HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD CONSUMPTION ACTIVITIES

Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Differences in locomotor gross motor development level among grade 1 ballet dancers, students with and without co-curricula

Purpose: The study is a survey form ex post facto and the purpose of this study was to identify the level of locomotor skills among grade one ballet dancers, students with co-curriculum and students without co-curriculum. Methodology: A total of 90 students of the boy and girl who are around Klang and Seremban area have participated in this study. Gross Motor Development Tests (TGMD-2) by Ulrich (2000) was conducted to determine the level of locomotor skills of level one primary school students. Statistical analysis Kruskal – Wallis test was used to analyse the mean score between the group of level one primary school students. Result: The results showed a group of ballet dancers grade 1 had the highest mean (M=3.13, SD=1.008), compared with a group of students with co-curricular activities M=2.000, SD=0.000) and a group of students without co-curricular activities (M=2.000, SD=0.000). However, significance differences in the scores also showed significant differences among the three groups with the estimated value of significance is 0.000. Findings and discussion: Studies show locomotor skills development of primary school students are still not developing well according to their chronological age

Extracting the Essence of Flexibility in System Design

The modest purpose of this paper is to review the concept of flexibility as discussed in various fields of investigations, and to extract its characteristic features. In order to discuss any subject matter clearly, it is necessary to begin with a clear set of definitions. Indeed much can be gained through careful and consistent definitions of terms alone. Flexibility however is a word rich with ambiguity. While it is being increasingly used in various fields, few attempts have been made to formally define, quantify, and propose ways for achieving flexibility. This paper proposes to fill in part this gap by synthesizing a clear and consistent definition of flexibility. It will do so by reviewing the usage of the term in various fields of inquiries, and show that it is indeed possible to clearly and unambiguously characterize flexibility, and to disentangle it from closely related concepts

Weaving time into system architecture : new perspectives on flexibility, spacecraft design lifetime, and on-orbit servicing

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, June, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-214).A roadmap for a comprehensive treatment of issues of flexibility in system design is developed that addresses the following questions: 1) What are the characteristic features of flexibility in system design? Can one clearly and unambiguously characterize flexibility, and disentangle it from closely related concepts? 2) What drives the need for flexibility in system design, and what are the attributes of an environment in which flexible designs should be sought and fielded? 3) How can one embed flexibility in a system design? 4) What are the trade-offs associated with designing for flexibility? What is the value of flexibility and what are the associated penalties (cost, performance, risk, etc.), if any? These are the fundamental questions around which this thesis revolves. The first part of this work addresses the first two questions: Flexibility of a design is here defined as the property of a system that allows it to respond to changes in its initial objectives and requirements-both in terms of capabilities and attributes-occurring after the system has been fielded, i.e., is in operation, in a timely and cost-effective way. It is argued that flexibility should be sought when: 1) the uncertainty in a system's environment is such that there is a need to mitigate market risks, in the case of a commercial venture, and reduce a design's exposure to uncertainty in its environment, 2) the system's technology base evolves on a time scale considerably shorter than the system's design lifetime, thus requiring a solution for mitigating risks associated with technology obsolescence.(cont.) In other words, flexibility reduces a design's exposure to uncertainty, and provides a solution for mitigating market risks as well as risks associated with technology obsolescence. One way flexibility manifests its criticality to systems architects is in the specification of the system design lifetime requirement. The second part of this work addresses issues of design lifetime, and ways to provide and value flexibility in the particular case of space systems. First, it is shown that design lifetime is a key requirement in sizing various spacecraft subsystems. Second, spacecraft cost profiles as a function of the design lifetime are established and a cost per operational day metric is introduced. It is found that a cost penalty of 30% to 40% is incurred when designing a spacecraft for fifteen years instead of three years, all else being equal. Also, the cost per operational day decreases monotonically as a function of the spacecraft design lifetime. An augmented perspective on system architecture is proposed (diachronic) that complements traditional views on system architecture (synchronic). It is suggested for example that the system's design lifetime is a fundamental component of system architecture although one cannot see it or touch it. Consequently, cost, utility, and value per unit time metrics are introduced and explored in order to identify optimal design lifetimes for complex systems in general, and space systems in particular. Results show that an optimal design lifetime for space systems exists, even in the case of constant expected revenues per day over the system's lifetime ...by Joseph Homer Saleh.Ph.D

Role of Product Innovation and Brand Image Toward Customer Interest and Its Implication on Electronic Products Purchase Decision

 PT. TJA is one of the importer companies that has a variety of electronic products and is a supplier and distributor of cleaning service tools and various cleaning tools. This study aims to analyze the effect of product innovation and brand image on customer interest which has an impact on purchase decisions for PT TJA's products. Sources of data used for research are secondary data and primary data. The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to respondents and through literature review. The independent variables are product innovation and brand image, the mediating variable is customer interest and the dependent variable is purchase decisions. The method of analysis in this study uses linear regression analysis with SPSS 22. Total respondents in this study is 140 folks, all respondents had made purchases and used products which were sold by PT TJA. The results of this study indicates that all variables have an effect on purchase decision

Accumulation of total nutrients, dry matter and phytochrome content in Boesenbergia stenophylla R.M Smith as affected by different light conditions

A study was conducted to determine the best agronomic practices for the cultivation of jerangau merah as a new medicinal crop. Jerangau merah is scientifically known as Boesenbergia stenophylla is a ginger plants that is highly endemic to the Borneo Highland. This understorey herb grows in cluster and under the heavy shades of forest canopies and perceived only the sunflecks that pass through the forest canopies. Jerangau Merah has been consumed by the locals for its medicinal values since decades ago. Generally, B. stenophylla is well known for its function as antidote for alcohol. Moreover, the B. stenophylla is also beneficial for rheumatic pains, remedies for stomach ache and toothache and as antiseptic wash as well. This herb is not propagate by the locals due to its sensitivity to sunlight and lack of agronomic information for B. stenophylla. Harvesting it from their natural habitat, however, seen the decline it its population size hence cultivation is essential. This paper aimed to determine the total nutrients, dry matter yield and phytochrome content of Bosenbergia stenophylla R.M. Smith under different light regimes. A study for determining suitable planting media for B. stenophylla was conducted at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The treatments are: i) (M1) with the ratio of 3:2:1 top soil: sand: organic matter, media ii) (M2) consists of soil mixture 3:2:1 placed in water-logged polyethylene bags and media iii) (M3) contained only leaf litters. The results showed that the herbs showed significantly higher number of shoots and leaves in the common soil mixture. But, better root development in media containing leaf litters. The study proceeded with field experiment at Ba’Kelalan to determine the effect of different shade levels and fertilizing regimes on growth. B. stenophylla was cultivated under two different levels of shade cloths: 70% and 90% level of shade and different fertilizing regimes (T1 as control, no fertilizer applied to the plants; T2, chicken dung; T3, NPKMg and T4, mixed of chicken dung and NPKMg). The study for determining the effects of different shade level and fertilizing regimes on seedling’s growth which conducted at Ba’Kelalan in factorial randomized completely blocked design (RCBD). The data collected for 9 weeks of planting which include nutrient content in soil, leaf, PAR and phytochrome content and growth parameters. Regarding the nutrient uptake, the results showed no interactions between fertilizing regimes and shade levels. There were no significant different in nutrient elements except for magnesium and potassium. Magnesium is essential for the formation of chlorophyll which ensure efficiency of photosynthesis when under higher light intensity. Among all the fertilizer treatment, it was showed that chicken dung amendment has higher nutrient uptake. Thus, it is recommended chicken dung should be added into the NPKMg for better nutrient uptake. Further study on suitable fertilizer rates apply to B. stenophylla should be taken into consideration. Moreover, plants cultivated under 70% have been higher and have higher dry matter yield than those plants cultivated under 90%. The result also revealed that there was significant different in chlorophyll content of B. stenophylla cultivated under 70% which treated either with chicken dung and NPKMG respectively. However, plants under 90% have higher chlorophyll content than those under 70%. Based on the results, plants under 70% shade was taller than those under 90% and there were significant difference in height among treatments under 70%.  It was observed plant treated with NPKMg was taller. This study showed that shade and fertilizers significantly affected the dry matter yield of B. stenophylla. Moreover, adding NPKMg to the treatments yields more dry matter content of jerangau merah. As for phytochrome content, there was no significant effect of fertilizer on phytochrome content. However, there was significant difference among the shade levels. 90% shade showed higher phytochrome content than those under 70%. In overall, both shade and fertilizer is important in cultivation of Jerangau Merah. 70% shade was observed to have significant effects on growth of jerangau merah and also more economical compared to 90%. Moreover, combination of organic matter and NPKMg also promote the growth of jerangau merah enhance the nutrient uptake efficiency of jerangau merah. However, further investigation of suitable fertilizer and application rate are required to determine suitable fertilizer for jerangau merah and application rate for optimum growth of jerangau merah

Role of Product Innovation and Brand Image Toward Customer Interest and Its Implication on Electronic Products Purchase Decision

 PT. TJA is one of the importer companies that has a variety of electronic products and is a supplier and distributor of cleaning service tools and various cleaning tools. This study aims to analyze the effect of product innovation and brand image on customer interest which has an impact on purchase decisions for PT TJA's products. Sources of data used for research are secondary data and primary data. The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to respondents and through literature review. The independent variables are product innovation and brand image, the mediating variable is customer interest and the dependent variable is purchase decisions. The method of analysis in this study uses linear regression analysis with SPSS 22. Total respondents in this study is 140 folks, all respondents had made purchases and used products which were sold by PT TJA. The results of this study indicates that all variables have an effect on purchase decision

Two-dimensional Nanolithography Using Atom Interferometry

We propose a novel scheme for the lithography of arbitrary, two-dimensional nanostructures via matter-wave interference. The required quantum control is provided by a pi/2-pi-pi/2 atom interferometer with an integrated atom lens system. The lens system is developed such that it allows simultaneous control over atomic wave-packet spatial extent, trajectory, and phase signature. We demonstrate arbitrary pattern formations with two-dimensional 87Rb wavepackets through numerical simulations of the scheme in a practical parameter space. Prospects for experimental realizations of the lithography scheme are also discussed.Comment: 36 pages, 4 figure

የከብቶች ድንች (Fodder Beet)

Software is assuming an increasing role in the aerospace industry, and by the same token it is also playing an increasing role in many recent incidents and accidents of both military and commercial vehicles. To better understand this role, we examine two case studies from the accident database of the Air Force Accident Investigation Board (AIB). We previously illustrated the limitations of the notion of “software failure” and developed, in its stead, the notion of software contribution to adverse events. We show here how specific operational scenarios, generally unconsidered during the software development and testing, trigger those contributions. We provide an analysis of the recurrent patterns of those mechanisms and preliminary recommendations for software development and testing. We also suggest ways to consolidate AIB reports\u27 findings and to be more mindful of the chain of causality in the accident sequences