created limb with the contralateral upper limb. Material and Methods: 23 patients (50-85 year), receiving HD through AV fistula in one of their upper limbs, at least for 3 months, were enrolled. ROM, muscle strength, and arm circumference of both upper limbs were measured using goniometer, dynamometer and tape-measure, respectively. Then the values of the both sides were compared together. Results: In ROM tests shoulder forward flexion, backward extension, internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal extension, and horizontal adduction, and in muscle strength tests shoulder abduction and hand grip were significantly (p<0.05) more limited or weaker at the fistula side. Arm circumference was significantly greater at the fistula created limb. Conclusion: The upper limb, which is involved during HD process, is weaker and has more limited ROM in comparison with the contralateral limb. We suggest more attention to develop specific exercise programs for maintaining the abilities of the limb with AV-fistula access. 

Evaluation of Efficacy of Neuro Muscular Electrical Stimulation and Electro Acupuncture in Improving the Pain and Disability in Patients with the Lumbar Degenerative Intervertebral Disk Disease

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) due to the degenerative intervertebral disk diseases is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions in contemporary societies. A variety of pharmacological, non-pharmacological and surgical options is available for treatment of CLBP. The use of non-pharmacological methods have drastically increased in recent years, offering fewer complications and expenses. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and electro acupuncture (EAP) with exercise therapy alone in patients with chronic low back pain. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized case-controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients with CLBP were randomly assigned to 3 groups (20 cases each) of the EAP with exercise therapy, NMES with exercise therapy, and exercise therapy only. Severity of pain and disability improvement were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Quebec back pain disability scale respectively. Results: A total of 66 individuals were enrolled, out of which 6 were excluded due to patients’ lack of cooperation. A significant decline in the amounts of Quebec and VAS was observed in the three groups (p<0.001). The pain and disability improvements did not display any significant difference in the NMES or EAP groups compared to the control group. However, the severity of disability and pain in the NMES group were significantly higher than the EAP group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings may indicate an almost identical efficacy of exercise therapy alone compared to the combination with electrical stimulation techniques in improving the pain and disability in patients suffering CLBP