Influence of the sociocultural perspective on the sensory perception of wine consumers in Mexico and Spain

The increasing globalization of companies and markets, including the wine market, makes this study important as a cultural comparison between the sensory perception of wine in Mexico and Spain. Eighty consumers were selected with different consumption habits, and hedonic (Acceptance and Simple Preference) and descriptive (Word Association Task and the Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) method) sensory tests were performed. The results revealed that there were differences in the conceptualization of wine in the Word Association Task. Both populations preferred wines of Spanish origin over those of Mexican origin, especially in the case of red wine.Postprint (published version

The over time effects of work relocation on the quality of life in mine workers with silicosis in the Andean division of Codelco, Chile

Artículos originales[ES] Introducción: Los países industrializados están sufriendo importantes transformaciones en su evolución demográfica, caracterizado por el envejecimiento de la población (disminución de la tasa de natalidad, incremento de la población adulta y aumento de la esperanza de vida). En España el decremento de la tasa pensionista/ cotizante conlleva a que en la actualidad se esté discutiendo en el gobierno el retraso en la edad de jubilación. Objetivo: Determinar los efectos en el tiempo de la reubicación laboral y la calidad de vida de los trabajadores mineros con diagnóstico de silicosis de la División Andina, Codelco Chile. Materiales y Método: Estudio cuantitativo de series temporales en un solo grupo, se aplicó el cuestionario SF 36 a cinco trabajadores con diagnóstico de silicosis, tres meses antes de la reubicación y tres meses después de la reubicación, las mediciones fueron mensuales, para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el ANOVA para medidas repetidas en SPSS y se complementó con el test de Friedman. Resultados: Se observó que en las tres mediciones antes de la reubicación laboral las 8 dimensiones del cuestionario SF 36 disminuyeron sostenidamente, no existiendo diferencia significativa (f > 0.05) entre los sujetos del estudio. Sin embargo después de la reubicación laboral la dimensión de dolor corporal, vitalidad y función social presentaron diferencia significativa (f < 0.05) entre los sujetos del estudio. Conclusiones: Los trabajadores mostraron cambios en el tiempo en la calidad de vida, respecto a la reubicación laboral, a pesar que no hubo significancia estadística en la mayoría de las dimensiones que se midieron durante el proceso de reubicación. [En] Objective: To determine the effects over time of work relocation and the quality of life of mine workers diagnosed withsilicosis in the Andean division of Codelco, Chile. Materials and Method: Quantitative study of temporal series ina single group. The SF36 questionnaire was applied to five workers diagnosed with silicosis, three months before relocation and three months after job relocation. The evaluations were monthly. The statistical analysis was done using ANOVA for repeated measures in SPSS and complemented with the Friedman test. Results: We observed that in all three measurements beforethe job relocation, the 8 dimensionsof the SF36 declined steadily, with no significant difference (f> 0.05) among the study subjects. However, after the redeployment, the dimension of body pain, vitality and social function showed significant differences (f <0.05) among the study subjects. Conclusions: Workers showed changes over time in quality of life, with respect to job relocation, although there was no statistical significance in mostof the dimensions that were measured during the relocation process.N

Effect of yttria addition on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of ODS ferritic alloys processed by High Energy Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic alloys are structural materials used in nuclear fusion reactors, which exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, as well as corrosion and irradiation resistance. In the present work, ODS ferritic alloys with composition Fe-14Cr-1.5W-0.4Ti-(0, 0.4, 0.8) Y2O3 (in wt.%) were prepared employing high energy milling (HEM) followed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). The particle size distribution (PSD) of the milled powders was characterized by laser diffraction. These powders and the sintered materials produced were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sintered materials were also characterized by dilatometry, diametral compression, Vickers microhardness, and corrosion rate tests. The largest Young’s modulus, microhardness, and dimensional shrinkage/expansion were obtained for the 0.8 wt.% Y2O3 alloy. However, this alloy was the least ductile. Furthermore, the 0.8 wt.% Y2O3 alloy was the one with the least dimensional change. According to the potentiodynamic polarization studies, it was found that the protective layer of Cr2O3 formed on the surface of the three alloys studied was less effective for the yttria-free alloy, since in this case the rupture of such protective layer occurred earlier than for the case of the yttria-containing alloys. Based on these results, it is suggested that the 0.8 wt.% Y2O3 alloy having fine microstructure could constitute a potential alternative as a structural material for Gen IV-type reactors

Retinal Thickness Changes Over Time in a Murine AD Model APP NL-F/NL-F.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) may present retinal changes before brain pathology, suggesting the retina as an accessible biomarker of AD. The present work is a diachronic study using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to determine the total retinal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in an APPNL-F/NL-F mouse model of AD at 6, 9, 12, 15, 17, and 20 months old compared to wild type (WT) animals. Methods: Total retinal thickness and RNFL thickness were determined. The mean total retinal thickness was analyzed following the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study sectors. RNFL was measured in six sectors of axonal ring scans around the optic nerve. Results: In the APPNL-F/NL-F group compared to WT animals, the total retinal thickness changes observed were the following: (i) At 6-months-old, a significant thinning in the outer temporal sector was observed; (ii) at 15-months-old a significant thinning in the inner temporal and in the inner and outer inferior retinal sectors was noticed; (iii) at 17-months-old, a significant thickening in the inferior and nasal sectors was found in both inner and outer rings; and (iv) at 20-months-old, a significant thinning in the inner ring of nasal, temporal, and inferior retina and in the outer ring of superior and temporal retina was seen. In RNFL thickness, there was significant thinning in the global analysis and in nasal and inner-temporal sectors at 6 months old. Thinning was also found in the supero-temporal and nasal sectors and global value at 20 months old. Conclusions: In the APPNL-F/NL-F AD model, the retinal thickness showed thinning, possibly produced by neurodegeneration alternating with thickening caused by deposits and neuroinflammation in some areas of the retina. These changes over time are similar to those observed in the human retina and could be a biomarker for AD. The APPNL-F/NL-F AD model may help us better understand the different retinal changes during the progression of AD.This research was funded by the Ophthalmological Network OFTARED (RD16/0008/0005) of the Institute of Health of Carlos III of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; and the Research Network RETIBRAIN (RED2018-102499-T) and Grant PID2019-106581RB-I00 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; and Leducq Foundation for Cardiovascular Research TNE-19CVD01. IL-C was currently supported by a Pre-doctoral Fellowship (CT42/18-CT43/18) from the Complutense University of Madrid. JF-A was currently supported by a Pre-doctoral Fellowship (FPU17/01023) from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities.S

Measurement of the Crab Nebula Spectrum Past 100 TeV with HAWC

We present TeV gamma-ray observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard reference source in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy, using data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory. In this analysis we use two independent energy-estimation methods that utilize extensive air shower variables such as the core position, shower angle, and shower lateral energy distribution. In contrast, the previously published HAWC energy spectrum roughly estimated the shower energy with only the number of photomultipliers triggered. This new methodology yields a much improved energy resolution over the previous analysis and extends HAWC's ability to accurately measure gamma-ray energies well beyond 100 TeV. The energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula is well fit to a log parabola shape $\left(\frac{dN}{dE} = \phi_0 \left(E/\textrm{7 TeV}\right)^{-\alpha-\beta\ln\left(E/\textrm{7 TeV}\right)}\right)$ with emission up to at least 100 TeV. For the first estimator, a ground parameter that utilizes fits to the lateral distribution function to measure the charge density 40 meters from the shower axis, the best-fit values are $\phi_o$=(2.35$\pm$0.04$^{+0.20}_{-0.21}$)$\times$10$^{-13}$ (TeV cm$^2$ s)$^{-1}$, $\alpha$=2.79$\pm$0.02$^{+0.01}_{-0.03}$, and $\beta$=0.10$\pm$0.01$^{+0.01}_{-0.03}$. For the second estimator, a neural network which uses the charge distribution in annuli around the core and other variables, these values are $\phi_o$=(2.31$\pm$0.02$^{+0.32}_{-0.17}$)$\times$10$^{-13}$ (TeV cm$^2$ s)$^{-1}$, $\alpha$=2.73$\pm$0.02$^{+0.03}_{-0.02}$, and $\beta$=0.06$\pm$0.01$\pm$0.02. The first set of uncertainties are statistical; the second set are systematic. Both methods yield compatible results. These measurements are the highest-energy observation of a gamma-ray source to date.Comment: published in Ap

¿Descendió el producto agrario por habitante en la Europa moderna? El caso castellano

Este trabajo cuantifica el crecimiento del producto agrario y del producto agrario per cápita en cuatro provincias castellanas entre las últimas décadas del siglo XVI y el tercer cuarto del XVIII. Para ello utiliza la vía del producto y se basa en la documentación decimal generada por las diócesis de Ávila, Burgos, Salamanca y Segovia para el reparto del subsidio y del excusado. Su principal conclusión no corrobora la imagen negativa que ofrece parte de la historiografía reciente sobre la evolución del sector primario castellano en los siglos XVI y XVIII: entre 1588-1592 y 1771-1775, tanto el producto agrario como el producto agrario por habitante, lejos de reducirse, crecieron en la región estudiada

Tópicos selectos de las organizaciones: una visión académica

Esta obra es un compendio de trabajos realizados por diversos autores sobre el tópicos de administración en temas financieros y de tecnología de la informaciónEn una economía interdependiente y globalizada, temas como el valor del dinero, las crisis bursátiles, la optimización de portafolio de inversión, el cuestionamiento al dólar como moneda de intercambio, los cambios fiscales, la nueva revolución tecnológica y el rol de las pequeñas y microempresas, cobran vigencia en un mundo donde lo único constante es el cambio. Estas temáticas están presentes en el trabajo colectivo que el Centro Universitario UAEM Atlacomulco publica para beneplácito de la comunidad universitaria. En 2016, la empresa consultora global Price Water House Coopers (PwC), en su Reporte “Cinco megatendencias y sus posibles implicaciones”, señalaba que en 2050 el 21% de la población mundial será mayor de 60 años, y México no es ajeno a esta situación. Los datos revelan que dentro de tres décadas las personas de la tercera edad serán 32.4 millones, mientras que en 2015 eran 8.5 millones. ¿Tiene relación el dinero y el crecimiento demográfico? En nuestro país, lo que percibe más de la mitad de los pensionados es que no les alcanza para cubrir sus necesidades elementales. Es por todos conocido que el crecimiento demográfico de la población adulta tiene efectos económicos, de salud y sociales. Si bien los autores de este libro vinculan este tema con variables macroeconómicas como ahorro, inversión, inflación, tasa de interés, rendimiento, riesgo, etc., sería muy interesante analizarlo desde la perspectiva de políticas públicas, pues todos sabemos que la precariedad de las pensiones está en correspondencia con el gasto del Estado, que debe proteger y garantizar la calidad de vida de este segmento de la población. Regularmente, cuando se habla de crisis, se hace hincapié en el lado financiero-bursátil. Sin embargo, las crisis tienen múltiples facetas: alimentaria, migratoria, ecológica y cam- bio climático, gobernabilidad, etc., y existe consenso entre los expertos que estas crisis se retroalimentan entre sí y forman un círculo vicioso que se hace global. Los mercados son interdependientes y ante cualquier proceso de inestabilidad, volatilidad e incertidumbre provocan euforia en algunos y pánico en otros.Publicación financiada con recursos PFCE 201

Gamma/Hadron Separation with the HAWC Observatory

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory observesatmospheric showers produced by incident gamma rays and cosmic rays with energyfrom 300 GeV to more than 100 TeV. A crucial phase in analyzing gamma-raysources using ground-based gamma-ray detectors like HAWC is to identify theshowers produced by gamma rays or hadrons. The HAWC observatory records roughly25,000 events per second, with hadrons representing the vast majority($>99.9\%$) of these events. The standard gamma/hadron separation technique inHAWC uses a simple rectangular cut involving only two parameters. This workdescribes the implementation of more sophisticated gamma/hadron separationtechniques, via machine learning methods (boosted decision trees and neuralnetworks), and summarizes the resulting improvements in gamma/hadron separationobtained in HAWC.<br

Horizontal muon track identification with neural networks in HAWC

Nowadays the implementation of artificial neural networks in high-energyphysics has obtained excellent results on improving signal detection. In thiswork we propose to use neural networks (NNs) for event discrimination in HAWC.This observatory is a water Cherenkov gamma-ray detector that in recent yearshas implemented algorithms to identify horizontal muon tracks. However, thesealgorithms are not very efficient. In this work we describe the implementationof three NNs: two based on image classification and one based on objectdetection. Using these algorithms we obtain an increase in the number ofidentified tracks. The results of this study could be used in the future toimprove the performance of the Earth-skimming technique for the indirectmeasurement of neutrinos with HAWC.<br